4Q18 part 1 of 1

RNS Number : 0431P
BP PLC
05 February 2019
 
   

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

 

 

London 5 February 2019

 

 

 

 

BP p.l.c. Group results

 

Fourth quarter and full year 2018

 
     

 

 

For a printer friendly copy of this announcement, please click on the link below to open a PDF version:

 http://www.rns-pdf.londonstockexchange.com/rns/0431P_1-2019-2-4.pdf

 

Top of page 1

Highlights

Building business momentum, growing earnings and returns

•   More than double full-year earnings, near double returns

-    Underlying replacement cost profit for full year 2018 was $12.7 billion, more than double that reported for 2017. The fourth quarter result was $3.5 billion, driven by the strong operating performance across all business segments.

-    Return on average capital employed was 11.2% compared to 5.8% in 2017.

-    Operating cash flow, excluding Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments, for full year 2018 was $26.1 billion, including a $2.6 billion working capital build (after adjusting for inventory holding losses). This compares with $24.1 billion for 2017, which included a working capital release of $2.6 billion.

-    Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments in 2018 totalled $3.2 billion on a post-tax basis.

-    Total divestments and other proceeds in 2018 were $3.5 billion. BP intends to complete more than $10 billion divestments over the next two years, which includes plans announced following the BHP transaction.

-    Dividend of 10.25 cents a share announced for the fourth quarter, 2.5% higher than a year earlier.

•  Record Upstream reliability, record refining throughput

-    Operational reliability was very strong in 2018 for both main business segments.

-    For the year, BP-operated Upstream plant reliability was a record 96%, and Downstream delivered refining availability of 95% and record refining throughput.

-    Reported oil and gas production averaged 3.7 million barrels of oil equivalent a day for 2018. Upstream underlying production, which excludes Rosneft, was 8.2% higher than 2017.

•  Growing the business, advancing the energy transition

-    Six Upstream major projects started up in 2018, making a total of 19 brought online since 2016.

-    Reserves replacement ratio (RRR) for 2018, including Rosneft, is 100%. Including acquisitions and disposals, RRR is 209%, primarily reflecting the BHP transaction.

-    Fuels marketing continued to grow, with over 25% more convenience partnership sites, as well as further retail expansion in Mexico.

-    BP set out its approach to advancing the energy transition in 2018, introducing its 'reduce-improve-create' framework and setting clear targets for operational greenhouse gas emissions, towards which it is already making significant progress.

-    BP acquired UK electric vehicle charging company Chargemaster and Lightsource BP saw important expansion internationally.

 

 

 

 

 

See chart on PDF

 

 

Bob Dudley - Group chief executive:

We now have a powerful track record of safe and reliable performance, efficient execution and capital discipline. And we're doing this while growing the business - bringing more high-quality projects online, expanding marketing in the Downstream and doing transformative deals such as BHP. Our strategy is clearly working and will serve the company and our shareholders well through the energy transition.

 

Financial summary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Profit for the period attributable to BP shareholders

 

766

 

3,349

 

27

 

 

9,383

 

3,389

 

Inventory holding (gains) losses, net of tax

 

1,951

 

(258

)

(610

)

 

603

 

(628

)

RC profit (loss)

 

2,717

 

3,091

 

(583

)

 

9,986

 

2,761

 

Net (favourable) adverse impact of non-operating items and fair value accounting effects, net of tax

 

760

 

747

 

2,690

 

 

2,737

 

3,405

 

Underlying RC profit

 

3,477

 

3,838

 

2,107

 

 

12,723

 

6,166

 

RC profit (loss) per ordinary share (cents)

 

13.58

 

15.45

 

(2.94

)

 

50.00

 

14.02

 

RC profit (loss) per ADS (dollars)

 

0.81

 

0.93

 

(0.18

)

 

3.00

 

0.84

 

Underlying RC profit per ordinary share (cents)

 

17.38

 

19.18

 

10.64

 

 

63.70

 

31.31

 

Underlying RC profit per ADS (dollars)

 

1.04

 

1.15

 

0.64

 

 

3.82

 

1.88

 

RC profit (loss), underlying RC profit, return on average capital employed, operating cash flow excluding Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments and working capital are non-GAAP measures. These measures and Upstream plant reliability, refining availability, major projects, inventory holding gains and losses, non-operating items, fair value accounting effects, underlying production and reserves replacement ratio are defined in the Glossary on page 32.

 

The commentary above and following should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement on page 36.

 

 

Top of page 2

Group headlines

Results

For the full year, underlying replacement cost (RC) profit* was $12,723 million, compared with $6,166 million in 2017. Underlying RC profit is after adjusting RC profit* for a net charge for non-operating items* of $2,805 million and net favourable fair value accounting effects* of $68 million (both on a post-tax basis). RC profit was $9,986 million for the full year, compared with $2,761 million a year ago.

For the fourth quarter, underlying RC profit was $3,477 million, compared with $2,107 million in 2017. Underlying RC profit is after adjusting RC profit for a net charge for non-operating items of $1,186 million and net favourable fair value accounting effects of $426 million (both on a post-tax basis). RC profit was $2,717 million for the fourth quarter, compared with a loss of $583 million in 2017.

BP's profit for the fourth quarter and full year was $766 million and $9,383 million respectively, compared with $27 million and $3,389 million for the same periods in 2017.

See further information on pages 3, 28 and 29.

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

The charge for depreciation, depletion and amortization was $15.5 billion in 2018, compared with $15.6 billion in 2017. In 2019, we expect the charge to be in line with 2018.

Non-operating items

Non-operating items amounted to a post-tax charge of $1,186 million for the quarter and $2,805 million for the full year. The charge for the quarter includes the impact of the annual update of environmental provisions, changes to non-Gulf of Mexico oil spill related legal provisions, as well as further restructuring costs. The group restructuring programme originally announced in 2014 has now been completed. See further information on page 28.

Effective tax rate

The effective tax rate (ETR) on RC profit or loss* for the fourth quarter and full year was 45% and 42% respectively. The ETR for both periods in 2017 was significantly impacted by the effect of non-operating items and therefore was not a meaningful measure.

Adjusting for non-operating items and fair value accounting effects, the underlying ETR* for the fourth quarter and full year was 38% for both periods, compared with 27% and 38% for the same periods in 2017. The higher underlying ETR for the fourth quarter reflects the reassessment of the recognition of deferred tax assets, partly offset by changes in the geographical mix of profits. In the current environment the underlying ETR for 2019 is expected to be around 40%. ETR on RC profit or loss and underlying ETR are non-GAAP measures.

Dividend

BP today announced a quarterly dividend of 10.25 cents per ordinary share ($0.615 per ADS), which is expected to be paid on 29 March 2019. The corresponding amount in sterling will be announced on 18 March 2019. See page 25 for further information.

Share buybacks

BP repurchased 2 million ordinary shares at a cost of $16 million, including fees and stamp duty, during the fourth quarter of 2018. For the full year, BP repurchased 50 million ordinary shares at a cost of $355 million, including fees and stamp duty. We expect to continue our share buyback programme, and to fully offset the impact of scrip dilution since the third quarter of 2017 by the end of 2019.

Operating cash flow*

Excluding post-tax amounts related to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, operating cash flow* for the fourth quarter was $7.1 billion, including a $1.5-billion working capital* build (after adjusting for inventory holding losses*) and $26.1 billion in the full year, including a $2.6-billion working capital build (after adjusting for inventory holding losses), compared with $6.2 billion and $24.1 billion for the same periods in 2017. Including amounts relating to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, operating cash flow for the fourth quarter and full year was $6.8 billion and $22.9 billion respectively (after a $0.8-billion working capital release for the quarter and a $4.8-billion working capital build for the full year), compared with $5.9 billion and $18.9 billion for the same periods in 2017. See also the Glossary on page 32 for further information on working capital.

Capital expenditure*

Organic capital expenditure* for the fourth quarter and full year was $4.4 billion and $15.1 billion respectively, compared with $4.6 billion and $16.5 billion for the same periods in 2017.

Inorganic capital expenditure* for the fourth quarter and full year was $8.5 billion and $9.9 billion respectively, including $6.7 billion relating to the BHP acquisition (see Note 3), compared with $0.2 billion and $1.3 billion for the same periods in 2017.

Organic capital expenditure and inorganic capital expenditure are non-GAAP measures. See page 27 for further information.

Divestment and other proceeds

Total divestment and other proceeds for the year were $3.5 billion, compared with $4.3 billion a year ago, and includes $0.6 billion loan repayment to BP relating to the refinancing of Trans Adriatic Pipeline AG in the fourth quarter. Divestment proceeds* were $2.4 billion for the fourth quarter and $2.9 billion for the full year, compared with $2.5 billion and $3.4 billion for the same periods in 2017.

Gearing*

Net debt* at 31 December 2018 was $44.1 billion, compared with $37.8 billion a year ago. Gearing at 31 December 2018 was 30.3%, compared with 27.4% a year ago. Net debt and gearing are non-GAAP measures. See page 25 for more information.

Reserves replacement ratio*

The organic reserves replacement ratio on a combined basis of subsidiaries and equity-accounted entities was 100% for the year. Including acquisitions and divestments, such as the BHP transaction and investment in LLC Kharampurneftegaz in Russia, the total reserves replacement ratio was 209%.

 

 

Brian Gilvary - Chief financial officer:

Operating cash flow excluding working capital change* was up 33% for the full year and 17% higher than last quarter, including a positive contribution from our new US assets. The continued strong cash flow growth underpins the balance sheet as we absorb the BHP acquisition and deliver more than $10 billion of divestments over the next two years.

* For items marked with an asterisk throughout this document, definitions are provided in the Glossary on page 32.

The commentary above contains forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement on page 36.

 

 

Top of page 3

Analysis of underlying RC profit* before interest and tax

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

3,886

 

3,999

 

2,223

 

 

14,550

 

5,865

 

Downstream

 

2,169

 

2,111

 

1,474

 

 

7,561

 

6,967

 

Rosneft

 

431

 

872

 

321

 

 

2,316

 

836

 

Other businesses and corporate

 

(344

)

(345

)

(394

)

 

(1,558

)

(1,598

)

Consolidation adjustment - UPII*

 

142

 

78

 

(149

)

 

211

 

(212

)

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax

 

6,284

 

6,715

 

3,475

 

 

23,080

 

11,858

 

Finance costs and net finance expense relating to pensions and other post-retirement benefits

 

(654

)

(610

)

(550

)

 

(2,176

)

(1,801

)

Taxation on an underlying RC basis

 

(2,148

)

(2,213

)

(782

)

 

(7,986

)

(3,812

)

Non-controlling interests

 

(5

)

(54

)

(36

)

 

(195

)

(79

)

Underlying RC profit attributable to BP shareholders

 

3,477

 

3,838

 

2,107

 

 

12,723

 

6,166

 

 

Reconciliations of underlying RC profit or loss to the nearest equivalent IFRS measure are provided on page 1 for the group and on pages 6-11 for the segments.

 

Analysis of RC profit (loss)* before interest and tax and reconciliation to profit for the period

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

RC profit before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

4,168

 

3,472

 

1,928

 

 

14,328

 

5,221

 

Downstream

 

2,138

 

2,249

 

1,773

 

 

6,940

 

7,221

 

Rosneft

 

400

 

808

 

321

 

 

2,221

 

836

 

Other businesses and corporate(a)

 

(1,110

)

(815

)

(2,833

)

 

(3,521

)

(4,445

)

Consolidation adjustment - UPII

 

142

 

78

 

(149

)

 

211

 

(212

)

RC profit before interest and tax

 

5,738

 

5,792

 

1,040

 

 

20,179

 

8,621

 

Finance costs and net finance expense relating to pensions and other post-retirement benefits

 

(776

)

(729

)

(674

)

 

(2,655

)

(2,294

)

Taxation on a RC basis

 

(2,240

)

(1,918

)

(913

)

 

(7,343

)

(3,487

)

Non-controlling interests

 

(5

)

(54

)

(36

)

 

(195

)

(79

)

RC profit (loss) attributable to BP shareholders

 

2,717

 

3,091

 

(583

)

 

9,986

 

2,761

 

Inventory holding gains (losses)*

 

(2,574

)

371

 

816

 

 

(801

)

853

 

Taxation (charge) credit on inventory holding gains and losses

 

623

 

(113

)

(206

)

 

198

 

(225

)

Profit for the period attributable to BP shareholders

 

766

 

3,349

 

27

 

 

9,383

 

3,389

 

(a)       Includes costs related to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. See page 11 and also Note 2 on page 19 for further information on the accounting for the Gulf of Mexico oil spill.

 

 

Top of page 4

Strategic progress

 

Upstream

2018 Upstream production, which excludes Rosneft, was 3% higher than in 2017, the highest since 2010. Adjusted for portfolio changes and PSA* impacts, underlying production* was 8.2% higher than 2017 due to major project* ramp-ups and improved plant reliability*. Upstream production for the fourth quarter was 2,627mboe/d, 1.8% higher than a year earlier. Upstream unit production costs* for 2018 were higher than 2017 due to increased wellwork* activity and the impact of higher prices on production entitlements.

The Clair Ridge project, west of Shetland in the North Sea, was the sixth Upstream major project to come onstream in 2018, following earlier start-ups in Egypt, Russia, Azerbaijan, the Gulf of Mexico and Australia. BP has brought 19 new major projects online over 2016-2018.

Sanction for the first phase of the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim LNG development offshore Mauritania and Senegal and the Cassia Compression and Matapal gas projects in Trinidad were announced in the quarter. In January, BP announced approval of the Atlantis Phase 3 development in the Gulf of Mexico.

 

Downstream

Strong Downstream performance in 2018, with record earnings in a fourth quarter.

2018 manufacturing performance was strong with Solomon availability* for the year of 95% and record refining throughput on a current portfolio basis.

There was continued growth in marketing, with our convenience partnership model now rolled out to around 1,400 sites across the network, an increase of more than 25% in the year, and BP's retail network in Mexico reaching 440 sites by year end.

In the quarter, BP and SOCAR announced an agreement to explore the creation of a joint venture to build and operate a new world-scale petrochemicals complex in Turkey.

Advancing the energy transition

Solar development company Lightsource BP (BP 43%) has doubled its global footprint over the past year, with a presence now in 10 countries. Most recently it announced it would enter Brazil. During the fourth quarter, Lightsource BP was awarded power purchase agreements (PPAs) in Australia and in the US. In the UK, it announced an agreement to power AB InBev's manufacturing plants through an innovative 100MW PPA.

BP made a series of investments in electric vehicle technology and infrastructure during the year that significantly progress its advanced mobility agenda. This included the purchase of Chargemaster, operator of the UK's largest vehicle charging network, as well as venturing investment into battery company StoreDot.

Financial framework

Operating cash flow excluding Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments* was $26.1 billion for the full year of 2018. This compares with $24.1 billion for the full year of 2017.

 

Organic capital expenditure* for the full year of 2018 was $15.1 billion, in the range of $15-16 billion previously indicated. BP expects 2019 organic capital expenditure to be in the range of $15-17 billion.

 

Divestments and other proceeds totalled $3.5 billion for the full year. BP intends to complete more than $10 billion divestments over the next two years, which includes plans announced following the BHP transaction.

Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments on a post-tax basis totalled $3.2 billion in the full year of 2018. Payments for 2019 are expected to be around $2 billion on a post-tax basis.

 

Gearing* at the end of the quarter was 30.3%. At current oil prices, and in line with growing free cash flow* supported by divestment proceeds, we expect gearing to move towards the middle of our targeted range of 20-30% in 2020.

 

 

 

Operating metrics

 

 Year 2018

 

Financial metrics

 

 Year 2018

 

(vs.  Year 2017)

 

 

(vs.  Year 2017)

Tier 1 process safety events*

 

16

 

Underlying RC profit*

 

$12.7bn

 

(-2)

 

 

(+$6.6bn)

Reported recordable injury frequency*

 

0.20

 

Operating cash flow excluding Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments (post-tax)

 

$26.1bn

 

(-9%)

 

 

(+$2.0bn)

Group production

 

3,683mboe/d

 

Organic capital expenditure

 

$15.1bn

 

(+2.4%)

 

 

(-$1.4bn)

Upstream production (excludes Rosneft segment)

 

2,539mboe/d

 

Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments (post-tax)

 

$3.2bn

 

(+3.0%)

 

 

(-$1.9bn)

Upstream unit production costs

 

$7.15/boe

 

Divestment proceeds*

 

$2.9bn

 

(+0.6%)

 

 

(-$0.6bn)

BP-operated Upstream plant reliability(a)

 

95.7%

 

Net debt ratio* (gearing)

 

30.3%

 

(+1.0)

 

 

(+2.9)

Refining availability*

 

94.9%

 

Dividend per ordinary share(b)

 

10.25 cents

 

(-0.4)

 

 

(+2.5%)

 

 

 

 

Return on average capital employed*(c)

 

11.2%

 

 

 

 

(+5.4)

 

(a)       BP-operated Upstream operating efficiency* has been replaced with Upstream plant reliability as a group operating metric in the first quarter 2018. It is more comparable with the equivalent metric disclosed for the Downstream, which is 'Refining availability'.

(b)       Represents dividend announced in the quarter (vs. prior year quarter).

(c)       Return on average capital employed is included as this is a full year report.

 

 

The commentary above contains forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement on page 36.

 

 

Top of page 5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This page is intentionally left blank

 

 

 

 

 

 

Top of page 6

Upstream

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Profit before interest and tax

 

4,156

 

3,473

 

1,928

 

 

14,322

 

5,229

 

Inventory holding (gains) losses*

 

12

 

(1

)

-

 

 

6

 

(8

)

RC profit before interest and tax

 

4,168

 

3,472

 

1,928

 

 

14,328

 

5,221

 

Net (favourable) adverse impact of non-operating items* and fair value accounting effects*

 

(282

)

527

 

295

 

 

222

 

644

 

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax*(a)

 

3,886

 

3,999

 

2,223

 

 

14,550

 

5,865

 

(a)       See page 7 for a reconciliation to segment RC profit before interest and tax by region.

 

Financial results

The replacement cost profit before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $4,168 million and $14,328 million respectively, compared with $1,928 million and $5,221 million for the same periods in 2017. The fourth quarter and full year included a net non-operating gain of $136 million and a net charge of $183 million respectively, compared with a net charge of $144 million and $671 million for the same periods in 2017. Fair value accounting effects in the fourth quarter and full year had a favourable impact of $146 million and an adverse impact of $39 million respectively, compared with an adverse impact of $151 million and a favourable impact of $27 million in the same periods of 2017.

 

After adjusting for non-operating items and fair value accounting effects, the underlying replacement cost profit before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $3,886 million and $14,550 million respectively, compared with $2,223 million and $5,865 million for the same periods in 2017. The result for the fourth quarter mainly reflected higher liquids and gas realizations, strong gas marketing and trading results and higher production including BHP assets acquired by BPX Energy (previously known as the US Lower 48 business). The result for the full year mainly reflected higher liquids and gas realizations, higher production and lower exploration write-offs.

 

Production

Production for the quarter was 2,627mboe/d, 1.8% higher than 2017. Underlying production* for the quarter increased by 3.4%, due to major project ramp-ups.

For the full year, production was 2,539mboe/d, 3.0% higher than 2017. Underlying production for the full year was 8.2% higher than 2017 due to major project ramp-ups and improved plant reliability.

 

Key events

On 31 October, BP completed the acquisition of BHP's US unconventional oil and gas assets.

On 23 November, BP announced the start-up of the Clair Ridge project. This was the sixth major project to start up in 2018 (BP operator 45.1%, Shell 28%, Chevron 19.4% and ConocoPhillips 7.5%).

On 14 December, BP announced the sanction for two new gas developments offshore Trinidad, Cassia Compression and Matapal.

On 17 December, Sonangol and BP signed an agreement to progress to final investment decision the development of the Platina field in deepwater Block 18, offshore Angola. Sonangol also agreed to extend the production licence for the BP-operated Greater Plutonio project on Block 18 to 2032, subject to government approval, and for Sonangol to assume an equity interest in the block (BP operator 50% and Sonangol Sinopec International Limited 50%).

On 21 December, BP announced final investment decision, subject to regulatory approvals, for Phase 1 of the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim LNG development in Mauritania and Senegal (BP operator 62% in Mauritania and 60% in Senegal).

On 8 January, BP announced sanction of Atlantis Phase 3 development (BP operator 56% and BHP 44%) in US Gulf of Mexico. In addition, two oil discoveries were also announced: Manuel (BP operator 50% and Shell 50%) and Nearly Headless Nick (LLOG operator 26.84%, BP 20.25% and other partners) in the Gulf of Mexico.

On 14 January, BP and Eni signed a heads of agreement with the Ministry of Oil and Gas of the Sultanate of Oman to work jointly towards the award of a new exploration and production-sharing agreement (EPSA) for Block 77 in central Oman (Eni operator 50% and BP 50%).

 

Outlook

We expect full-year 2019 underlying production to be higher than 2018 due to major projects. The actual reported outcome will depend on the exact timing of project start-ups, acquisition and divestment activities, OPEC quotas and entitlement impacts in our production-sharing agreements*.

We expect first-quarter 2019 reported production to be flat with fourth-quarter 2018 with divestments of assets in the North Sea and Alaska and turnaround and maintenance activities mainly in the high margin Gulf of Mexico region, offset by major project start-ups and the benefit of the BHP assets acquired by BPX Energy.

 

The commentary above contains forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement on page 36.

 

 

Top of page 7

Upstream (continued)

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,400

 

1,025

 

629

 

 

3,693

 

1,238

 

Non-US

 

2,486

 

2,974

 

1,594

 

 

10,857

 

4,627

 

 

 

3,886

 

3,999

 

2,223

 

 

14,550

 

5,865

 

Non-operating items

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US(a)(b)

 

(267

)

(149

)

(187

)

 

(590

)

(330

)

Non-US(c)

 

403

 

(93

)

43

 

 

407

 

(341

)

 

 

136

 

(242

)

(144

)

 

(183

)

(671

)

Fair value accounting effects

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

127

 

(10

)

8

 

 

(35

)

192

 

Non-US

 

19

 

(275

)

(159

)

 

(4

)

(165

)

 

 

146

 

(285

)

(151

)

 

(39

)

27

 

RC profit before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,260

 

866

 

450

 

 

3,068

 

1,100

 

Non-US

 

2,908

 

2,606

 

1,478

 

 

11,260

 

4,121

 

 

 

4,168

 

3,472

 

1,928

 

 

14,328

 

5,221

 

Exploration expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US(b)

 

84

 

39

 

27

 

 

509

 

282

 

Non-US(d)

 

373

 

271

 

494

 

 

936

 

1,798

 

 

 

457

 

310

 

521

 

 

1,445

 

2,080

 

 

351

 

227

 

372

 

 

1,085

 

1,603

 

Production (net of royalties)(e)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liquids* (mb/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

495

 

424

 

430

 

 

445

 

426

 

Europe

 

154

 

128

 

117

 

 

142

 

119

 

Rest of World

 

673

 

663

 

796

 

 

681

 

811

 

 

 

1,321

 

1,216

 

1,344

 

 

1,268

 

1,356

 

Natural gas (mmcf/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

2,255

 

1,805

 

1,759

 

 

1,900

 

1,659

 

Europe

 

215

 

212

 

186

 

 

211

 

235

 

Rest of World

 

5,104

 

5,201

 

5,231

 

 

5,263

 

4,543

 

 

 

7,574

 

7,218

 

7,176

 

 

7,374

 

6,436

 

Total hydrocarbons* (mboe/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

884

 

736

 

734

 

 

772

 

712

 

Europe

 

191

 

165

 

150

 

 

179

 

160

 

Rest of World

 

1,553

 

1,560

 

1,698

 

 

1,589

 

1,594

 

 

 

2,627

 

2,460

 

2,581

 

 

2,539

 

2,466

 

Average realizations*(f)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liquids(g) ($/bbl)

 

61.80

 

69.68

 

56.16

 

 

64.98

 

49.92

 

Natural gas ($/mcf)

 

4.33

 

3.86

 

3.23

 

 

3.92

 

3.19

 

Total hydrocarbons ($/boe)

 

42.98

 

46.14

 

37.48

 

 

43.47

 

35.38

 

(a)       Fourth quarter and full year 2017 include an impairment charge relating to BPX Energy (previously known as the US Lower 48 business), partially offset by gains associated with asset divestments.

(b)       Full year 2018 and full year 2017 include the write-off of $124 million and $145 million respectively in relation to the value ascribed to certain licences in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico as part of the accounting for the acquisition of upstream assets from Devon Energy in 2011. This has been classified within the 'other' category of non-operating items.

(c)       Fourth quarter and full year 2018 include an impairment reversal for assets in the North Sea and Angola. Fourth quarter and full year 2017 include BP's share of an impairment reversal recognized by the Angola LNG equity-accounted entity, partially offset by other items. In addition, full year 2017 includes an impairment charge arising following the announcement of the agreement to sell the Forties Pipeline System business to INEOS.

(d)       Full year 2017 predominantly relates to the write-off of exploration well and lease costs in Angola. Full year 2017 also includes the write-off of exploration well costs in Egypt.

(e)       Includes BP's share of production of equity-accounted entities in the Upstream segment.

(f)        Realizations are based on sales by consolidated subsidiaries only - this excludes equity-accounted entities.

(g)       Includes condensate, natural gas liquids and bitumen.

 

Because of rounding, some totals may not agree exactly with the sum of their component parts.

 

 

Top of page 8

Downstream

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

(332

)

2,592

 

2,492

 

 

6,078

 

7,979

 

Inventory holding (gains) losses*

 

2,470

 

(343

)

(719

)

 

862

 

(758

)

RC profit before interest and tax

 

2,138

 

2,249

 

1,773

 

 

6,940

 

7,221

 

Net (favourable) adverse impact of non-operating items* and fair value accounting effects*

 

31

 

(138

)

(299

)

 

621

 

(254

)

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax*(a)

 

2,169

 

2,111

 

1,474

 

 

7,561

 

6,967

 

(a)       See page 9 for a reconciliation to segment RC profit before interest and tax by region and by business.

 

Financial results

The replacement cost profit before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $2,138 million and $6,940 million respectively, compared with $1,773 million and $7,221 million for the same periods in 2017.

The fourth quarter and full year include a net non-operating charge of $401 million and $716 million respectively, compared with a gain of $382 million and $389 million for the same periods in 2017. Fair value accounting effects had a favourable impact of $370 million in the fourth quarter and $95 million for the full year, compared with an adverse impact of $83 million and $135 million for the same periods in 2017.

After adjusting for non-operating items and fair value accounting effects, the underlying replacement cost profit before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $2,169 million and $7,561 million respectively, compared with $1,474 million and $6,967 million for the same periods in 2017.

Replacement cost profit before interest and tax for the fuels, lubricants and petrochemicals businesses is set out on page 9.

 

Fuels

The fuels business reported an underlying replacement cost profit before interest and tax of $1,624 million for the fourth quarter and $5,642 million for the full year, compared with $976 million and $4,872 million for the same periods in 2017.

Strong fuels marketing earnings growth for the quarter and full year reflects the benefits from our strategic improvement programmes, enabling improved margin capture and supply chain optimization. Our convenience partnership model is now in around 1,400 sites across our network, with more than 460 sites in Germany with our REWE to Go offer. We also continue to grow in Mexico, with 440 BP-branded retail sites at year end, and in the quarter we opened our first retail sites in Indonesia.

The higher refining result for the full year reflects increased commercial optimization and strong operations, which in North America allowed us to capture the benefits from higher North American heavy crude oil discounts, net of pipeline capacity apportionment impacts. These factors were partially offset by lower industry refining margins and a higher level of turnaround activity.

In addition, the contribution from supply and trading for the full year was lower than last year, although the result for the quarter was slightly higher than in the previous year.

 

Lubricants

The lubricants business reported an underlying replacement cost profit before interest and tax of $311 million for the fourth quarter and $1,292 million for the full year, compared with $375 million and $1,479 million for the same periods in 2017. The result for the quarter and full year reflects continued premium brand growth, more than offset by the adverse lag impact of increasing base oil prices, as well as adverse foreign exchange rate movements. Volumes in the fourth quarter were lower due to a planned systems implementation.

 

Petrochemicals

The petrochemicals business reported an underlying replacement cost profit before interest and tax of $234 million for the fourth quarter and $627 million for the full year, compared with $123 million and $616 million for the same periods in 2017. The result for the quarter and full year reflects an improved margin environment, increased margin optimization and continued strong cost management. The result for the full year was higher than last year despite the divestment of our interest in the SECCO joint venture in 2017 and a higher level of turnaround activity in 2018.

In the quarter we signed a heads of agreement with SOCAR Turkey to evaluate the creation of a joint venture to build and operate the largest integrated PTA, PX and aromatics complex in the western hemisphere.

 

Outlook

Looking to the first quarter of 2019, we expect significantly lower industry refining margins and narrower North American heavy crude oil discounts.

 

 

The commentary above contains forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement on page 36.

 

 

 

Top of page 9

Downstream (continued)

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax - by region

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

995

 

835

 

501

 

 

2,818

 

1,978

 

Non-US

 

1,174

 

1,276

 

973

 

 

4,743

 

4,989

 

 

 

2,169

 

2,111

 

1,474

 

 

7,561

 

6,967

 

Non-operating items

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

(109

)

(14

)

(25

)

 

(295

)

(48

)

Non-US(a)

 

(292

)

(23

)

407

 

 

(421

)

437

 

 

 

(401

)

(37

)

382

 

 

(716

)

389

 

Fair value accounting effects(b)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

184

 

81

 

3

 

 

(155

)

(29

)

Non-US

 

186

 

94

 

(86

)

 

250

 

(106

)

 

 

370

 

175

 

(83

)

 

95

 

(135

)

RC profit before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,070

 

902

 

479

 

 

2,368

 

1,901

 

Non-US

 

1,068

 

1,347

 

1,294

 

 

4,572

 

5,320

 

 

 

2,138

 

2,249

 

1,773

 

 

6,940

 

7,221

 

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax - by business(c)(d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fuels

 

1,624

 

1,566

 

976

 

 

5,642

 

4,872

 

Lubricants

 

311

 

324

 

375

 

 

1,292

 

1,479

 

Petrochemicals

 

234

 

221

 

123

 

 

627

 

616

 

 

 

2,169

 

2,111

 

1,474

 

 

7,561

 

6,967

 

Non-operating items and fair value accounting effects(b)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fuels

 

173

 

140

 

(202

)

 

(381

)

(193

)

Lubricants

 

(198

)

-

 

(14

)

 

(227

)

(22

)

Petrochemicals

 

(6

)

(2

)

515

 

 

(13

)

469

 

 

 

(31

)

138

 

299

 

 

(621

)

254

 

RC profit before interest and tax(c)(d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fuels

 

1,797

 

1,706

 

774

 

 

5,261

 

4,679

 

Lubricants

 

113

 

324

 

361

 

 

1,065

 

1,457

 

Petrochemicals

 

228

 

219

 

638

 

 

614

 

1,085

 

 

 

2,138

 

2,249

 

1,773

 

 

6,940

 

7,221

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BP average refining marker margin (RMM)* ($/bbl)

 

11.0

 

14.7

 

14.4

 

 

13.1

 

14.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Refinery throughputs (mb/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

691

 

740

 

714

 

 

703

 

713

 

Europe

 

735

 

805

 

741

 

 

781

 

773

 

Rest of World

 

240

 

248

 

243

 

 

241

 

216

 

 

 

1,666

 

1,793

 

1,698

 

 

1,725

 

1,702

 

 

95.2

 

96.3

 

96.1

 

 

94.9

 

95.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketing sales of refined products (mb/d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,138

 

1,169

 

1,127

 

 

1,141

 

1,151

 

Europe

 

1,053

 

1,166

 

1,132

 

 

1,100

 

1,140

 

Rest of World

 

526

 

497

 

542

 

 

495

 

508

 

 

 

2,717

 

2,832

 

2,801

 

 

2,736

 

2,799

 

Trading/supply sales of refined products

 

3,199

 

3,147

 

3,549

 

 

3,194

 

3,149

 

Total sales volumes of refined products

 

5,916

 

5,979

 

6,350

 

 

5,930

 

5,948

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Petrochemicals production (kte)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

672

 

660

 

641

 

 

2,235

 

2,428

 

Europe

 

1,037

 

1,209

 

1,559

 

 

4,468

 

5,462

 

Rest of World

 

1,259

 

1,146

 

1,306

 

 

5,154

 

7,405

 

 

 

2,968

 

3,015

 

3,506

 

 

11,857

 

15,295

 

(a)       Fourth quarter and full year 2017 gain primarily reflects the disposal of our shareholding in the SECCO joint venture.

(b)       For Downstream, fair value accounting effects arise solely in the fuels business. See page 29 for further information.

(c)       Segment-level overhead expenses are included in the fuels business result.

(d)       Results from petrochemicals at our Gelsenkirchen and Mülheim sites in Germany are reported in the fuels business.

 

 

Top of page 10

Rosneft

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018(a)

2018

2017

 

2018(a)

2017

Profit before interest and tax(b)(c)

 

308

 

835

 

418

 

 

2,288

 

923

 

Inventory holding (gains) losses*

 

92

 

(27

)

(97

)

 

(67

)

(87

)

RC profit before interest and tax

 

400

 

808

 

321

 

 

2,221

 

836

 

Net charge (credit) for non-operating items*

 

31

 

64

 

-

 

 

95

 

-

 

Underlying RC profit before interest and tax*

 

431

 

872

 

321

 

 

2,316

 

836

 

 

Financial results

Replacement cost (RC) profit before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $400 million and $2,221 million respectively, compared with $321 million and $836 million for the same periods in 2017.

After adjusting for non-operating items, the underlying RC profit before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $431 million and $2,316 million respectively. There were no non-operating items in the fourth quarter or full year of 2017.

Compared with the same periods in 2017, the results for the fourth quarter and full year were primarily affected by higher oil prices and favourable foreign exchange, partially offset by adverse duty lag effects.

In September the extraordinary general meeting adopted a resolution to pay interim dividends for the first half of 2018 of 14.58 Russian roubles per ordinary share. In October BP received a dividend of $420 million, after the deduction of withholding tax.

Key events

In September Rosneft and BP agreed to jointly explore two additional oil and gas licence areas located in the Sakha (Yakutia) republic of the Russian Federation. In December the first closing of the deal was completed with LLC Yermakneftegaz, a 51:49 joint venture between Rosneft and BP, acquiring a subsidiary company from Rosneft. The transfer of licences to the subsidiary, subject to external approvals, is expected in 2019.

In December the re-issue was completed of the Kharampurskoe and Festivalnoe subsoil-use licences to LLC Kharampurneftegaz, in which Rosneft and BP own 51% and 49% interests respectively.

BP's interests in LLC Yermakneftegaz and LLC Kharampurneftegaz are reported through the Upstream segment.

 

 

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

 

 

2018(a)

2018

2017

 

2018(a)

2017

Production (net of royalties) (BP share)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liquids* (mb/d)

 

946

 

933

 

899

 

 

923

 

904

 

Natural gas (mmcf/d)

 

1,312

 

1,260

 

1,333

 

 

1,285

 

1,308

 

Total hydrocarbons* (mboe/d)

 

1,173

 

1,151

 

1,129

 

 

1,144

 

1,129

 

(a)       The operational and financial information of the Rosneft segment for the fourth quarter and full year is based on preliminary operational and financial results of Rosneft for the full year ended 31 December 2018. Actual results may differ from these amounts.

(b)       The Rosneft segment result includes equity-accounted earnings arising from BP's 19.75% shareholding in Rosneft as adjusted for the accounting required under IFRS relating to BP's purchase of its interest in Rosneft and the amortization of the deferred gain relating to the divestment of BP's interest in TNK-BP. These adjustments increase the segment's reported profit before interest and tax, as shown in the table above, compared with the amounts reported in Rosneft's IFRS financial statements.

(c)       BP's adjusted share of Rosneft's earnings after Rosneft's own finance costs, taxation and non-controlling interests is included in the BP group income statement within profit before interest and taxation. For each year-to-date period it is calculated by translating the amounts reported in Russian roubles into US dollars using the average exchange rate for the year to date.

 

 

Top of page 11

Other businesses and corporate

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gulf of Mexico oil spill - business economic loss claims

 

(26

)

(69

)

(2,110

)

 

(344

)

(2,370

)

Gulf of Mexico oil spill - other

 

(41

)

(59

)

(111

)

 

(370

)

(317

)

Other

 

(1,043

)

(687

)

(612

)

 

(2,807

)

(1,758

)

Profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

(1,110

)

(815

)

(2,833

)

 

(3,521

)

(4,445

)

Inventory holding (gains) losses*

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

-

 

RC profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

(1,110

)

(815

)

(2,833

)

 

(3,521

)

(4,445

)

Net charge (credit) for non-operating items*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gulf of Mexico oil spill - business economic loss claims

 

26

 

69

 

2,110

 

 

344

 

2,370

 

Gulf of Mexico oil spill - other

 

41

 

59

 

111

 

 

370

 

317

 

Other

 

699

 

342

 

218

 

 

1,249

 

160

 

Net charge (credit) for non-operating items

 

766

 

470

 

2,439

 

 

1,963

 

2,847

 

Underlying RC profit (loss) before interest and tax*

 

(344

)

(345

)

(394

)

 

(1,558

)

(1,598

)

Underlying RC profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

(179

)

(166

)

(29

)

 

(615

)

(475

)

Non-US

 

(165

)

(179

)

(365

)

 

(943

)

(1,123

)

 

 

(344

)

(345

)

(394

)

 

(1,558

)

(1,598

)

Non-operating items

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

(654

)

(438

)

(2,381

)

 

(1,738

)

(2,861

)

Non-US

 

(112

)

(32

)

(58

)

 

(225

)

14

 

 

 

(766

)

(470

)

(2,439

)

 

(1,963

)

(2,847

)

RC profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

(833

)

(604

)

(2,410

)

 

(2,353

)

(3,336

)

Non-US

 

(277

)

(211

)

(423

)

 

(1,168

)

(1,109

)

 

 

(1,110

)

(815

)

(2,833

)

 

(3,521

)

(4,445

)

Other businesses and corporate comprises our alternative energy business, shipping, treasury, corporate activities including centralized functions, and the costs of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill.

Financial results

The replacement cost loss before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $1,110 million and $3,521 million respectively, compared with $2,833 million and $4,445 million for the same periods in 2017.

The results included a net non-operating charge of $766 million for the fourth quarter and $1,963 million for the full year, primarily relating to the costs for the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, environmental and other provisions, impairments and restructuring costs, compared with a charge of $2,439 million and $2,847 million for the same periods in 2017. See Note 2 on page 19 for more information on the Gulf of Mexico oil spill.

After adjusting for non-operating items, the underlying replacement cost loss before interest and tax for the fourth quarter and full year was $344 million and $1,558 million respectively, compared with $394 million and $1,598 million for the same periods in 2017.

Alternative Energy

The net ethanol-equivalent production (which includes ethanol and sugar) for the fourth quarter and full year was 144 million litres and 765 million litres respectively, compared with 188 million litres and 776 million litres for the same periods in 2017. In the fourth quarter formal approvals were received for the Opla ethanol logistics JV with Copersucar, which is now established and operating well.

Net wind generation capacity was 1,001MW at 31 December 2018, compared with 1,432MW at 31 December 2017. BP's net share of wind generation for the fourth quarter and full year was 933GWh and 3,821GWh respectively, compared with 1,148GWh and 4,004GWh for the same periods in 2017. In 2018 we divested three of our wind facilities in Texas. We intend to focus on optimizing and investing in upgrades to our remaining sites, enabling us to continue to grow a wind energy business that we believe is sustainable for the long term.

In December, BP's strategic solar partnership with Lightsource BP (BP 43%) reached its first anniversary. In that time, Lightsource BP has doubled its global footprint, with a presence now in 10 countries. Most recently the company announced it would enter Brazil, leveraging BP's relationships and existing operations to fund, develop and operate solar projects locally. Also during the fourth quarter, Lightsource BP was awarded a 105MW power purchase agreement (PPA) in New South Wales, Australia and PPAs totalling 25MW in California and New Mexico in the US. In the UK, Lightsource BP also announced that it will power AB InBev's manufacturing plants through an innovative 100MW PPA.

Outlook

In 2019, Other businesses and corporate average quarterly charges, excluding non-operating items, are expected to be around $350 million although this will fluctuate quarter to quarter.

The commentary above contains forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement on page 36.

 

 

Top of page 12

Financial statements

 

Group income statement

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales and other operating revenues (Note 5)

 

75,677

 

79,468

 

67,816

 

 

298,756

 

240,208

 

Earnings from joint ventures - after interest and tax

 

236

 

148

 

581

 

 

897

 

1,177

 

Earnings from associates - after interest and tax

 

425

 

990

 

526

 

 

2,856

 

1,330

 

Interest and other income

 

295

 

154

 

223

 

 

773

 

657

 

Gains on sale of businesses and fixed assets

 

252

 

43

 

876

 

 

456

 

1,210

 

Total revenues and other income

 

76,885

 

80,803

 

70,022

 

 

303,738

 

244,582

 

Purchases

 

59,019

 

60,923

 

51,745

 

 

229,878

 

179,716

 

Production and manufacturing expenses(a)

 

6,173

 

5,879

 

7,759

 

 

23,005

 

24,229

 

Production and similar taxes (Note 7)

 

186

 

451

 

511

 

 

1,536

 

1,775

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization (Note 6)

 

3,987

 

3,728

 

4,045

 

 

15,457

 

15,584

 

Impairment and losses on sale of businesses and fixed assets

 

244

 

548

 

604

 

 

860

 

1,216

 

Exploration expense

 

457

 

310

 

521

 

 

1,445

 

2,080

 

Distribution and administration expenses

 

3,655

 

2,801

 

2,981

 

 

12,179

 

10,508

 

Profit (loss) before interest and taxation

 

3,164

 

6,163

 

1,856

 

 

19,378

 

9,474

 

Finance costs(a)

 

742

 

698

 

616

 

 

2,528

 

2,074

 

Net finance expense relating to pensions and other post-retirement benefits

 

34

 

31

 

58

 

 

127

 

220

 

Profit (loss) before taxation

 

2,388

 

5,434

 

1,182

 

 

16,723

 

7,180

 

Taxation(a)

 

1,617

 

2,031

 

1,119

 

 

7,145

 

3,712

 

Profit (loss) for the period

 

771

 

3,403

 

63

 

 

9,578

 

3,468

 

Attributable to

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BP shareholders

 

766

 

3,349

 

27

 

 

9,383

 

3,389

 

Non-controlling interests

 

5

 

54

 

36

 

 

195

 

79

 

 

 

771

 

3,403

 

63

 

 

9,578

 

3,468

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share (Note 8)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit (loss) for the period attributable to BP shareholders

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Per ordinary share (cents)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

3.83

 

16.74

 

0.14

 

 

46.98

 

17.20

 

Diluted

 

3.80

 

16.65

 

0.14

 

 

46.67

 

17.10

 

Per ADS (dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

0.23

 

1.00

 

0.01

 

 

2.82

 

1.03

 

Diluted

 

0.23

 

1.00

 

0.01

 

 

2.80

 

1.03

 

(a)       See Note 2 for information on the impact of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill on these income statement line items.

 

 

Top of page 13

Condensed group statement of comprehensive income

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit (loss) for the period

 

771

 

3,403

 

63

 

 

9,578

 

3,468

 

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Currency translation differences

 

(937

)

(753

)

264

 

 

(3,771

)

1,986

 

Exchange (gains) losses on translation of foreign operations reclassified to gain or loss on sale of businesses and fixed assets

 

-

 

-

 

(138

)

 

-

 

(120

)

Available-for-sale investments

 

-

 

-

 

11

 

 

-

 

14

 

Cash flow hedges and costs of hedging

 

(68

)

65

 

50

 

 

(192

)

425

 

Share of items relating to equity-accounted entities, net of tax

 

200

 

95

 

133

 

 

417

 

564

 

Income tax relating to items that may be reclassified

 

33

 

9

 

(16

)

 

4

 

(196

)

 

 

(772

)

(584

)

304

 

 

(3,542

)

2,673

 

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Remeasurements of the net pension and other post-retirement benefit liability or asset

 

(651

)

389

 

1,599

 

 

2,317

 

3,646

 

Cash flow hedges that will subsequently be transferred to the balance sheet

 

(8

)

(7

)

-

 

 

(37

)

-

 

Income tax relating to items that will not be reclassified

 

223

 

(119

)

(604

)

 

(718

)

(1,303

)

 

 

(436

)

263

 

995

 

 

1,562

 

2,343

 

Other comprehensive income

 

(1,208

)

(321

)

1,299

 

 

(1,980

)

5,016

 

Total comprehensive income

 

(437

)

3,082

 

1,362

 

 

7,598

 

8,484

 

Attributable to

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BP shareholders

 

(444

)

3,040

 

1,312

 

 

7,444

 

8,353

 

Non-controlling interests

 

7

 

42

 

50

 

 

154

 

131

 

 

 

(437

)

3,082

 

1,362

 

 

7,598

 

8,484

 

 

 

Top of page 14

Condensed group statement of changes in equity

 

 

BP shareholders'

Non-controlling

Total

$ million

 

equity

interests

equity

At 31 December 2017

 

98,491

 

1,913

 

100,404

 

Adjustment on adoption of IFRS 9, net of tax(a)

 

(180

)

-

 

(180

)

At 1 January 2018

 

98,311

 

1,913

 

100,224

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

 

7,444

 

154

 

7,598

 

Dividends

 

(6,699

)

(170

)

(6,869

)

Cash flow hedges transferred to the balance sheet, net of tax

 

26

 

-

 

26

 

Repurchase of ordinary share capital

 

(355

)

-

 

(355

)

Share-based payments, net of tax

 

703

 

-

 

703

 

Share of equity-accounted entities' changes in equity, net of tax

 

14

 

-

 

14

 

Transactions involving non-controlling interests, net of tax

 

-

 

207

 

207

 

At 31 December 2018

 

99,444

 

2,104

 

101,548

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BP shareholders'

Non-controlling

Total

$ million

 

equity

interests

equity

 

 

 

 

 

At 1 January 2017

 

95,286

 

1,557

 

96,843

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

 

8,353

 

131

 

8,484

 

Dividends

 

(6,153

)

(141

)

(6,294

)

Repurchase of ordinary share capital

 

(343

)

-

 

(343

)

Share-based payments, net of tax

 

687

 

-

 

687

 

Share of equity-accounted entities' changes in equity, net of tax

 

215

 

-

 

215

 

Transactions involving non-controlling interests, net of tax

 

446

 

366

 

812

 

At 31 December 2017

 

98,491

 

1,913

 

100,404

 

(a)              See Note 1 for further information.

 

 

Top of page 15

Group balance sheet

 

 

31 December

31 December

$ million

 

2018

2017

Non-current assets

 

 

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

135,261

 

129,471

 

Goodwill

 

12,204

 

11,551

 

Intangible assets

 

17,284

 

18,355

 

Investments in joint ventures

 

8,647

 

7,994

 

Investments in associates

 

17,673

 

16,991

 

Other investments

 

1,341

 

1,245

 

Fixed assets

 

192,410

 

185,607

 

Loans

 

637

 

646

 

Trade and other receivables

 

1,834

 

1,434

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

5,145

 

4,110

 

Prepayments

 

1,179

 

1,112

 

Deferred tax assets

 

3,706

 

4,469

 

Defined benefit pension plan surpluses

 

5,955

 

4,169

 

 

 

210,866

 

201,547

 

Current assets

 

 

 

Loans

 

326

 

190

 

Inventories

 

17,988

 

19,011

 

Trade and other receivables

 

24,478

 

24,849

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

3,846

 

3,032

 

Prepayments

 

963

 

1,414

 

Current tax receivable

 

1,019

 

761

 

Other investments

 

222

 

125

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

22,468

 

25,586

 

 

 

71,310

 

74,968

 

Total assets

 

282,176

 

276,515

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

Trade and other payables

 

46,265

 

44,209

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

3,308

 

2,808

 

Accruals

 

4,626

 

4,960

 

Finance debt

 

9,373

 

7,739

 

Current tax payable

 

2,101

 

1,686

 

Provisions

 

2,564

 

3,324

 

 

 

68,237

 

64,726

 

Non-current liabilities

 

 

 

Other payables

 

13,830

 

13,889

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

5,625

 

3,761

 

Accruals

 

575

 

505

 

Finance debt

 

56,426

 

55,491

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

9,812

 

7,982

 

Provisions

 

17,732

 

20,620

 

Defined benefit pension plan and other post-retirement benefit plan deficits

 

8,391

 

9,137

 

 

 

112,391

 

111,385

 

Total liabilities

 

180,628

 

176,111

 

Net assets

 

101,548

 

100,404

 

Equity

 

 

 

BP shareholders' equity

 

99,444

 

98,491

 

Non-controlling interests

 

2,104

 

1,913

 

Total equity

 

101,548

 

100,404

 

 

 

Top of page 16

Condensed group cash flow statement

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit (loss) before taxation

 

2,388

 

5,434

 

1,182

 

 

16,723

 

7,180

 

Adjustments to reconcile profit (loss) before taxation to net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization and exploration expenditure written off

 

4,338

 

3,955

 

4,417

 

 

16,542

 

17,187

 

Impairment and (gain) loss on sale of businesses and fixed assets

 

(8

)

505

 

(272

)

 

404

 

6

 

Earnings from equity-accounted entities, less dividends received

 

(30

)

(664

)

(820

)

 

(2,218

)

(1,254

)

Net charge for interest and other finance expense, less net interest paid

 

222

 

114

 

294

 

 

607

 

793

 

Share-based payments

 

126

 

160

 

166

 

 

690

 

661

 

Net operating charge for pensions and other post-retirement benefits, less contributions and benefit payments for unfunded plans

 

(60

)

(62

)

(215

)

 

(386

)

(394

)

Net charge for provisions, less payments

 

617

 

145

 

2,244

 

 

986

 

2,106

 

Movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities

 

778

 

(1,573

)

(60

)

 

(4,763

)

(3,352

)

Income taxes paid

 

(1,542

)

(1,922

)

(1,033

)

 

(5,712

)

(4,002

)

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

6,829

 

6,092

 

5,903

 

 

22,873

 

18,931

 

Investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenditure on property, plant and equipment, intangible and other assets

 

(5,962

)

(3,675

)

(4,422

)

 

(16,707

)

(16,562

)

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

 

(6,379

)

(606

)

(16

)

 

(6,986

)

(327

)

Investment in joint ventures

 

(290

)

(35

)

(15

)

 

(382

)

(50

)

Investment in associates

 

(265

)

(88

)

(368

)

 

(1,013

)

(901

)

Total cash capital expenditure

 

(12,896

)

(4,404

)

(4,821

)

 

(25,088

)

(17,840

)

Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets

 

660

 

90

 

2,287

 

 

940

 

2,936

 

Proceeds from disposal of businesses, net of cash disposed

 

1,758

 

26

 

173

 

 

1,911

 

478

 

Proceeds from loan repayments

 

619

 

14

 

8

 

 

666

 

349

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(9,859

)

(4,274

)

(2,353

)

 

(21,571

)

(14,077

)

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net issue (repurchase) of shares

 

(16

)

(139

)

(343

)

 

(355

)

(343

)

Proceeds from long-term financing

 

2,118

 

5,888

 

201

 

 

9,038

 

8,712

 

Repayments of long-term financing

 

(1,806

)

(2,521

)

(2,657

)

 

(7,210

)

(6,276

)

Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt

 

889

 

485

 

(297

)

 

1,317

 

(158

)

Net increase (decrease) in non-controlling interests

 

-

 

1

 

982

 

 

-

 

1,063

 

Dividends paid - BP shareholders

 

(1,733

)

(1,410

)

(1,627

)

 

(6,699

)

(6,153

)

 - non-controlling interests

 

(41

)

(59

)

(32

)

 

(170

)

(141

)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(589

)

2,245

 

(3,773

)

 

(4,079

)

(3,296

)

Currency translation differences relating to cash and cash equivalents

 

(105

)

(56

)

29

 

 

(330

)

544

 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

(3,724

)

4,007

 

(194

)

 

(3,107

)

2,102

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period(a)

 

26,192

 

22,185

 

25,780

 

 

25,575

 

23,484

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

22,468

 

26,192

 

25,586

 

 

22,468

 

25,586

 

(a)       See Note 1 for further information.

 

 

Top of page 17

Notes

 

 

Note 1. Basis of preparation

 

The results for the interim periods and for the year ended 31 December 2018 are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for each period. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. This report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year ended 31 December 2017 included in BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017.

BP prepares its consolidated financial statements included within BP Annual Report and Form 20-F on the basis of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), IFRS as adopted by the European Union (EU) and in accordance with the provisions of the UK Companies Act 2006. IFRS as adopted by the EU differs in certain respects from IFRS as issued by the IASB. The differences have no impact on the group's consolidated financial statements for the periods presented.

The financial information presented herein has been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies expected to be used in preparing BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2018, which are the same as those used in preparing BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017 with the exception of the implementation of IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments' and IFRS 15 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers' from 1 January 2018.

 

New International Financial Reporting Standards adopted

BP adopted IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments' and IFRS 15 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers' with effect from 1 January 2018. Information on the implementation of new accounting standards is included in BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017 - Financial statements - Note 1 Significant accounting policies, judgements, estimates and assumptions - Impact of new International Financial Reporting Standards.

IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments'

IFRS 9 provides a single classification and measurement approach for financial assets that reflects the business model in which they are managed and their cash flow characteristics. The group's financial assets are classified as measured at amortized cost, fair value through profit or loss, or fair value through other comprehensive income. Investments in equity instruments are classified as measured at fair value through profit or loss unless the group elects, on an instrument-by-instrument basis, on initial recognition to recognize fair value gains and losses in other comprehensive income. The adoption of IFRS 9 did not have a significant effect on the group's accounting policies relating to financial liabilities.

Under IFRS 9, impairments of financial assets classified as measured at amortized cost are recognized on an expected loss basis which incorporates forward-looking information when assessing credit risk. Movements in the expected loss reserve are recognized in profit or loss.

Under IFRS 9, fair value movements on the time value and cross currency basis spreads of certain hedging instruments are initially recognized in equity to the extent that they relate to the hedged item. Previously these were recognized in the income statement. In addition where the gain or loss on cash flow hedging instruments initially reported in other comprehensive income is transferred to the initial carrying amount of a non-financial asset or liability this is no longer presented as a reclassification adjustment. Instead the transfer to the balance sheet is presented in the statement of changes in equity.

The overall impact on transition to IFRS 9, including the impact upon the group's share of equity-accounted entities, was a reduction of $180 million in net assets, net of tax. This adjustment mainly related to an increase in the credit reserve of financial assets in the scope of IFRS 9's impairment requirements. As permitted by IFRS 9 comparatives were not restated. For certain line items in the balance sheet the closing balance at 31 December 2017 and the opening balance at 1 January 2018 therefore differ (as summarized below). Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of 2018 in the Condensed group cash flow statement and Note 10 (Net debt) are the 1 January 2018 amounts included in the table below.

 

 

 

 

Adjustment

 

 

31 December

1 January

on adoption

$ million

 

2017

2018

of IFRS 9

Non-current

 

 

 

 

Investments in equity-accounted entities

 

24,985

 

24,903

 

(82

)

Loans, trade and other receivables

 

2,080

 

2,069

 

(11

)

Deferred tax liabilities

 

(7,982

)

(7,946

)

36

 

Current

 

 

 

 

Loans, trade and other receivables

 

25,039

 

24,927

 

(112

)

Cash and cash equivalents

 

25,586

 

25,575

 

(11

)

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets

 

100,404

 

100,224

 

(180

)

 

 

Top of page 18

Note 1. Basis of preparation (continued)

IFRS 15 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers'

Under IFRS 15, revenue from contracts with customers is recognized as or when the group satisfies a performance obligation by transferring a promised good or service to a customer. A good or service is transferred when the customer obtains control of that good or service. The transfer of control of oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids, LNG, petroleum and chemical products, and other items sold by the group usually coincides with title passing to the customer and the customer taking physical possession. The group principally satisfies its performance obligations at a point in time and the amounts of revenue recognized relating to performance obligations satisfied over time are not significant. The accounting for revenue under IFRS 15 does not, therefore, represent a substantive change from the group's previous practice for recognizing revenue from sales to customers.

BP elected to apply the 'modified retrospective' approach to transition permitted by IFRS 15 under which comparative financial information is not restated. Certain changes in accounting arising from the implementation of IFRS 15 were identified but the standard did not have a material effect on the group's financial statements as at 1 January 2018 and so no transition adjustment was made. The implementation of the standard has also not had a material effect on the group's results for the year ended 31 December  2018 compared to those that would have been reported under the group's previous accounting policy for revenue.

An analysis of revenue from contracts with customers by product is presented in Note 5. Amounts presented for comparative periods in 2017 include revenues determined in accordance with the group's previous accounting policies relating to revenue. The total amounts presented do not, therefore, represent the revenue from contracts with customers that would have been reported for those periods had IFRS 15 been applied using a fully retrospective approach to transition but the differences are not significant.

 

Change in significant estimate - decommissioning provision

Decommissioning provision cost estimates are reviewed regularly and a review was undertaken in the second quarter of 2018. The timing and amount of estimated future expenditures were re-assessed and discounted to determine the present value. From 30 June 2018 the present value of the decommissioning provision is determined by discounting the estimated cash flows expressed in expected future prices, i.e. taking account of expected inflation, at a nominal discount rate of 2.5% as at 30 June 2018. Prior to 30 June 2018, the group estimated future cash flows in real terms i.e. at current prices and discounted them using a real discount rate of 0.5% as at 31 December 2017.

The impact of the review was a reduction in the decommissioning provision of $1.5 billion as at 30 June 2018, with a similar reduction in the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment. There was no significant impact on the income statement for the first half of 2018. The impact on the income statement for the second half of 2018 was a decrease in depreciation, depletion and amortization of approximately $80 million and an increase in finance costs of approximately $80 million.

The nominal discount rate applied to provisions was revised at 31 December 2018 to 3.0%. The impact of this rate increase was a further $1.3 billion reduction in the decommissioning provision, with a similar reduction in the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment.

For further information on the group's accounting policy on significant estimates and judgements relating to provisions, see BP Annual Report and 20-F 2017 - Financial statements - Note 1 Significant accounting policies, estimates and assumptions.

 

 

Top of page 19

Note 2. Gulf of Mexico oil spill

 

(a) Overview

The information presented in this note should be read in conjunction with Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements and pages 270-272 of Legal proceedings included in BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017.

The group income statement includes a post-tax charge for the fourth quarter of $20 million relating to business economic loss (BEL) claims and $15 million relating to other claims and litigation. The group income statement also includes finance costs relating to the unwinding of discounting effects relating to payables.

The amounts set out below reflect the impacts on the consolidated financial statements of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill for the periods presented. The income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement impacts are included within the relevant line items in those statements as set out below.

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Income statement

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Production and manufacturing expenses

 

67

 

128

 

2,221

 

 

714

 

2,687

 

Profit (loss) before interest and taxation

 

(67

)

(128

)

(2,221

)

 

(714

)

(2,687

)

Finance costs

 

122

 

119

 

124

 

 

479

 

493

 

Profit (loss) before taxation

 

(189

)

(247

)

(2,345

)

 

(1,193

)

(3,180

)

Taxation

 

(8

)

15

 

(2,495

)

 

174

 

(2,222

)

Profit (loss) for the period

 

(197

)

(232

)

(4,840

)

 

(1,019

)

(5,402

)

 

The cumulative pre-tax income statement charge since the incident, in April 2010, amounts to $66,958 million.

 

 

 

31 December

31 December

$ million

 

2018

2017

Balance sheet

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

Trade and other receivables

 

214

 

252

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

Trade and other payables

 

(2,279

)

(2,089

)

Provisions

 

(333

)

(1,439

)

Net current assets (liabilities)

 

(2,398

)

(3,276

)

Non-current assets

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets

 

1,563

 

2,067

 

Non-current liabilities

 

 

 

Other payables

 

(11,922

)

(12,253

)

Provisions

 

(12

)

(1,141

)

Deferred tax liabilities

 

3,999

 

3,634

 

Net non-current assets (liabilities)

 

(6,372

)

(7,693

)

Net assets (liabilities)

 

(8,770

)

(10,969

)

 

 

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Cash flow statement - Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit (loss) before taxation

 

(189

)

(247

)

(2,345

)

 

(1,193

)

(3,180

)

Adjustments to reconcile profit (loss) before taxation to net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net charge for interest and other finance expense, less net interest paid

 

122

 

119

 

124

 

 

479

 

493

 

Net charge for provisions, less payments

 

32

 

106

 

2,181

 

 

240

 

2,542

 

Movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities

 

(238

)

(538

)

(413

)

 

(3,057

)

(5,191

)

Pre-tax cash flows

 

(273

)

(560

)

(453

)

 

(3,531

)

(5,336

)

 

 

Top of page 20

Note 2. Gulf of Mexico oil spill (continued)

Cash outflows in 2018 and 2017 include payments made under the 2012 agreement with the US government to resolve all federal criminal claims arising from the incident and the 2016 consent decree and settlement agreement with the United States and the five Gulf coast states. Net cash from operating activities relating to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, on a post-tax basis, amounted to an outflow of $272 million and $3,218 million in the fourth quarter and full year of 2018 respectively. For the same periods in 2017, the amount was an outflow of $284 million and $5,167 million respectively.

 

(b) Provisions and other payables

 

Provisions

Movements in the remaining provision, which relates to litigation and claims, for the fourth quarter are shown in the table below.

$ million

 

 

At 1 October 2018

 

389

 

Net increase in provision

 

45

 

Reclassified to other payables

 

(60

)

Utilization

 

(29

)

At 31 December 2018

 

345

 

 

Movements in the remaining provision, which relates to litigation and claims, for the full year are shown in the table below.

$ million

 

 

At 1 January 2018

 

2,580

 

Net increase in provision

 

629

 

Reclassified to other payables

 

(2,045

)

Utilization

 

(819

)

At 31 December 2018

 

345

 

 

The provision includes amounts for the future cost of resolving claims by individuals and businesses for damage to real or personal property, lost profits or impairment of earning capacity and loss of subsistence use of natural resources.

PSC settlement

Provisions and other payables include the latest estimate for the remaining costs associated with the 2012 Plaintiffs' Steering Committee (PSC) settlement. These costs relate predominantly to business economic loss (BEL) claims and associated administration costs. The amounts ultimately payable may differ from the amount provided and the timing of payments is uncertain.

The settlement programme's determination of BEL claims was substantially completed by the end of 2017 and remaining claims continued to be processed throughout 2018 with only a very small number of claims now remaining to be determined. Nevertheless, a significant number of BEL claims determined by the settlement programme have been and continue to be appealed by BP and/or the claimants.

As settlement agreements have been reached with claimants amounts payable have been reclassified from provisions to other payables. The remaining amount provided for includes the latest estimate of the amounts that are expected ultimately to be paid to resolve outstanding BEL claims. Claims under appeal will ultimately only be resolved once the full judicial appeals process has been concluded, including appeals to the Federal District Court and Fifth Circuit, as may be the case, or when settlements are reached with individual claimants. Depending upon the ultimate resolution of these claims, the amounts payable may differ from those currently provided.

Payments to resolve outstanding claims under the PSC settlement are expected to be made over a number of years. The timing of payments, however, is uncertain, and, in particular, will be impacted by how long it takes to resolve claims that have been appealed and may be appealed in the future.

 

Other payables

Other payables includes amounts payable under the consent decree and settlement agreement with the United States and the five Gulf coast states for natural resource damages, state claims and Clean Water Act penalties, and BP's remaining commitment to fund the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative.

Other payables also includes amounts payable for settled economic loss and property damage claims which are payable over a period of up to nine years.

Further information on provisions, other payables, and contingent liabilities is provided in BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017 - Financial statements - Note 2.

 

 

Top of page 21

 

Note 3. Business combinations

 

BP undertook a number of business combinations in 2018. For the full year, total consideration paid in cash amounted to $7,100 million, offset by cash acquired of $114 million. For the fourth quarter, total consideration paid in cash amounted to $6,485 million, offset by cash acquired of $106 million.

On 31 October 2018, BP acquired from BHP Billiton Petroleum (North America) Inc. 100% of the issued share capital of Petrohawk Energy Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of BHP that holds a portfolio of unconventional onshore US oil and gas assets.

The acquisition brings BP extensive oil and gas production and resources in the liquids-rich regions of the Permian and Eagle Ford basins in Texas and in the Haynesville gas basin in Texas and Louisiana.

The total consideration for the transaction, after customary closing adjustments and the effect of discounting deferred payments, is $10,302 million, which will all be paid in cash. As at 31 December 2018, $6,788 million of the consideration had been paid, including $525 million during the third quarter 2018 and $6,263 million during the fourth quarter 2018. The remaining discounted amount of $3,514 million is included within other payables on the group balance sheet and will be paid in four instalments, with the final instalment being paid in April 2019.

The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method. The provisional fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired, as at the date of acquisition, are shown in the table below. No goodwill has been recognized on the acquisition.

 

$ million

 

 

Assets

 

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

10,845

 

Intangible assets

 

21

 

Inventories

 

27

 

Trade and other receivables

 

493

 

Cash

 

104

 

Liabilities

 

 

Trade and other payables

 

(659

)

Provisions

 

(323

)

Non-controlling interest

 

(206

)

Total consideration

 

10,302

 

 

The acquisition-date fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired are provisional. As we gain further understanding of the acquired properties and development options, these fair values may be adjusted.

An analysis of the cash flows relating to the acquisition included within the cash flow statement for the full year 2018 is provided below.

 

 

 

Year

$ million

 

2018

Transaction costs of the acquisition (included in cash flows from operating activities)

 

62

 

Interest on deferred payments (included in cash flows from operating activities)

 

21

 

Cash consideration paid, net of cash acquired (included in cash flows from investing activities)

 

6,684

 

Total net cash outflow for the acquisition

 

6,767

 

 

From the date of acquisition to 31 December 2018, the acquired activities generated revenues of $472 million and profit before tax of $49 million. If the business combination had taken place on 1 January 2018, it is estimated that the acquired activities would have generated revenues of $2,798 million and profit before tax of $431 million.

 

 

Top of page 22

Note 4. Analysis of replacement cost profit (loss) before interest and tax and reconciliation to profit (loss) before taxation

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Upstream

 

4,168

 

3,472

 

1,928

 

 

14,328

 

5,221

 

Downstream

 

2,138

 

2,249

 

1,773

 

 

6,940

 

7,221

 

Rosneft

 

400

 

808

 

321

 

 

2,221

 

836

 

Other businesses and corporate(a)

 

(1,110

)

(815

)

(2,833

)

 

(3,521

)

(4,445

)

 

 

5,596

 

5,714

 

1,189

 

 

19,968

 

8,833

 

Consolidation adjustment - UPII*

 

142

 

78

 

(149

)

 

211

 

(212

)

RC profit (loss) before interest and tax*

 

5,738

 

5,792

 

1,040

 

 

20,179

 

8,621

 

Inventory holding gains (losses)*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

(12

)

1

 

-

 

 

(6

)

8

 

Downstream

 

(2,470

)

343

 

719

 

 

(862

)

758

 

Rosneft (net of tax)

 

(92

)

27

 

97

 

 

67

 

87

 

Profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

3,164

 

6,163

 

1,856

 

 

19,378

 

9,474

 

Finance costs

 

742

 

698

 

616

 

 

2,528

 

2,074

 

Net finance expense relating to pensions and other post-retirement benefits

 

34

 

31

 

58

 

 

127

 

220

 

Profit (loss) before taxation

 

2,388

 

5,434

 

1,182

 

 

16,723

 

7,180

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RC profit (loss) before interest and tax*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,487

 

1,215

 

(1,509

)

 

3,041

 

(266

)

Non-US

 

4,251

 

4,577

 

2,549

 

 

17,138

 

8,887

 

 

 

5,738

 

5,792

 

1,040

 

 

20,179

 

8,621

 

(a)       Includes costs related to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. See Note 2 for further information.

 

 

Top of page 23

Note 5. Sales and other operating revenues

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

By segment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

15,050

 

14,781

 

12,651

 

 

56,399

 

45,440

 

Downstream

 

67,733

 

72,376

 

62,697

 

 

270,689

 

219,853

 

Other businesses and corporate

 

536

 

423

 

480

 

 

1,678

 

1,469

 

 

 

83,319

 

87,580

 

75,828

 

 

328,766

 

266,762

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less: sales and other operating revenues between segments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

8,669

 

7,368

 

6,929

 

 

28,565

 

24,179

 

Downstream

 

(1,232

)

539

 

913

 

 

574

 

1,800

 

Other businesses and corporate

 

205

 

205

 

170

 

 

871

 

575

 

 

 

7,642

 

8,112

 

8,012

 

 

30,010

 

26,554

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Third party sales and other operating revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

6,381

 

7,413

 

5,722

 

 

27,834

 

21,261

 

Downstream

 

68,965

 

71,837

 

61,784

 

 

270,115

 

218,053

 

Other businesses and corporate

 

331

 

218

 

310

 

 

807

 

894

 

Total sales and other operating revenues

 

75,677

 

79,468

 

67,816

 

 

298,756

 

240,208

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By geographical area

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

26,890

 

27,580

 

24,127

 

 

104,759

 

88,709

 

Non-US

 

53,540

 

58,869

 

50,778

 

 

219,681

 

176,113

 

 

 

80,430

 

86,449

 

74,905

 

 

324,440

 

264,822

 

Less: sales and other operating revenues between areas

 

4,753

 

6,981

 

7,089

 

 

25,684

 

24,614

 

 

 

75,677

 

79,468

 

67,816

 

 

298,756

 

240,208

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales and other operating revenues include the following in relation to revenues from contracts with customers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Crude oil

 

15,448

 

17,744

 

13,838

 

 

65,276

 

49,670

 

Oil products

 

47,847

 

52,049

 

45,992

 

 

195,466

 

159,821

 

Natural gas, LNG and NGLs

 

5,862

 

5,764

 

4,777

 

 

21,745

 

16,196

 

Non-oil products and other revenues from contracts with customers

 

3,618

 

3,574

 

3,773

 

 

13,768

 

12,538

 

Revenues from contracts with customers(a)

 

72,775

 

79,131

 

68,380

 

 

296,255

 

238,225

 

(a)       See Note 1 for further information.

 

 

 

Note 6. Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Upstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,137

 

987

 

1,107

 

 

4,211

 

4,631

 

Non-US

 

2,242

 

2,167

 

2,339

 

 

8,907

 

8,637

 

 

 

3,379

 

3,154

 

3,446

 

 

13,118

 

13,268

 

Downstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

240

 

220

 

218

 

 

900

 

875

 

Non-US

 

298

 

284

 

301

 

 

1,177

 

1,141

 

 

 

538

 

504

 

519

 

 

2,077

 

2,016

 

Other businesses and corporate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

11

 

16

 

16

 

 

59

 

65

 

Non-US

 

59

 

54

 

64

 

 

203

 

235

 

 

 

70

 

70

 

80

 

 

262

 

300

 

Total group

 

3,987

 

3,728

 

4,045

 

 

15,457

 

15,584

 

 

 

Top of page 24

Note 7. Production and similar taxes

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

US

 

99

 

91

 

44

 

 

369

 

52

 

Non-US

 

87

 

360

 

467

 

 

1,167

 

1,723

 

 

 

186

 

451

 

511

 

 

1,536

 

1,775

 

 

 

 

Note 8. Earnings per share and shares in issue

 

Basic earnings per ordinary share (EpS) amounts are calculated by dividing the profit (loss) for the period attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. During the quarter the company repurchased for cancellation 2 million ordinary shares for a total cost of $16 million, as part of the share buyback programme as announced on 31 October 2017. The number of shares in issue is reduced when shares are repurchased.

The calculation of EpS is performed separately for each discrete quarterly period, and for the year-to-date period. As a result, the sum of the discrete quarterly EpS amounts in any particular year-to-date period may not be equal to the EpS amount for the year-to-date period.

For the diluted EpS calculation the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the number of shares that are potentially issuable in connection with employee share-based payment plans using the treasury stock method.

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Results for the period

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit (loss) for the period attributable to BP shareholders

 

766

 

3,349

 

27

 

 

9,383

 

3,389

 

Less: preference dividend

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

1

 

1

 

Profit (loss) attributable to BP ordinary shareholders

 

766

 

3,349

 

27

 

 

9,382

 

3,388

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of shares (thousand)(a)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding

 

20,007,781

 

20,006,872

 

19,804,932

 

 

19,970,215

 

19,692,613

 

ADS equivalent

 

3,334,630

 

3,334,478

 

3,300,822

 

 

3,328,369

 

3,282,102

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding used to calculate diluted earnings per share

 

20,133,087

 

20,118,456

 

19,929,655

 

 

20,102,493

 

19,816,442

 

ADS equivalent

 

3,355,514

 

3,353,076

 

3,321,609

 

 

3,350,415

 

3,302,740

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares in issue at period-end

 

20,101,658

 

20,050,414

 

19,817,325

 

 

20,101,658

 

19,817,325

 

ADS equivalent

 

3,350,276

 

3,341,735

 

3,302,887

 

 

3,350,276

 

3,302,887

 

(a)       Excludes treasury shares and includes certain shares that will be issued in the future under employee share-based payment plans.

 

Top of page 25

Note 9. Dividends

Dividends payable

BP today announced an interim dividend of 10.25 cents per ordinary share which is expected to be paid on 29 March 2019 to ordinary shareholders and American Depositary Share (ADS) holders on the register on 15 February 2019. The corresponding amount in sterling is due to be announced on 18 March 2019, calculated based on the average of the market exchange rates for the four dealing days commencing on 12 March 2019. Holders of ADSs are expected to receive $0.615 per ADS (less applicable fees). A scrip dividend alternative is available, allowing shareholders to elect to receive their dividend in the form of new ordinary shares and ADS holders in the form of new ADSs. Details of the fourth quarter dividend and timetable are available at bp.com/dividends and details of the scrip dividend programme are available at bp.com/scrip.

 

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

 

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Dividends paid per ordinary share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cents

 

10.250

 

10.250

 

10.000

 

 

40.500

 

40.000

 

pence

 

8.025

 

7.930

 

7.443

 

 

30.568

 

30.979

 

Dividends paid per ADS (cents)

 

61.50

 

61.50

 

60.00

 

 

243.00

 

240.00

 

Scrip dividends

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of shares issued (millions)

 

47.5

 

89.9

 

53.3

 

 

195.3

 

289.8

 

Value of shares issued ($ million)

 

322

 

638

 

354

 

 

1,381

 

1,714

 

 

 

 

Note 10. Net Debt*

Net debt ratio*

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Gross debt

 

65,799

 

64,135

 

63,230

 

 

65,799

 

63,230

 

Fair value (asset) liability of hedges related to finance debt(a)

 

813

 

1,234

 

175

 

 

813

 

175

 

 

 

66,612

 

65,369

 

63,405

 

 

66,612

 

63,405

 

Less: cash and cash equivalents

 

22,468

 

26,192

 

25,586

 

 

22,468

 

25,586

 

Net debt

 

44,144

 

39,177

 

37,819

 

 

44,144

 

37,819

 

Equity

 

101,548

 

103,420

 

100,404

 

 

101,548

 

100,404

 

Net debt ratio

 

30.3

%

27.5

%

27.4

%

 

30.3

%

27.4

%

 

 

 

Top of page 26

Note 10. Net Debt* (continued)

Analysis of changes in net debt

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Opening balance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finance debt(a)

 

64,135

 

60,358

 

65,784

 

 

63,230

 

58,300

 

Fair value (asset) liability of hedges related to finance debt(b)

 

1,234

 

1,104

 

(227

)

 

175

 

697

 

Less: cash and cash equivalents(c)

 

26,192

 

22,185

 

25,780

 

 

25,575

 

23,484

 

Opening net debt

 

39,177

 

39,277

 

39,777

 

 

37,830

 

35,513

 

Closing balance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finance debt(a)

 

65,799

 

64,135

 

63,230

 

 

65,799

 

63,230

 

Fair value (asset) liability of hedges related to finance debt(b)

 

813

 

1,234

 

175

 

 

813

 

175

 

Less: cash and cash equivalents

 

22,468

 

26,192

 

25,586

 

 

22,468

 

25,586

 

Closing net debt

 

44,144

 

39,177

 

37,819

 

 

44,144

 

37,819

 

Decrease (increase) in net debt

 

(4,967

)

100

 

1,958

 

 

(6,314

)

(2,306

)

Movement in cash and cash equivalents (excluding exchange adjustments)

 

(3,619

)

4,063

 

(223

)

 

(2,777

)

1,558

 

Net cash outflow (inflow) from financing(d)

 

(1,201

)

(3,852

)

2,511

 

 

(3,145

)

(2,520

)

Other movements

 

(147

)

(24

)

(299

)

 

(321

)

(564

)

Movement in net debt before exchange effects

 

(4,967

)

187

 

1,989

 

 

(6,243

)

(1,526

)

Exchange adjustments

 

-

 

(87

)

(31

)

 

(71

)

(780

)

Decrease (increase) in net debt

 

(4,967

)

100

 

1,958

 

 

(6,314

)

(2,306

)

(a)       The fair value of finance debt at 31 December 2018 was $66,346 million (1 January 2018 $65,165 million).

(b)       Derivative financial instruments entered into for the purpose of managing interest rate and foreign currency exchange risk associated with net debt with a fair value liability position of $827 million (third quarter 2018 liability of $723 million and fourth quarter 2017 liability of $634 million) are not included in the calculation of net debt shown above as hedge accounting is not applied for these instruments.

(c)       See Note 1 for further information.

(d)       An amendment was made to reduce the amount presented for net financing cash outflow for the fourth quarter of 2017 by $242 million to eliminate cash flows related to non-hedge accounted derivatives. Exchange adjustments have been amended by the same amount with no overall change in net debt.

 

 

Note 11. Inventory valuation

 

A provision of $604 million was held against hydrocarbon inventories at 31 December 2018 ($53 million at 30 September 2018 and $62 million at 31 December 2017) to write them down to their net realizable value. The net movement charged to the income statement during the fourth quarter 2018 was $562 million (third quarter 2018 was a charge of $15 million and fourth quarter 2017 was a credit of $46 million).

 

 

Note 12. Statutory accounts

 

The financial information shown in this publication, which was approved by the Board of Directors on 4 February 2019, is unaudited and does not constitute statutory financial statements. Audited financial information will be published in BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2018. BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017 has been filed with the Registrar of Companies in England and Wales. The report of the auditor on those accounts was unqualified and did not contain a statement under section 498(2) or section 498(3) of the UK Companies Act 2006.

 

 

Top of page 27

Additional information

 

 

Capital expenditure*

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Capital expenditure on a cash basis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Organic capital expenditure*

 

4,402

 

3,730

 

4,622

 

 

15,140

 

16,501

 

Inorganic capital expenditure*(a)

 

8,494

 

674

 

199

 

 

9,948

 

1,339

 

 

 

12,896

 

4,404

 

4,821

 

 

25,088

 

17,840

 

 

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Organic capital expenditure by segment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,048

 

854

 

726

 

 

3,482

 

2,999

 

Non-US

 

2,419

 

2,073

 

2,819

 

 

8,545

 

10,764

 

 

 

3,467

 

2,927

 

3,545

 

 

12,027

 

13,763

 

Downstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

237

 

237

 

349

 

 

877

 

809

 

Non-US

 

562

 

513

 

598

 

 

1,904

 

1,590

 

 

 

799

 

750

 

947

 

 

2,781

 

2,399

 

Other businesses and corporate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

34

 

6

 

30

 

 

54

 

64

 

Non-US

 

102

 

47

 

100

 

 

278

 

275

 

 

 

136

 

53

 

130

 

 

332

 

339

 

 

 

4,402

 

3,730

 

4,622

 

 

15,140

 

16,501

 

Organic capital expenditure by geographical area

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

1,319

 

1,097

 

1,105

 

 

4,413

 

3,872

 

Non-US

 

3,083

 

2,633

 

3,517

 

 

10,727

 

12,629

 

 

 

4,402

 

3,730

 

4,622

 

 

15,140

 

16,501

 

(a)       On 31 October 2018, BP acquired from BHP Billiton Petroleum (North America) Inc. 100% of the issued share capital of Petrohawk Energy Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of BHP that holds a portfolio of unconventional onshore US oil and gas assets. As at 31 December 2018, $6,788 million of the consideration had been paid, including $525 million during the third quarter 2018 and $6,263 million during the fourth quarter 2018. These amounts are included, net of cash acquired of $104 million in the fourth quarter, in inorganic capital expenditure. See Note 3 for more information. Fourth quarter and full year 2018 include $1,739 million relating to the purchase of an additional 16.5% interest in the Clair field west of Shetland in the North Sea, as part of the agreements with ConocoPhillips in which ConocoPhillips simultaneously purchased BP's entire 39.2% interest in the Greater Kuparuk Area on the North Slope of Alaska. Full year 2018 also includes amounts relating to the 25-year extension to our ACG production-sharing agreement* in Azerbaijan. Full year 2017 includes amounts paid to acquire interests in Mauritania and Senegal and amounts paid to purchase an interest in the Zohr gas field in Egypt and in exploration blocks in Senegal.

 

 

Top of page 28

Non-operating items*

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Upstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment and gain (loss) on sale of businesses and fixed assets(a)

 

34

 

(231

)

(181

)

 

(90

)

(563

)

Environmental and other provisions

 

(35

)

-

 

1

 

 

(35

)

1

 

Restructuring, integration and rationalization costs(b)

 

(53

)

(17

)

(4

)

 

(131

)

(24

)

Fair value gain (loss) on embedded derivatives

 

-

 

1

 

2

 

 

17

 

33

 

Other(c)

 

190

 

5

 

38

 

 

56

 

(118

)

 

 

136

 

(242

)

(144

)

 

(183

)

(671

)

Downstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment and gain (loss) on sale of businesses and fixed assets(d)

 

(20

)

(19

)

469

 

 

(54

)

579

 

Environmental and other provisions

 

(83

)

-

 

(19

)

 

(83

)

(19

)

Restructuring, integration and rationalization costs(b)

 

(279

)

(16

)

(69

)

 

(405

)

(171

)

Fair value gain (loss) on embedded derivatives

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

-

 

Other

 

(19

)

(2

)

1

 

 

(174

)

-

 

 

 

(401

)

(37

)

382

 

 

(716

)

389

 

Rosneft

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment and gain (loss) on sale of businesses and fixed assets

 

(31

)

(64

)

-

 

 

(95

)

-

 

Environmental and other provisions

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

-

 

Restructuring, integration and rationalization costs

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

-

 

Fair value gain (loss) on embedded derivatives

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

-

 

Other

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

-

 

 

 

(31

)

(64

)

-

 

 

(95

)

-

 

Other businesses and corporate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment and gain (loss) on sale of businesses and fixed assets

 

(6

)

(255

)

(16

)

 

(260

)

(22

)

Environmental and other provisions(e)

 

(575

)

(45

)

(153

)

 

(640

)

(156

)

Restructuring, integration and rationalization costs(b)

 

(112

)

(33

)

(35

)

 

(190

)

(72

)

Fair value gain (loss) on embedded derivatives

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

-

 

Gulf of Mexico oil spill - business economic loss claims(f)

 

(26

)

(69

)

(2,110

)

 

(344

)

(2,370

)

Gulf of Mexico oil spill - other(f)

 

(41

)

(59

)

(111

)

 

(370

)

(317

)

Other

 

(6

)

(9

)

(14

)

 

(159

)

90

 

 

 

(766

)

(470

)

(2,439

)

 

(1,963

)

(2,847

)

Total before interest and taxation

 

(1,062

)

(813

)

(2,201

)

 

(2,957

)

(3,129

)

Finance costs(f)

 

(122

)

(119

)

(124

)

 

(479

)

(493

)

Total before taxation

 

(1,184

)

(932

)

(2,325

)

 

(3,436

)

(3,622

)

Taxation credit (charge) on non-operating items(g)

 

(2

)

283

 

669

 

 

510

 

1,172

 

Taxation - impact of US tax reform(h)

 

-

 

-

 

(859

)

 

121

 

(859

)

Total after taxation for period

 

(1,186

)

(649

)

(2,515

)

 

(2,805

)

(3,309

)

(a)       Fourth quarter and full year 2018 include an impairment reversal for assets in the North Sea and Angola. Fourth quarter and full year 2017 include an impairment charge relating to BPX Energy (previously known as the US Lower 48 business), partially offset by gains associated with asset divestments. In addition, full year 2017 includes an impairment charge arising following the announcement of the agreement to sell the Forties Pipeline System business to INEOS.

(b)       The group's restructuring programme, originally announced in 2014, has now been completed.

(c)       Fourth quarter and full year 2017 include BP's share of an impairment reversal recognized by the Angola LNG equity-accounted entity, partially offset by other items. Full year 2018 and full year 2017 also include the write-off of $124 million and $145 million respectively in relation to the value ascribed to certain licences in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico as part of the accounting for the acquisition of upstream assets from Devon Energy in 2011.

(d)       Fourth quarter and full year 2017 gain primarily reflects the disposal of our shareholding in the SECCO joint venture.

(e)       Fourth quarter and full year 2018 primarily reflects charges due to the annual update of environmental provisions, including asbestos-related provisions for past operations, together with updates of non-Gulf of Mexico oil spill related legal provisions.

(f)        See Note 2 for further details regarding costs relating to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill.

(g)       Fourth quarter and full year 2017 include the tax effect of the increase in the provision in the fourth quarter for business economic loss and other claims associated with the Deepwater Horizon Court Supervised Settlement Program at the tax rate applicable from 1 January 2018.

(h)       Fourth quarter and full year 2017 include the impact of US tax reform, which reduced the US federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective from 1 January 2018. Full year 2018 reflects a further impact following a clarification of the tax reform. The impact of the US tax reform has been treated as a non-operating item because it is not considered to be part of underlying business operations, has a material impact upon the reported result and is substantially impacted by Gulf of Mexico oil spill charges, which are also treated as non-operating items. Separate disclosure is considered meaningful and relevant to investors.

 

 

Top of page 29

Non-GAAP information on fair value accounting effects

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Favourable (adverse) impact relative to management's measure of performance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

146

 

(285

)

(151

)

 

(39

)

27

 

Downstream

 

370

 

175

 

(83

)

 

95

 

(135

)

 

 

516

 

(110

)

(234

)

 

56

 

(108

)

Taxation credit (charge)

 

(90

)

12

 

59

 

 

12

 

12

 

 

 

426

 

(98

)

(175

)

 

68

 

(96

)

 

BP uses derivative instruments to manage the economic exposure relating to inventories above normal operating requirements of crude oil, natural gas and petroleum products. Under IFRS, these inventories are recorded at historical cost. The related derivative instruments, however, are required to be recorded at fair value with gains and losses recognized in the income statement. This is because hedge accounting is either not permitted or not followed, principally due to the impracticality of effectiveness-testing requirements. Therefore, measurement differences in relation to recognition of gains and losses occur. Gains and losses on these inventories are not recognized until the commodity is sold in a subsequent accounting period. Gains and losses on the related derivative commodity contracts are recognized in the income statement, from the time the derivative commodity contract is entered into, on a fair value basis using forward prices consistent with the contract maturity.

BP enters into physical commodity contracts to meet certain business requirements, such as the purchase of crude for a refinery or the sale of BP's gas production. Under IFRS these physical contracts are treated as derivatives and are required to be fair valued when they are managed as part of a larger portfolio of similar transactions. Gains and losses arising are recognized in the income statement from the time the derivative commodity contract is entered into.

IFRS require that inventory held for trading is recorded at its fair value using period-end spot prices, whereas any related derivative commodity instruments are required to be recorded at values based on forward prices consistent with the contract maturity. Depending on market conditions, these forward prices can be either higher or lower than spot prices, resulting in measurement differences.

BP enters into contracts for pipelines and other transportation, storage capacity, oil and gas processing and liquefied natural gas (LNG) that, under IFRS, are recorded on an accruals basis. These contracts are risk-managed using a variety of derivative instruments that are fair valued under IFRS. This results in measurement differences in relation to recognition of gains and losses.

The way that BP manages the economic exposures described above, and measures performance internally, differs from the way these activities are measured under IFRS. BP calculates this difference for consolidated entities by comparing the IFRS result with management's internal measure of performance. Under management's internal measure of performance the inventory, transportation and capacity contracts in question are valued based on fair value using relevant forward prices prevailing at the end of the period. The fair values of derivative instruments used to risk manage certain oil, gas and other contracts, are deferred to match with the underlying exposure and the commodity contracts for business requirements are accounted for on an accruals basis. We believe that disclosing management's estimate of this difference provides useful information for investors because it enables investors to see the economic effect of these activities as a whole.

In addition, from the first quarter 2018 fair value accounting effects include changes in the fair value of the near-term portions of LNG contracts that fall within BP's risk management framework. LNG contracts are not considered derivatives, because there is insufficient market liquidity, and they are therefore accrual accounted under IFRS. However, oil and natural gas derivative financial instruments (used to risk manage the near-term portions of the LNG contracts) are fair valued under IFRS. The fair value accounting effect reduces timing differences between recognition of the derivative financial instruments used to risk manage the LNG contracts and the recognition of the LNG contracts themselves, which therefore gives a better representation of performance in each period. Comparative information has not been restated on the basis that the effect was not material.

 

 

Top of page 30

Non-GAAP information on fair value accounting effects (continued)

The impacts of fair value accounting effects, relative to management's internal measure of performance, are shown in the table above. A reconciliation to GAAP information is set out below.

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Upstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Replacement cost profit (loss) before interest and tax adjusted for fair value accounting effects

 

4,022

 

3,757

 

2,079

 

 

14,367

 

5,194

 

Impact of fair value accounting effects

 

146

 

(285

)

(151

)

 

(39

)

27

 

Replacement cost profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

4,168

 

3,472

 

1,928

 

 

14,328

 

5,221

 

Downstream

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Replacement cost profit (loss) before interest and tax adjusted for fair value accounting effects

 

1,768

 

2,074

 

1,856

 

 

6,845

 

7,356

 

Impact of fair value accounting effects

 

370

 

175

 

(83

)

 

95

 

(135

)

Replacement cost profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

2,138

 

2,249

 

1,773

 

 

6,940

 

7,221

 

Total group

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit (loss) before interest and tax adjusted for fair value accounting effects

 

2,648

 

6,273

 

2,090

 

 

19,322

 

9,582

 

Impact of fair value accounting effects

 

516

 

(110

)

(234

)

 

56

 

(108

)

Profit (loss) before interest and tax

 

3,164

 

6,163

 

1,856

 

 

19,378

 

9,474

 

 

 

 

Readily marketable inventory* (RMI)

 

 

31 December

31 December

$ million

 

2018

2017

RMI at fair value*

 

4,202

 

5,661

 

Paid-up RMI*

 

1,641

 

2,688

 

 

Readily marketable inventory (RMI) is oil and oil products inventory held and price risk-managed by BP's integrated supply and trading function (IST) which could be sold to generate funds if required. Paid-up RMI is RMI that BP has paid for.

We believe that disclosing the amounts of RMI and paid-up RMI is useful to investors as it enables them to better understand and evaluate the group's inventories and liquidity position by enabling them to see the level of discretionary inventory held by IST and to see builds or releases of liquid trading inventory.

See the Glossary on page 32 for a more detailed definition of RMI. RMI, RMI at fair value, paid-up RMI and unpaid RMI are non-GAAP measures. A reconciliation of total inventory as reported on the group balance sheet to paid-up RMI is provided below.

 

 

31 December

31 December

$ million

 

2018

2017

Reconciliation of total inventory to paid-up RMI

 

 

 

Inventories as reported on the group balance sheet under IFRS

 

17,988

 

19,011

 

Less: (a) inventories that are not oil and oil products and (b) oil and oil product inventories that are not risk-managed by IST

 

(14,066

)

(13,929

)

 

 

3,922

 

5,082

 

Plus: difference between RMI at fair value and RMI on an IFRS basis

 

280

 

579

 

RMI at fair value

 

4,202

 

5,661

 

Less: unpaid RMI* at fair value

 

(2,561

)

(2,973

)

Paid-up RMI

 

1,641

 

2,688

 

 

 

Top of page 31

Working capital* reconciliation

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

$ million

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities as per condensed group cash flow statement

 

778

 

(1,573

)

(60

)

 

(4,763

)

(3,352

)

Adjustments to exclude movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities for the Gulf of Mexico oil spill (Note 2)

 

238

 

538

 

413

 

 

3,057

 

5,191

 

Adjusted for Inventory holding gains (losses)* (Note 4)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Upstream

 

(12

)

1

 

-

 

 

(6

)

8

 

Downstream

 

(2,470

)

343

 

719

 

 

(862

)

758

 

Working capital release (build)

 

(1,466

)

(691

)

1,072

 

 

(2,574

)

2,605

 

 

 

Realizations* and marker prices

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

 

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

Average realizations(a)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liquids* ($/bbl)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

61.61

 

65.22

 

51.50

 

 

61.72

 

46.55

 

Europe

 

65.07

 

73.90

 

57.92

 

 

69.20

 

52.13

 

Rest of World

 

61.42

 

71.95

 

59.09

 

 

66.68

 

51.83

 

BP Average

 

61.80

 

69.68

 

56.16

 

 

64.98

 

49.92

 

Natural gas ($/mcf)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

3.10

 

2.22

 

2.28

 

 

2.43

 

2.36

 

Europe

 

8.80

 

7.79

 

5.56

 

 

7.71

 

5.09

 

Rest of World

 

4.77

 

4.36

 

3.51

 

 

4.37

 

3.45

 

BP Average

 

4.33

 

3.86

 

3.23

 

 

3.92

 

3.19

 

Total hydrocarbons* ($/boe)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US

 

42.50

 

43.20

 

35.75

 

 

41.59

 

33.47

 

Europe

 

61.98

 

68.54

 

52.17

 

 

64.11

 

46.09

 

Rest of World

 

41.64

 

45.51

 

37.27

 

 

42.65

 

35.44

 

BP Average

 

42.98

 

46.14

 

37.48

 

 

43.47

 

35.38

 

Average oil marker prices ($/bbl)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Brent

 

68.81

 

75.16

 

61.26

 

 

71.31

 

54.19

 

West Texas Intermediate

 

59.98

 

69.63

 

55.23

 

 

65.20

 

50.79

 

Western Canadian Select

 

25.31

 

40.33

 

38.74

 

 

38.27

 

38.55

 

Alaska North Slope

 

69.53

 

75.26

 

61.31

 

 

71.54

 

54.43

 

Mars

 

64.45

 

70.79

 

57.70

 

 

66.86

 

50.65

 

Urals (NWE - cif)

 

68.02

 

73.98

 

60.17

 

 

69.89

 

52.84

 

Average natural gas marker prices

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Henry Hub gas price(b) ($/mmBtu)

 

3.65

 

2.91

 

2.93

 

 

3.09

 

3.11

 

UK Gas - National Balancing Point (p/therm)

 

65.13

 

64.46

 

51.94

 

 

60.38

 

44.95

 

(a)       Based on sales of consolidated subsidiaries only - this excludes equity-accounted entities.

(b)       Henry Hub First of Month Index.

 

 

Exchange rates

 

 

Fourth

Third

Fourth

 

 

 

 

 

quarter

quarter

quarter

 

Year

Year

 

 

2018

2018

2017

 

2018

2017

$/£ average rate for the period

 

1.29

 

1.30

 

1.33

 

 

1.33

 

1.29

 

$/£ period-end rate

 

1.27

 

1.31

 

1.34

 

 

1.27

 

1.34

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$/€ average rate for the period

 

1.14

 

1.16

 

1.18

 

 

1.18

 

1.13

 

$/€ period-end rate

 

1.14

 

1.17

 

1.19

 

 

1.14

 

1.19

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rouble/$ average rate for the period

 

66.48

 

65.54

 

58.46

 

 

62.73

 

58.36

 

Rouble/$ period-end rate

 

69.57

 

65.76

 

57.60

 

 

69.57

 

57.60

 

 

 

Top of page 32

Legal proceedings

The following discussion sets out the material developments in the group's material legal proceedings during the recent period. For a full discussion of the group's material legal proceedings, see pages 270-273 of BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017, and page 34 of BP p.l.c. Group results second quarter and half-year 2018.

Other legal proceedings

 

 

 

Scharfstein v. BP West Coast Products, LLC A class action lawsuit was filed against BP West Coast Products, LLC (BPWCP) in Oregon State Court under the Oregon Unlawful Trade Practices Act on behalf of customers who used a debit card at ARCO gasoline stations in Oregon during the period 1 January 2011 to 30 August 2013, alleging that ARCO sites in Oregon failed to provide sufficient notice of the 35 cents per transaction debit card fee. In January 2014, the jury rendered a verdict against BPWCP and awarded statutory damages of $200 per class member. On 25 August 2015, the trial court determined the size of the class to be slightly in excess of two million members. On 31 May 2016 the trial court entered a judgment against BPWCP for the amount of $417.3 million. On 31 May 2018 the Oregon Court of Appeals affirmed the trial court's ruling. BP filed a Petition for Review to the Oregon Supreme Court. On 8 November 2018 the Oregon Supreme Court denied BP's petition for review. BP intends to appeal to the United States Supreme Court.

 

 

 

Glossary

Non-GAAP measures are provided for investors because they are closely tracked by management to evaluate BP's operating performance and to make financial, strategic and operating decisions. Non-GAAP measures are sometimes referred to as alternative performance measures.

Capital expenditure is total cash capital expenditure as stated in the condensed group cash flow statement.

Consolidation adjustment - UPII is unrealized profit in inventory arising on inter-segment transactions.

Divestment proceeds are disposal proceeds as per the condensed group cash flow statement.

Effective tax rate (ETR) on replacement cost (RC) profit or loss is a non-GAAP measure. The ETR on RC profit or loss is calculated by dividing taxation on a RC basis by RC profit or loss before tax. Information on RC profit or loss is provided below. BP believes it is helpful to disclose the ETR on RC profit or loss because this measure excludes the impact of price changes on the replacement of inventories and allows for more meaningful comparisons between reporting periods. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis is the ETR on profit or loss for the period.

Fair value accounting effects are non-GAAP adjustments to our IFRS profit (loss). They reflect the difference between the way BP manages the economic exposure and internally measures performance of certain activities and the way those activities are measured under IFRS. Further information on fair value accounting effects is provided on page 29.

Free cash flow is operating cash flow less net cash used in investing activities, as presented in the condensed group cash flow statement.

Gearing - See Net debt and net debt ratio definition.

Hydrocarbons - Liquids and natural gas. Natural gas is converted to oil equivalent at 5.8 billion cubic feet = 1 million barrels.

Inorganic capital expenditure is a subset of capital expenditure and is a non-GAAP measure. Inorganic capital expenditure comprises consideration in business combinations and certain other significant investments made by the group. It is reported on a cash basis. BP believes that this measure provides useful information as it allows investors to understand how BP's management invests funds in projects which expand the group's activities through acquisition. Further information and a reconciliation to GAAP information is provided on page 27.

Inventory holding gains and losses represent the difference between the cost of sales calculated using the replacement cost of inventory and the cost of sales calculated on the first-in first-out (FIFO) method after adjusting for any changes in provisions where the net realizable value of the inventory is lower than its cost. Under the FIFO method, which we use for IFRS reporting, the cost of inventory charged to the income statement is based on its historical cost of purchase or manufacture, rather than its replacement cost. In volatile energy markets, this can have a significant distorting effect on reported income. The amounts disclosed represent the difference between the charge to the income statement for inventory on a FIFO basis (after adjusting for any related movements in net realizable value provisions) and the charge that would have arisen based on the replacement cost of inventory. For this purpose, the replacement cost of inventory is calculated using data from each operation's production and manufacturing system, either on a monthly basis, or separately for each transaction where the system allows this approach. The amounts disclosed are not separately reflected in the financial statements as a gain or loss. No adjustment is made in respect of the cost of inventories held as part of a trading position and certain other temporary inventory positions. See Replacement cost (RC) profit or loss definition below.

Liquids - Liquids for Upstream and Rosneft comprises crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids. For Upstream, liquids also includes bitumen.

Major projects have a BP net investment of at least $250 million, or are considered to be of strategic importance to BP or of a high degree of complexity.

 

 

Top of page 33

Glossary (continued)

Net debt and net debt ratio are non-GAAP measures. Net debt is calculated as gross finance debt, as shown in the balance sheet, plus the fair value of associated derivative financial instruments that are used to hedge foreign currency exchange and interest rate risks relating to finance debt, for which hedge accounting is applied, less cash and cash equivalents. The net debt ratio is defined as the ratio of net debt to the total of net debt plus shareholders' equity. All components of equity are included in the denominator of the calculation. BP believes these measures provide useful information to investors. Net debt enables investors to see the economic effect of gross debt, related hedges and cash and cash equivalents in total. The net debt ratio enables investors to see how significant net debt is relative to equity from shareholders. The derivatives are reported on the balance sheet within the headings 'Derivative financial instruments'. The nearest equivalent GAAP measures on an IFRS basis are gross debt and gross debt ratio. A reconciliation of gross debt to net debt is provided on page 25.

We are unable to present reconciliations of forward-looking information for net debt ratio to gross debt ratio, because without unreasonable efforts, we are unable to forecast accurately certain adjusting items required to present a meaningful comparable GAAP forward-looking financial measure. These items include fair value asset (liability) of hedges related to finance debt and cash and cash equivalents, that are difficult to predict in advance in order to include in a GAAP estimate.

Net wind generation capacity is the sum of the rated capacities of the assets/turbines that have entered into commercial operation, including BP's share of equity-accounted entities.

Non-operating items are charges and credits included in the financial statements that BP discloses separately because it considers such disclosures to be meaningful and relevant to investors. They are items that management considers not to be part of underlying business operations and are disclosed in order to enable investors better to understand and evaluate the group's reported financial performance. Non-operating items within equity-accounted earnings are reported net of incremental income tax reported by the equity-accounted entity. An analysis of non-operating items by region is shown on pages 7, 9 and 11, and by segment and type is shown on page 28.

Operating cash flow is net cash provided by (used in) operating activities as stated in the condensed group cash flow statement. When used in the context of a segment rather than the group, the terms refer to the segment's share thereof.

Operating cash flow excluding working capital change is a non-GAAP measure. It is operating cash flow excluding Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments less change in working capital adjusted for inventory holding gains/losses (see below). BP believes operating cash flow excluding working capital change is a useful measure as it allows for more meaningful comparisons between reporting periods. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis is net cash provided by operating activities.

Operating cash flow excluding Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments is a non-GAAP measure. It is calculated by excluding post-tax operating cash flows relating to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill as reported in Note 2 from net cash provided by operating activities as reported in the condensed group cash flow statement. BP believes net cash provided by operating activities excluding amounts related to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill is a useful measure as it allows for more meaningful comparisons between reporting periods. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis is net cash provided by operating activities.

Organic capital expenditure is a subset of capital expenditure and is a non-GAAP measure. Organic capital expenditure comprises capital expenditure less inorganic capital expenditure. BP believes that this measure provides useful information as it allows investors to understand how BP's management invests funds in developing and maintaining the group's assets. An analysis of organic capital expenditure by segment and region, and a reconciliation to GAAP information is provided on page 27.

We are unable to present reconciliations of forward-looking information for organic capital expenditure to total cash capital expenditure, because without unreasonable efforts, we are unable to forecast accurately the adjusting item, inorganic capital expenditure, that is difficult to predict in advance in order to derive the nearest GAAP estimate.

Production-sharing agreement (PSA) is an arrangement through which an oil and gas company bears the risks and costs of exploration, development and production. In return, if exploration is successful, the oil company receives entitlement to variable physical volumes of hydrocarbons, representing recovery of the costs incurred and a stipulated share of the production remaining after such cost recovery.

Readily marketable inventory (RMI) is inventory held and price risk-managed by our integrated supply and trading function (IST) which could be sold to generate funds if required. It comprises oil and oil products for which liquid markets are available and excludes inventory which is required to meet operational requirements and other inventory which is not price risk-managed. RMI is reported at fair value. Inventory held by the Downstream fuels business for the purpose of sales and marketing, and all inventories relating to the lubricants and petrochemicals businesses, are not included in RMI.

Paid-up RMI excludes RMI which has not yet been paid for. For inventory that is held in storage, a first-in first-out (FIFO) approach is used to determine whether inventory has been paid for or not. Unpaid RMI is RMI which has not yet been paid for by BP. RMI, RMI at fair value, Paid-up RMI and Unpaid RMI are non-GAAP measures. Further information is provided on page 30.

Realizations are the result of dividing revenue generated from hydrocarbon sales, excluding revenue generated from purchases made for resale and royalty volumes, by revenue generating hydrocarbon production volumes. Revenue generating hydrocarbon production reflects the BP share of production as adjusted for any production which does not generate revenue. Adjustments may include losses due to shrinkage, amounts consumed during processing, and contractual or regulatory host committed volumes such as royalties.

Refining availability represents Solomon Associates' operational availability, which is defined as the percentage of the year that a unit is available for processing after subtracting the annualized time lost due to turnaround activity and all planned mechanical, process and regulatory downtime.

 

 

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Glossary (continued)

The Refining marker margin (RMM) is the average of regional indicator margins weighted for BP's crude refining capacity in each region. Each regional marker margin is based on product yields and a marker crude oil deemed appropriate for the region. The regional indicator margins may not be representative of the margins achieved by BP in any period because of BP's particular refinery configurations and crude and product slate.

Replacement cost (RC) profit or loss reflects the replacement cost of inventories sold in the period and is arrived at by excluding inventory holding gains and losses from profit or loss. RC profit or loss for the group is not a recognized GAAP measure. BP believes this measure is useful to illustrate to investors the fact that crude oil and product prices can vary significantly from period to period and that the impact on our reported result under IFRS can be significant. Inventory holding gains and losses vary from period to period due to changes in prices as well as changes in underlying inventory levels. In order for investors to understand the operating performance of the group excluding the impact of price changes on the replacement of inventories, and to make comparisons of operating performance between reporting periods, BP's management believes it is helpful to disclose this measure. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis is profit or loss attributable to BP shareholders. A reconciliation to GAAP information is provided on page 1. RC profit or loss before interest and tax is the measure of profit or loss that is required to be disclosed for each operating segment under IFRS.

RC profit or loss per share is a non-GAAP measure. Earnings per share is defined in Note 8. RC profit or loss per share is calculated using the same denominator. The numerator used is RC profit or loss attributable to BP shareholders rather than profit or loss attributable to BP shareholders. BP believes it is helpful to disclose the RC profit or loss per share because this measure excludes the impact of price changes on the replacement of inventories and allows for more meaningful comparisons between reporting periods. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis is basic earnings per share based on profit or loss for the period attributable to BP shareholders.

Reported recordable injury frequency measures the number of reported work-related employee and contractor incidents that result in a fatality or injury per 200,000 hours worked. This represents reported incidents occurring within BP's operational HSSE reporting boundary. That boundary includes BP's own operated facilities and certain other locations or situations.

Reserves replacement ratio is the extent to which the year's production has been replaced by proved reserves added to our reserve base. The ratio is expressed in oil-equivalent terms and includes changes resulting from discoveries, improved recovery and extensions and revisions to previous estimates, but excludes changes resulting from acquisitions and disposals. The reserves replacement ratio will be reported in BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2018.

Return on average capital employed (ROACE) is a non-GAAP measure and is underlying replacement cost profit, after adding back non-controlling interest and interest expense net of tax (for 2017 interest expense was net of notional tax at an assumed 35%), divided by average capital employed, excluding cash and cash equivalents and goodwill. Interest expense is finance costs excluding the unwinding of the discount on provisions and other payables, and for full year 2018 interest expense was $1,779 million (2017 $1,421 million) before tax. BP believes it is helpful to disclose the ROACE because this measure gives an indication of the company's capital efficiency. The nearest GAAP measures of the numerator and denominator are profit or loss for the period attributable to BP shareholders and average capital employed respectively.

Solomon availability - See Refining availability definition.

Tier 1 process safety events are losses of primary containment from a process of greatest consequence - causing harm to a member of the workforce, costly damage to equipment or exceeding defined quantities. This represents reported incidents occurring within BP's operational HSSE reporting boundary. That boundary includes BP's own operated facilities and certain other locations or situations.

Underlying effective tax rate (ETR) is a non-GAAP measure. The underlying ETR is calculated by dividing taxation on an underlying replacement cost (RC) basis by underlying RC profit or loss before tax. Taxation on an underlying RC basis is taxation on a RC basis for the period adjusted for taxation on non-operating items and fair value accounting effects. Information on underlying RC profit or loss is provided below. BP believes it is helpful to disclose the underlying ETR because this measure may help investors to understand and evaluate, in the same manner as management, the underlying trends in BP's operational performance on a comparable basis, period on period. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis is the ETR on profit or loss for the period.

We are unable to present reconciliations of forward-looking information for underlying ETR to ETR on profit or loss for the period, because without unreasonable efforts, we are unable to forecast accurately certain adjusting items required to present a meaningful comparable GAAP forward-looking financial measure. These items include the taxation on inventory holding gains and losses, non-operating items and fair value accounting effects, that are difficult to predict in advance in order to include in a GAAP estimate.

Underlying production is production after adjusting for acquisitions and divestments and entitlement impacts in our production-sharing agreements.

Underlying RC profit or loss is RC profit or loss after adjusting for non-operating items and fair value accounting effects. Underlying RC profit or loss and adjustments for fair value accounting effects are not recognized GAAP measures. See pages 28 and 29 for additional information on the non-operating items and fair value accounting effects that are used to arrive at underlying RC profit or loss in order to enable a full understanding of the events and their financial impact. BP believes that underlying RC profit or loss is a useful measure for investors because it is a measure closely tracked by management to evaluate BP's operating performance and to make financial, strategic and operating decisions and because it may help investors to understand and evaluate, in the same manner as management, the underlying trends in BP's operational performance on a comparable basis, period on period, by adjusting for the effects of these non-operating items and fair value accounting effects. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis for the group is profit or loss attributable to BP shareholders. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis for segments is RC profit or loss before interest and taxation. A reconciliation to GAAP information is provided on page 1.

 

 

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Glossary (continued)

Underlying RC profit or loss per share is a non-GAAP measure. Earnings per share is defined in Note 8. Underlying RC profit or loss per share is calculated using the same denominator. The numerator used is underlying RC profit or loss attributable to BP shareholders rather than profit or loss attributable to BP shareholders. BP believes it is helpful to disclose the underlying RC profit or loss per share because this measure may help investors to understand and evaluate, in the same manner as management, the underlying trends in BP's operational performance on a comparable basis, period on period. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis is basic earnings per share based on profit or loss for the period attributable to BP shareholders.

Upstream operating efficiency is calculated as production for BP-operated sites, excluding US Lower 48 and adjusted for certain items including entitlement impacts in our production-sharing agreements divided by installed production capacity for BP-operated sites, excluding US Lower 48. Installed production capacity is the agreed rate achievable (measured at the export end of the system) when the installed production system (reservoir, wells, plant and export) is fully optimized and operated at full rate with no planned or unplanned deferrals.

Upstream plant reliability (BP-operated) is calculated taking 100% less the ratio of total unplanned plant deferrals divided by installed production capacity. Unplanned plant deferrals are associated with the topside plant and where applicable the subsea equipment (excluding wells and reservoir). Unplanned plant deferrals include breakdowns, which does not include Gulf of Mexico weather related downtime.

Upstream unit production cost is calculated as production cost divided by units of production. Production cost does not include ad valorem and severance taxes. Units of production are barrels for liquids and thousands of cubic feet for gas. Amounts disclosed are for BP subsidiaries only and do not include BP's share of equity-accounted entities.

Wellwork is activities undertaken on previously completed wells with the primary objective to restore or increase production.

Working capital - Change in working capital is movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities as reported in the condensed group cash flow statement. Change in working capital adjusted for inventory holding gains/losses is a non-GAAP measure. It is calculated by adjusting for inventory holding gains/losses reported in the period and this therefore represents what would have been reported as movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities, if the starting point in determining net cash provided by operating activities had been replacement cost profit rather than profit for the period. The nearest equivalent measure on an IFRS basis for this is movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities. In the context of describing operating cash flow excluding Gulf of Mexico oil spill payments, change in working capital also excludes movements in inventories and other current and non-current assets and liabilities relating to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. See page 31 for further details.

BP utilizes various arrangements in order to manage its working capital including discounting of receivables and, in the supply and trading business, the active management of supplier payment terms, inventory and collateral.

 

 

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Cautionary statement

In order to utilize the 'safe harbor' provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the 'PSLRA') and the general doctrine of cautionary statements, BP is providing the following cautionary statement: The discussion in this results announcement contains certain forecasts, projections and forward-looking statements - that is, statements related to future, not past events and circumstances - with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and businesses of BP and certain of the plans and objectives of BP with respect to these items. These statements may generally, but not always, be identified by the use of words such as 'will', 'expects', 'is expected to', 'aims', 'should', 'may', 'objective', 'is likely to', 'intends', 'believes', 'anticipates', 'plans', 'we see' or similar expressions. In particular, the following, among other statements, are all forward looking in nature: expectations regarding the expected quarterly dividend payment and timing of such payment; expectations regarding BP's strategy and its impact on BP and its shareholders; plans and expectations regarding share buybacks, including to offset the impact of dilution from the scrip programme; expectations regarding the underlying effective tax rate in 2019; expectations for cash flow growth to underpin the balance sheet; expectations regarding 2019 organic capital expenditure and depreciation, depletion and amortization charges; plans and expectations with respect to gearing; plans and expectations to complete more than $10 billion divestments over the next two years; expectations regarding Upstream full-year 2019 underlying and reported production and first-quarter 2019 reported production; expectations regarding Downstream first-quarter 2019 refining margins, and narrower discounts for North American heavy crude oil; expectations regarding the transfer of licences to LLC Yermakneftegaz; plans and expectations regarding BP's wind energy business; expectations regarding Other businesses and corporate 2019 average quarterly charges; plans and expectations regarding Lightsource BP, including to enter Brazil and to provide power to AB InBev's manufacturing plants in the UK; plans and expectations regarding BP's acquisition of onshore-US oil and gas assets from BHP, including expectations regarding the timing of purchase price payments; plans and expectations regarding legal and trial proceedings including to appeal the decision in the Scharfstein v. BP West Coast Products, LLC lawsuit; and expectations with respect to the timing and amount of future payments relating to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill including payments for full-year 2019 and 2012 PSC settlement payments. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will or may occur in the future and are outside the control of BP. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in such statements, depending on a variety of factors, including: the specific factors identified in the discussions accompanying such forward-looking statements; the receipt of relevant third party and/or regulatory approvals; the timing and level of maintenance and/or turnaround activity; the timing and volume of refinery additions and outages; the timing of bringing new projects onstream; the timing, quantum and nature of certain acquisitions and divestments; future levels of industry product supply, demand and pricing, including supply growth in North America; OPEC quota restrictions; PSA effects; operational and safety problems; potential lapses in product quality; economic and financial market conditions generally or in various countries and regions; political stability and economic growth in relevant areas of the world; changes in laws and governmental regulations; regulatory or legal actions including the types of enforcement action pursued and the nature of remedies sought or imposed; the actions of prosecutors, regulatory authorities and courts; delays in the processes for resolving claims; amounts ultimately payable and timing of payments relating to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill; exchange rate fluctuations; development and use of new technology; recruitment and retention of a skilled workforce; the success or otherwise of partnering; the actions of competitors, trading partners, contractors, subcontractors, creditors, rating agencies and others; our access to future credit resources; business disruption and crisis management; the impact on our reputation of ethical misconduct and non-compliance with regulatory obligations; trading losses; major uninsured losses; decisions by Rosneft's management and board of directors; the actions of contractors; natural disasters and adverse weather conditions; changes in public expectations and other changes to business conditions; wars and acts of terrorism; cyber-attacks or sabotage; and other factors discussed elsewhere in this report, under "Principal risks and uncertainties" in our Form 6-K for the period ended 30 June 2018 and "Risk factors" in BP Annual Report and Form 20-F 2017 as filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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