Maiden JORC-Code Compliant MRE at Limeco

Term	Explanation
AAS	Atomic Absorption Spectrometry - A technique used to measure the concentration of a specific metal or metalloid in a sample. AAS detects elements in either liquid or solid samples through the application of characteristic wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation from a light source. Individual elements will absorb wavelengths differently, and these absorbances are measured against standards.
Bootstrapping	Bootstrapping is a statistical resampling method used to estimate the properties of a dataset, such as its mean, variance, or confidence intervals, by repeatedly sampling with replacement from the original data. This technique is particularly useful when the underlying distribution of the data is unknown or when the sample size is too small to rely on traditional parametric methods. Bootstrapping creates multiple "resampled" datasets, computes the desired statistic for each, and uses the distribution of these statistics to make inferences.
Calcination	Calcination is a thermal decomposition process in which material, typically carbonate, is heated to a high temperature in the absence of air or oxygen to remove volatile components. In the context of limestone processing, calcination involves heating calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) in a kiln to produce calcium oxide (CaO), also known as quicklime, by driving off carbon dioxide (CO₂). Calcination is fundamental in various industrial applications, including the production of cement, lime, and the processing of ores in metallurgy, as it alters the physical and chemical properties of the raw materials to achieve desired characteristics.
Caliper Method	The Caliper Method is a simple and direct measurement technique used to determine the thickness or dimensions of a sample, typically in geological, mining, or engineering applications. This method involves using a calliper - a precision instrument with a sliding scale or digital display-to measure the width, diameter, or thickness of an object. The dimensions are used to calculate the sample's volume which is then used with its weight to calculate its density.
Compositing	Compositing is the process of combining multiple individual samples into a single representative sample to provide an averaged result across the samples which simplifies analysis. The technique is used to meet the requirement of using equal-length samples in geostatistical analysis and estimation.
Chain of Custody	Chain of Custody refers to the documented and unbroken process of handling samples, data, or materials from collection through transport, storage, analysis, and final disposal or reporting. It ensures the integrity, traceability, and accountability of the sample or material, minimising the risk of tampering, loss, or contamination.
CRM	Certified Reference Material (CRM) is a high-quality, well-characterised material that has been certified for one or more specific properties or analytes by a technically valid procedure. CRMs come with a certificate that provides the certified values, measurement uncertainties, and traceability to a recognised standard. CRMs are used as benchmarks to ensure accuracy and precision in analytical measurements.
CPR	Competent Persons Report is an independent assessment of a company's mineral properties, including its Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves, reported and signed off by one or more Competent Persons.
Cut-off Grade	Cut-off grade is the minimum grade or concentration of a mineral or metal in ore required for it to be economically viable to extract and process. It acts as a threshold that determines whether material is classified as ore (profitable to process) or waste (uneconomical). The cut-off grade depends on several factors, including metal prices, mining and processing costs, recovery rates, and market conditions.
Domain	In geology, a domain often describes a spatially distinct region with consistent/homogenous geological, mineralogical, or geochemical characteristics, such as a mineralised zone or lithological unit. Domains are used to model ore bodies, analyse spatial distributions of elements, and guide resource estimation.
DGPS	Differential Global Positioning System - An advanced navigation and positioning system that enhances the accuracy of standard Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements. DGPS uses a network of fixed ground-based reference stations to correct GPS signals, significantly reducing errors caused by satellite orbit variations, atmospheric interference, and clock discrepancies.
Geoloss	A geological loss factor is applied to the Mineral Resource to account for a loss in the material of interest due to the discontinuation of the geological unit or the inability to mine the material due to geological conditions. Geological loss is expressed as a percentage by which a Mineral Resource is discounted. There are two types termed "Known" and "Unknown" losses. Mineral Resources are discounted by the total approximated geological losses.
Geostatistics	A branch of statistics that analyses and predicts spatial data. It uses statistical models to incorporate spatial coordinates into data acquisition, allowing for the following: describing and modelling spatial data, predicting values at unsampled points, and evaluating the uncertainty of estimates.
Geotechnical logging	A process that involves the detailed examination of rock from drill holes or excavation sites to collect data about their quality and structure. The data collected can include information on rock fracture frequency; weathering; rock mass quality; joint conditions; and type, location, orientation, and surface conditions of fractures.
HQ	A letter name specifying the dimensions of bits, core barrels, and drill rods in the H-size and Q-group wireline diamond drilling system having a core diameter of 63.5 mm and a hole diameter of 96 mm.
ICP	Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) is an analytical technique used to detect and quantify trace elements and isotopes in a wide range of sample types. It relies on a high-temperature plasma-created by ionizing argon gas using an electromagnetic field-as an energy source to excite atoms and ions in the sample. These excited species emit characteristic wavelengths of light, which are measured using a spectrometer.
Indicated	An Indicated Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics, can be estimated with a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.
Inferred	An Inferred Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated on the basis of limited geological evidence and sampling. Geological evidence is sufficient to imply but not verify geological and grade or quality continuity. It is based on exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes. An Inferred Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than that applying to an Indicated Mineral Resource and must not be converted to an Ore Reserve. It is reasonably expected that the majority of Inferred Mineral Resources could be upgraded to Indicated Mineral Resources with continued exploration.
Inverse Power of Distance	The inverse power of distance is a mathematical method of interpolation. Samples are weighted proportional to the inverse of the distance between each sample and the point estimated.
JORC	Joint Ore Reserves Committee - The Australian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code) is a professional code of practice that sets minimum standards for Public Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves.
Kriging Efficiency	Kriging efficiency is a geostatistical metric that measures the effectiveness of the kriging estimate to reproduce the local block grade accurately. A higher Kriging Efficiency value means a lower degree of over-smoothing and a more robust estimate.
Measured	A Measured Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, and physical characteristics are estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the application of Modifying Factors to support detailed mine planning and final evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Geological evidence is derived from detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes, and is sufficient to confirm geological and grade (or quality) continuity between points of observation where data and samples are gathered. A Measured Mineral Resource has a higher level of confidence than that applying to either an Indicated Mineral Resource or an Inferred Mineral Resource. It may be converted to a Proven Ore Reserve or under certain circumstances to a Probable Ore Reserve.
NQ	A letter name specifying the dimensions of bits, core barrels, and drill rods in the N-size and Q-group wireline diamond drilling system having a core diameter of 47.6 mm and a hole diameter of 75.7 mm.
Optimised Pit Shell	The outline of an optimal open pit/quarry that maximises net present value while meeting operational requirements. The process of determining the pit shell is called pit optimisation, and it's a key preceding step in designing and scheduling open pit mines. The goal of pit shell optimisation is to find the pit shell that generates the highest net present value for a given deposit while adhering to limitations imposed such as geotechnical or spatial limits.
Ordinary Kriging	Ordinary Kriging is a geostatistical interpolation method used to estimate unknown values at unsampled locations based on known data points while minimising estimation variance. It assumes that the mean of the data is unknown but stationary across the area of interest. Ordinary Kriging uses spatial autocorrelation, quantified through a variogram, to weigh the influence of nearby data points, giving greater weight to those closer to the estimation location while also considering each data point's location relative to other data points.
QAQC	Quality Assurance and Quality Control refers to the systematic processes and procedures implemented to ensure the accuracy, precision, and reliability of data, results, and operations in various industries, including mining, geology, and laboratory analysis. QAQC ensures that data and processes meet predefined standards, providing confidence in decision-making, regulatory compliance, and reporting in exploration, resource estimation, and other critical applications.
Quicklime	Quicklime, also known as calcium oxide (CaO), is a white, caustic, and alkaline material produced by the thermal decomposition of limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO₃) in a lime kiln at high temperatures (approximately 900-1,000°C). This process, known as calcination, removes carbon dioxide (CO₂), leaving behind quicklime.
Resource Classification	Defined as classes or categories as per the JORC Code (2012) in decreasing confidence levels as Measured, Indicated and Inferred.
RPEEE	Reasonable Prospects for Eventual Economic Extraction - a technical and economic assessment of the factors that could affect the possibility of extracting a resource economically. These factors include: Mining, Metallurgical and Processing, Economic, Marketing, Legal, Infrastructure, Environmental, Social, and Governmental. It's a principle used to define mineral resources and is a key component of the Definition Standards for Mineral Resources.
ROM	Run-of-mine refers to the raw, unprocessed ore material as it is extracted from the mine, and ready for processing in the plant where it will be subjected to treatment including crushing, screening, and in this project's case calcination.
SOP	Standard Operating Procedure - A document that provides step-by-step instructions for how to perform a specific task.
Slope of Regression	The Slope of Regression is a geostatistical metric that measures the degree of over-smoothing of the high and low grades and represents the regression slope of the estimated block grades against the corresponding true, but unknown block grades.
SPA	A Share Purchase Agreement (SPA) is a legally binding contract that outlines the terms and conditions for the sale and transfer of shares in a company. It is typically used in mergers and acquisitions, private equity transactions, or business sales, ensuring that both the buyer and seller agree on key details of the transaction.
Subcelling	Subcelling refers to the process of subdividing large parent blocks in the block model into smaller blocks to honour domain wireframe boundaries more accurately.
Topcapping	Topcapping, also known as grade capping or outlier capping, is a data processing technique used in resource estimation to limit the influence of extremely high values, or outliers, in a dataset.
Variography	Variography is the process of analysing and modelling spatial variability in a dataset by examining how values of a variable change with distance and direction. It is a fundamental tool in geostatistics, used to quantify spatial relationships and create models for resource estimation, environmental studies, and other applications where spatial continuity is important.
XRF	X-ray fluorescence is a non-destructive analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of materials. It works by exposing a sample to high-energy X-rays, causing the atoms in the sample to emit secondary (fluorescent) X-rays at characteristic wavelengths. These emitted X-rays are detected and analysed to identify and quantify the elements present.

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Criteria: JORC Table 1 - Section 1: Sampling techniques and data
Explanation		Answer
Sampling Techniques
· Nature and quality of sampling (e.g., cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry-standard measurement tool appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling. · Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurements or systems used. · Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. In cases where 'industry standard' work has been done this would be relatively simple (e.g., 'reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire assay'). In other cases, more explanation may be required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (e.g., submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information.		· Diamond drilling core samples were split into half-core and cut into sample intervals, which were submitted to the labs. Where duplicates were sent to multiple labs, the half-core samples were split into quarter-core samples (field duplicates). · Sampling was done across the entire depth of each drill hole, excluding only the unconsolidated overburden material. Sample lengths ranged from 10 cm to >8 m, but mostly ranged between 1 and 2 m which captured a reasonable representation of the alternating material types. 92% of assay samples were sampled to material type geological contacts. · The sampling SOP dictated sample collection methodology and insertion of quality control samples. · The total amount of assay samples captured in the dataset was 6,959 samples. · Multiple labs have been used for analyses. Sample preparation and analysis methods were not disclosed for samples analysed by Mopani, Ndola, Alex Stewart, or Limeco. Samples analysed by SGS: <3kg were dried at 105°C for 4 hours, pulverised to 90% passing 2.36 mm, split 250 g - 1 kg and pulverised to 85% passing 75 μm. CaO, CaCO₃, MgO, Fe₂O₃, and Al₂O₃ were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after multi-acid (HNO₃/HClO₄/HCl/Hf) digestion using 0.4 g pulp. Volume was bulked up to 100 ml. Determination of available CaO was by titration. SiO₂ was measured with AAS after sodium fusion.
Drilling Techniques
· Drill type (e.g., core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (e.g., core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc).		· Drill data used in this Mineral Resource was only that of diamond core drilling (HQ and NQ core sizes). · Eighty-five (85) drill holes were drilled at a -60° angle to intersect the 30-40° dipping lithology at an approximately perpendicular angle. · Fifty-three (53) drill holes were drilled vertically. · Downhole surveys were not performed. · Drill core was not orientated.
Drill Sample Recovery
· Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results assessed. · Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples. · Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material.		· Core recovery was measured and calculated from the core with an average of >95% core recovery in the 81 drill holes which were subjected to basic Geotech logging. · Core recovery was low in areas where unconsolidated overburden material, cavities, or clay material were intersected. · Measures taken to maximise core recovery were not recorded in historical reports. · No clear correlation was observed between grade and core recovery.
Logging
· Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. · Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.) photography. · The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged.		· Geological logging was qualitative and was completed to the level of detail sufficient to support Mineral Resource modelling and estimation, mining studies, and metallurgical studies. · Basic Geotech logging was done on 81 drill holes with several quantitative variables. Advanced geotechnical analysis was done on 6 drill holes to quantify cohesion, internal angle of friction, and modulus of elasticity. · Drill holes were logged and sampled from top to bottom, which equated to 9,115 m of geological logging entries across the 138 drill holes (100% of the total drilled length).
Sub-Sampling Techniques and Sample Preparation
· If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken. · If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry. · For all sample types, the nature, quality, and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique. · Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of samples. · Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in-situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling. · Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled.		· HQ and NQ core was split into half-core - one half for sampling, the other half retained for future reference. When samples were sent to a single lab, half-core samples were submitted. When sent to multiple labs, the core was split into quarter-core to create field duplicates which were sent to the respective labs. Sampling procedures were guided by the SOP. · Multiple labs have been used for analyses. Sample preparation and analysis methods were not disclosed for samples analysed by Mopani, Ndola, Alex Stewart, or Limeco. · Samples analysed by SGS: <3kg were dried at 105°C for 4 hours, pulverised to 90% passing 2.36 mm, split 250 g - 1 kg and pulverised to 85% passing 75 μm. CaO, CaCO₃, MgO, Fe₂O₃, and Al₂O₃ were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after multi-acid (HNO₃/HClO₄/HCl/Hf) digestion using 0.4 g pulp. Volume was bulked up to 100 ml. Determination of available CaO was by titration. SiO₂ was measured with AAS after sodium fusion. · Sample preparation techniques were assumed to be appropriate for limestone samples to be analysed for the respective elements. · No details were available on quality control procedures adopted to maximise representivity during sub-sampling, however, this was not a concern for the CP given the type of deposit and mineralisation. · Sampling was mostly done to material type geological contacts from top to bottom of the drill holes. Field duplicates (quarter-core) samples were analysed. · Sample sizes were appropriate for the type of bulk commodity deposit and its mineralisation.
Quality of Assay Data and Laboratory Tests
· The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total. · For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. · Nature of quality control procedures adopted (e.g., standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (i.e., lack of bias) and precision have been established.		· Where AAS was used by SGS, the method was total. Insufficient details were available on sample preparation for ICP analysis. Where titration was possibly used, it would have been a partial technique. · The analysis techniques used on the accepted samples (excluding Ndola results) were regarded as appropriate and acceptable for this type of commodity, deposit, and grade ranges. · The use of reputable laboratories such as Alex Stewart and SGS and the comparison of these labs' results with Mopani added to the general confidence in the assay results. · 2012 - 2013: The sample batches did not include CRMs and blanks inserted by the geologist. No details were available on the in-house QC samples that would've been inserted by the labs. Field duplicates (quarter core) were sent to an umpire laboratory (Alex Stewart) at a rate of 1 in every 10 samples. Despite the lack of comprehensive blind QC, the comparison (mean error) between the main lab (Mopani) and the umpire/secondary lab (Alex Stewart) leads to the acceptance of the results. · 2017: According to the SOP, AMIS0250 CRMs were inserted at a rate of 1 CRM after every 14 samples. Duplicates were prepared for every 10^th sample in a 60-sample batch. Blanks were inserted at the beginning, end, and at every 12^th sample. Pass/fail criteria dictated by the SOP. SGS inserted their own in-house QC samples as well to monitor accuracy, precision, and contamination. Both Mopani and SGS reported a consistent negative bias in the AMIS0250 attributed to the different matrix of the CRM (fluorspar and dolomite). The use of the CRM was ceased. No contamination was measured. Precision performance for the target element, Ca, as well as Mg were very good. The mean error between Mopani and SGS suggested that Mopani results could be accepted based on the reputability of SGS.
Verification of Sampling and Assaying
· The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel. · The use of twinned holes. · Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. · Discuss any adjustment to assay data.		· No verification drilling or sampling was done as part of this Mineral Resource Estimation. · No drill holes were twinned. General geology could be confirmed in the historical quarry where mining took place in 2016. · Lab results were received in the form of lab certificates and presumably spreadsheets. Spot checks were done by Earthlab to compare the assay dataset and the scanned lab certificates. · Data has been stored mostly in Microsoft Excel workbooks as well as Microsoft Access tables. Standard logging sheets were used by geologists, but no details regarding electronic data-capturing procedures were available. · No adjustments made to assay data other than disqualification during data validation steps, and top-capping after compositing.
Location of Data Points
· Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation. · Specification of the grid system used. · Quality and adequacy of topographic control.		· DGPS was used to survey collar coordinates which is significantly more accurate than an ordinary GPS. · No historical reported information on downhole surveys but based on the single data record per drill hole, it was presumed that downhole surveys were not done and the orientation of the drill rig setup was recorded for the drill holes that ranged between approximately 60 and 90 m in drill length. · All coordinates are in Arc 1950 UTM Zone 35S. · The topographic scan was limited and did not cover the entire project area. The surface was expanded using the drill hole collars. The topography in the area is flat gradually ranging from 1,190 to 1,200 mamsl.
Data Spacing and Distribution
· Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. · Whether the data spacing, and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. · Whether sample compositing has been applied.		· Drill hole collar spacing varies across the project, ranging between 50, 100, 175, 200, 250, and 350 m and was appropriate for Mineral Resource Estimation of a bulk limestone deposit. The average spacing based on a simple formula is 143 m. The widest spacing was sufficient for Inferred Mineral Resource Classification, while the area with tight spacing (50 - 100 m on average) included Indicated and Measured classification. · Samples were taken from top to bottom of the drill holes at lengths ranging on average between 1 and 2 m. · Samples were composited to 1.25 m in vertical drill holes and 1.45 m in angled drill holes to represent equal vertical support which was 50% of the resource block's vertical dimension (2.5 m).
Orientation of Data in Relation to Geological Structure
· Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type. · If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.		· Although angled drill holes intersecting the lithology at an approximately perpendicular angle were more ideal than the vertical drill holes intersecting it at an angle, the possible bias/effect caused by this in a bulk deposit such as this would be negligible. The deposit is a bulk limestone deposit and therefore "mineralisation" isn't limited to key structures.
Sample Security
• The measures taken to ensure sample security.		• Core and sample transport procedures were dictated by the SOP and the core has been securely stored in shipping containers inside a fenced storage yard. No details regarding the sample chain of custody were available.
Audits or Reviews
• The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data.		• No official internal or external audits have been reported on that Earthlab knows of. • Golder (2017) reviewed and improved some of the interpretation, methodology, and work previously done by Mopani (2013). • Earthlab reviewed the historical work by Mopani (2013) and Golder (2017). While Earthlab accepted the logging and assay data, Earthlab applied its own, new interpretation and created a new geological model and Mineral Resource Estimation.

Criteria: JORC Table 1 - Section 2: Reporting of Exploration Results
Explanation	Answer
Mineral Tenement and Land Tenure Status
• Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings. • The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area.		• The current owner of the project is Limeco Resources Limited (Limeco), with Firering Strategic Minerals PLC (Firering), owning 20.5% of Limeco based on a binding shares purchase agreement (SPA) with the company. Firering is also granted an option to acquire an additional 24.5% interest in Limeco which will then increase Firering's shareholding to 45%. • Limeco is leasing two farm portions adjacent to each other. Both farms are leased for 100 years from 1 June 1975. The farms are subdivision '1' of subdivision 'K' of farm 688 (Certificate number: 307409) occupying 206.94 Ha and subdivision '581' of subdivision 'A' of farm number 1957 (Certificate number: 315597) occupying 260.04 Ha. • License number 21279-HQ-MPL (Mineral Processing Licence) is owned by Limeco under the Mines and Mineral Development Act of 2015 (Act No. 11 of 2015). License 21279-HQ-MPL was granted on 21-11-2016 and is valid until 20-11-2041 for Limestone production. The license has a size 382.68 Ha and is owned by Limeco. • A small-scale exploration license 37483-HQ-SEL has been granted on 09-08-2024 over a portion of the property to Limeco and covers 148.43 Ha for the exploration of limestone and marble, which is valid until 08-08-2028. • A second small-scale exploration license 37900-HQ-SEL was granted on 15-08-2024 and is valid until 14-08-2028 for the exploration of dolomite, feldspar, granite, graphite, limestone, marble, mica, quartz, talc-soapstone, tin and tungsten over the 392.51 Ha.
Exploration Done by Other Parties
• Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties.	• The historical exploration work by Mopani in 2013 and Golder in 2017 that makes up all the data used for this Mineral Resource Estimate was discussed in this CPR.
Geology
• Deposit type, geological setting, and style of mineralisation.	• The project is underlain by Precambrian meta-sediments which host intrusions of basic and granitic rocks. The basement complex comprises of Palaeozoic calcareous quartzite and biotite gneiss. The Katanga Supergroup unconformably overlies the basement complex rocks and contain the limestone and dolomites, likely from the lower Kundelungu Group on the Lusaka Plateau (Lusaka Dolomite Formation as mentioned in Golder Associates, 2017). The rocks of the Katanga Supergroup show regional-scale metamorphism. These rocks are covered by quaternary sediments. • The Lusaka Plateau comprises three formations namely the Lusaka Dolomite Formation, Cheta Formation and the Chunga Formation. The lowermost geological unit is the Chunga Formation which comprises basement rocks including gneiss and quartzites. The overlying Cheta Formation comprises schist and quartzite and is dominated by thick and extensive sequences of carbonates. The Lusaka Dolomite Formation is the uppermost geological unit and comprises calcareous and dolomitic marbles. • It was interpreted that this limestone was deposited on a lagoon-shoal shelf, where wind and still water deposited sediments forming wackstone, packstone and upward grainstone in horizontal to wavy grey laminated layers. Due to the geological time period of deposition, the atmosphere was already rich in oxygen which could give rise to the deposition of iron-rich minerals or layers within the limestone deposits. Where the limestone is more dolomitic in composition and in contact with more calcitic limestone, greater water retention occurs leading to the internal weathering of these iron-rich minerals or layers. If specific conditions occurred in the dolomite during deposition, the dissolution of the dolomite occurs, which could also lead to iron-rich phases forming including hematite and ferrihydrite.
Drill Hole Information
· A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes: o easting and northing of the drill hole collar o elevation or RL (Reduced Level -elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar o dip and azimuth of the hole o down hole length and interception depth o hole length. · If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case.	· Historical drill holes were used for the compilation of this MRE. The information is tabulated in Table 36 in Appendix A: Drill Hole Summary of this report.
Data Aggregation Methods
· In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g., cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated. · Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high-grade results and longer lengths of low-grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail. · The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly stated.	· During initial analysis at material type resolution (pre-compositing) length-weighting was applied. Vertical holes' sample lengths were adjusted with a correction factor of cos(30°) to be used with close to equal support when combined with the angled holes' samples. · Compositing was done within domain boundaries. Vertical holes composited to 1.25 m and angled holes to 1.45 m to have fair vertical support. · Topcapping was applied after compositing and is disclosed in detail in Table 12 in this CPR. · No metal equivalents were reported.
Relationship Between Mineralisation Widths and Intercept Lengths
· These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration Results. · If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be reported. · If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (e.g., 'down hole length, true width not known').	· The dip and dip direction/strike of the lithology were measured on outcrop and inside the historical quarry and used to guide the modelling, geostatistical analysis and estimation. The drill holes are fully situated within the bulk limestone, and therefore the only case where the relationship between interception length and geological geometry is relevant is the waste domain, Domain D.
Diagrams
· Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported. These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views.	· Appropriate and relevant diagrams are included in this CPR.
Balanced Reporting
· Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration Results.	· Reporting of Exploration Results in this CPR is balanced. The report does not only include the positive results e.g. the significant number of drill holes, the high CaO grade, and the large Mineral Resource, but also includes "negative" and real aspects of the work such as the reporting of missing information, presence of erroneous data, and deleterious element grades restricting certain domains from being declared as Mineral Resources.
Other Substantive Exploration Data
· Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples-size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances.	· Golder (2017) incorporated trench observations in their interpretation and modelling. Earthlab did not have access to the raw data of trenches but did not consider this as a limitation. · Mopani (2017) and Golder (2017) mentioned that resistivity survey and hydrogeological work were done, but Earthlab did not incorporate it in this MRE due to not having access to the data or the interpretation. · Golder (2017) measured bulk density by the calliper method on 48 of the 2017 drill holes. Earthlab accepted 625 bulk density samples. · Golder (2017) performed basic geotech logging on 81 drill holes. Advanced geotechnical analysis was done on 6 drill holes to quantify cohesion, internal angle of friction, and modulus of elasticity. · Maerz performed chemical analysis, shatter tests, decrepitation tests, and burning tests. Cimprogetti did chemical, mineralogical, and thermal (TG and DTG) analysis and slaking tests. Details can be found in individual reports or compiled and summarised in EARTH-FIRE-PO_#-2-Desktop_Study_1. · Limeco also routinely performs burning tests in their on-site laboratory. · The limestone is to be processed into quicklime, and therefore the other chemical constituents measured (Mg, Fe, Al, and Si) would be considered as deleterious substances as the higher their concentration, the less pure the quicklime. The concentrations of these elements were also estimated to be used in the Mineral Resource definition. · The stockpiles consisted of a 72:28 ore (B1, B2, B8)-waste (B3-B7 + soil) ratio.
Further Work
· The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g., tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling). · Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive.	· Mine design and scheduling should be prioritised as the next study work to be completed. · Infill drilling in near-term mining areas should be prioritised over step-out drilling to extend the model outward. · Further burning tests should be performed under conditions that resemble kiln conditions as much as possible to refine the understanding of the calcination behaviour and physical properties of the material.