Final Results - Year Ended 31 March 2000

Man(ED & F) Group PLC 8 June 2000 PRELIMINARY RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2000 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS March 2000 March 1999 Change Funds under $4.7bn $3.8bn 24% management Profit before tax - continuing operations £111.5m £107.3m 4% Including net management fee income £55.5m £45.5m 22% Diluted earnings per share - continuing operations 32.3p 30.2p 7% Dividends per share 13.6p 12.7p 7% Post-tax return on equity - continuing operations 22.5% 21.8% 3% Shareholders' funds £250.3m £375.0m (33%) E D & F Man is a focused financial services group. Man Investment Products is a leading Asset Management business, with an established presence in the growing alternative investment market. Man International is a global futures Brokerage business. Stanley Fink, Chief Executive, said: 'This has been a year of significant change for the Man Group, during which we have established ourselves as a focused Financial Services business. These businesses have made substantial progress in the year, with assets under management up 24% to $4.7 billion and underlying management fee income up 22%. In Brokerage, market position has been maintained or improved across all the major exchanges on which we operate. Overall, pre-tax profits from continuing operations are up 4% and earnings per share from these operations are up 7%. 'We are excited by the prospects for the Group. The sector continues to see strong demand for alternative investment products. We believe that we are well positioned as an integrated financial services business, with strengths in asset management, distribution and market access, to exploit this favourable environment. We are confident that over the coming year our endeavours will meet with further success.' For further information please contact: Stanley Fink Chief Executive 020 7285 3000 Peter Clarke Finance Director 020 7285 3163 Marc Popiolek Gavin Anderson & Company 020 7457 2345 OVERVIEW This has been a year of substantial change. In such an active year, it is pleasing to be able to report continued progress in our Financial Services businesses. These businesses have together shown average pre-tax earnings growth of 47% per annum over the last three years, with funds under management growing 260% in aggregate over the same period. In the current year, profits from continuing operations increased by 4% and diluted earnings per share from these operations increased by 7% from 30.2 pence to 32.3 pence. Funds under management were $4.7 billion at year-end, up 24%. Reflecting this increased asset base, recurring management fee income has increased by 22% to £55.5 million, further improving the underlying quality of the Group's earnings. In November 1999 the Board stated that it believed that shareholder value would be enhanced through the sale of the Agricultural Products activities, allowing the market to recognise the value of our Financial Services businesses. That value has been demonstrated by the strong performance of the Group's shares following that announcement and the subsequent sale, generating a Total Return to shareholders of 87% over the year to March 2000. Reflecting this new business focus, we are proposing to change the name of the Company to Man Group plc, and a resolution to effect this is being proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. This major reorganisation of the Group has not been without financial cost. In our Interim Report the Board had warned that it anticipated significant Agricultural Products restructuring costs in the second half of the year. The disposal of the Agricultural Products activities in March resulted in a loss on disposal of £61.7 million (including goodwill write back of £21.9 million) effectively replacing the anticipated restructuring costs. In March, we also sold our US peanut shelling operations at a pre-tax loss of £7.5 million and in addition, have recognised a £3 million impairment of the US peanut processing assets sold on 6 June 2000. GROUP STRATEGY AND OUTLOOK The Board has demonstrated its ability and willingness to create shareholder value through business focus, and remains committed to generating long-term returns to shareholders through financial performance and capital management. Our Financial Services businesses each have leading positions in growing markets and we will continue to develop them both organically and through acquisition. We aim to deliver significant growth in underlying earnings per share, whilst accepting some headline earnings volatility due to variation in the level of performance related income earned by our Asset Management business. In Asset Management, our key focus is a continued increase in assets under management, through the construction, marketing and distribution of high margin specialist fund products. We will achieve this through continued investment in product innovation, financial engineering and asset distribution. We will further widen the range of products we can offer to our client base through the purchase of stakes in additional specialised asset managers with complementary trading styles. We also plan to expand distribution where we see our traditional strength in retail markets being increasingly complemented by growing institutional interest in alternative investment products. In Brokerage, our key objective is to offer a premium execution and advisory service across a range of financial markets, whilst focusing resources on those product lines which offer the best growth opportunities and good returns on capital. We will achieve this through continuing to participate actively in the development of electronic trading systems and by taking advantage of opportunities arising from industry consolidation. We have made substantial investment in developing systems to offer Internet-based services to a growing number of retail clients in both the US and, more recently, Europe. The Group has a powerful market presence in the fast growing field of alternative investment products and has strategically positioned itself in the high-margin private client sector. We see continued strong demand for our specialist products, especially in periods of uncertainty in world financial markets, and further growth in assets under management, both organically and through acquisition. We have a leading Brokerage business with international scale and see substantial opportunities to cross-sell our investment products to existing Brokerage clients and especially its fast growing retail client base. Shareholders have already seen the benefits of the Group's new focus. We are confident of our ability to deliver a high level of return to our shareholders through both growth in earnings per share and continued improvement in the underlying quality of those earnings. DIVIDENDS The Board proposes a final dividend of 9.3 pence per share, which together with the interim dividend of 4.3 pence per share, amounts to 13.6 pence, an increase of 7%. The final dividend will be paid on 1 September 2000 to shareholders on the register at the close of business on 7 July 2000. The shares will be quoted ex-dividend from 3 July 2000. The scrip dividend alternative will again be available in respect of the final dividend and a circular will be posted to shareholders on 21 July 2000. OPERATING REVIEW Asset Management Building on its strong growth record, Man Investment Products has made significant progress during the year. At £85.7 million, profits for the year are up slightly from last year, but funds under management are up 24%, from $3.8 billion to $4.7 billion, and underlying management fee income is ahead by 22%. It is this growth in management fees, earned on the increased level of assets under management, which results in an improvement in the quality of profits. Last year's profits were achieved as a result of an unusually high level of performance fee income. Our sales effort raised over $1.5 billion of new assets under management during the year and the sales momentum has continued well into this year with the successful launch in April of Man IP 220 Plus Series (2) raising $102 million. We launched 19 funds during the year, with an average launch size of $55 million, with strong demand in Switzerland, Asia and the Middle East. New money raised continued to be in funds with a duration of nine or ten years, further increasing the average maturity of funds under management. We continue to expand our sales network which at the year-end incorporated over 700 intermediaries, an increase of around 40% in 12 months. These intermediaries complement our own sales offices in Europe, the Middle East, the Americas and the Far East. We continue to invest in developing innovative product structures and in expanding the underlying capacity and diversity of approaches to asset management within our portfolio. During the year we made an investment in three new managers: Marin, Concordia and Tamiso. These new managers use a systematic approach to investing in a wide range of international futures, foreign exchange and securities markets on a basis which complements our existing managers. We often combine new trading styles with those of our established managers in composite funds, which enables us to offer clients the potential for superior returns with the benefit of lower levels of relative risk afforded by the diversification. Brokerage Man International had another year of strong performance, reporting profits of £23.7 million, although the impact of quieter markets in the second half of the year over the millennium period led to profits slightly below the record level of last year. We have maintained our market position across all the major exchanges on which Man International operates. On the revenue side, we have enjoyed organic growth in our core energy, financial futures and metals franchises as well as very strong growth in our US equities business. Against this, we saw a decline in foreign exchange revenues as a consequence of the introduction of the Euro in January 1999. We have also benefited from the full integration of the Investor Services business we acquired in July 1998 as well as a contribution from the financial futures business acquired from Tullet & Tokyo in September 1999. We have achieved a reduction in per-ticket processing costs which was the result of both the application of new technology and close control of overheads. Further, there have been savings made in overall transactional costs as a consequence of the migration of the bulk of European futures and options trading from floor-based to screen trading platforms. This process has yet to begin in the US, but we expect further savings when it does. We work proactively with clients to develop technological solutions which meet their needs efficiently while enhancing our service levels and product offerings. During the year we successfully rolled out our Internet trading product so that today, over 40% of all our US private client futures activity is now transacted through that medium. We are also very encouraged by the continued rapid growth of our European retail businesses. ADDITIONAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION Returns to shareholders Measured in terms of total return to shareholders, the last year has been very successful, with a return of 87%. Over the last three years total return to shareholders, reflecting the increase in share price and gross dividends together, has averaged 49% per annum. Diluted earnings per share before exceptional items on our continuing operations have grown by an average of 68% per annum over the last three years. Over the same period we have grown the dividend by an average of 8% per annum. The year's dividend is covered 2.4 times by continuing earnings. This is similar to last year, and consistent with the lower capital requirements of our Financial Services businesses. Sale of the Agricultural Products businesses The most significant event of the year was the sale of the Group's Agricultural Products business to a management buyout group ('Newco') which included certain directors of the Company. As a related party transaction, and also in view of its size, the disposal required shareholder approval, which was given at an Extraordinary General Meeting of shareholders on 13 March 2000, with the transaction subsequently completing on 24 March 2000. Newco acquired all the issued share capital of Agman Holdings Limited ('Agman', the holding company of the Agricultural Products business) for a total value of £569 million. The effective consideration was satisfied by the redesignation to 'A' ordinary shares of 14,615,836 E D & F Man Group plc shares held by certain members of the management buyout group with an agreed value for the purposes of the transaction of £60.2 million, and the repayment or assumption by Newco at completion of the net debt of the Agricultural Products business of £508.8 million. The Group's net assets were reduced by £60.2 million and the listed issued ordinary share capital was reduced by 14,615,836 shares as a consequence of the transaction. The transaction was immediately earnings enhancing to the Group as losses incurred by Agricultural Products were eliminated. On a per share basis, the beneficial earnings effect of the redesignation and subsequent cancellation was negligible for the year, since it was effective at the end of the year and had little impact on the weighted average shares in issue that year. The effect on continuing earnings per share will be more significant in the year to March 2001. The sale of Agricultural Products resulted in an exceptional loss on disposal of £61.7 million. This includes a charge of £21.9 million in relation to goodwill previously written off against reserves. To facilitate the transaction, the Group also subscribed $100 million (£62.9 million) for Newco Loan Notes which will be subordinated to Newco's financing and trade creditors. In turn, Newco granted to the Group warrants to subscribe for up to 10% of the ordinary issued share capital of Newco, giving the Group the opportunity to participate in any future growth of these activities. On completion, the net debt of Agman was repaid by Newco, resulting in a net cash inflow to the Group of £445.9 million, being a reduction in net debt of £508.8 million, together with the subscription for $100 million (£62.9 million) of Newco Loan Notes. The disposal of Agricultural Products did not include our US nut operations, for which sale negotiations were already under way, or our 25 per cent interests in each of Sugar Australia and New Zealand Sugar, refining and distribution businesses which operate independently of the Agricultural Products business, and which have recently returned to profitability. Subsequently, on 31 March 2000 we completed the disposal of our US peanut shelling business, generating a pre-tax exceptional loss of £7.5 million (£5.8 million net of tax). On completion, we received £60.7 million in cash plus the discharge of £12.3 million of third party bank indebtedness. The sale of the remainder of our US nut processing business was completed on 6 June 2000 for a consideration of £8 million. An impairment provision of £3.0 million has been recognised in the results for the year to March 2000 to write down the assets of the US nut processing business to their recoverable amount. The trading results in the year of both of the nut processing activities are included in discontinued operations. Financial capacity The Group finances its borrowing requirements primarily through a number of commercial banks. We have restructured our debt financing facilities through a two year $835 million committed revolving credit facility with a number of leading banks, and revised the covenant structure to reflect the Group's new business focus and to provide flexibility for the future. In addition, the Group has uncommitted facilities available to it of $313 million. Cash usage at year-end was £329.5 million. Total undrawn committed facilities at the year-end were £281.8 million (1999: £493.2 million). Cash receipts from the sale of Agricultural Products and the US nut shelling activities have reduced gearing significantly to 24% (1999: 140%) notwithstanding the reduction in net assets flowing from the transaction structure. Historically the Group's gearing has been higher, but with the change in the business we would expect it to remain at lower levels. Summary of results Profits from continuing operations increased in the year, up 4% to £111.5 million, with a significant improvement in underlying earnings quality. Asset Management matched the record profit level of last year with an increase in underlying management fees, up 22% from £45.5 million to £55.5 million, but lower performance related fees reflecting overall lower product performance. Brokerage reported a slightly lower result, impacted by the reduction in liquidity and transaction volume in most futures markets around 31 December 1999. The profit from Sugar Australia is contained within continuing operations, with a positive contribution of £2.1 million being made for the year. Profits from continuing businesses in the second half of £57.8 million were higher than the first half of £53.7 million. Discontinued operations, which incorporate the results of the Agricultural Products businesses sold to the management buyout group for the period up to 24 March 2000, and the US nuts businesses sold before and after the year-end, reported an aggregate pre-exceptional loss for the period of £34.5 million. These businesses reported a pre-exceptional loss of £10.6 million in the first half of the year and an exceptional restructuring charge of £42.8 million. These activities continued to experience difficult trading environments in the second half, particularly sugar and nuts, prior to their disposal. Operating income is principally denominated in US dollars which are translated into sterling for the UK statutory accounts. There has been a positive translation effect from currency movements of £2.4 million with an average rate for the year of $1.6114 (1999: $1.6476). Interest income, earned principally through investment of client funds, forms a significant part of the profits of our Financial Services businesses. Accordingly net interest payable last year reversed to become net interest income for the year. Taxation The tax charge for the year amounted to £16.7 million. The effective rate on continuing operations was 22%, compared with 24.4% last year. The reduction in rate is a consequence of a change in geographical split of the Group's worldwide profits. Cash flow Net debt was reduced by £485.5 million from £546.9 million to £61.4 million primarily as a result of the sale of the Agricultural Products activities, which settled £508.8 million of debt, and the disposal of the US nuts activities which reduced debt by a further £60.7 million net. After an adverse currency translation adjustment of £2.1 million there was an overall cash outflow of £85.4 million. This includes an operating cash outflow of £12.8 million (after taking account of the investment of £62.9 million in Newco Loan Notes), capital expenditure of £17.1 million, taxation of £13.9 million and dividends of £28.8 million. Balance sheet The sale of the Agricultural Products activities has reduced the scale of the balance sheet and affected the asset mix. The Group balance sheet now reflects a Financial Services business, although at year-end the assets and liabilities of our nuts processing activities, which were sold on 6 June 2000, were still owned by the Group and as such are reflected in the balance sheet, although these amounts are not significant. The investment in Sugar Australia is included within 'Investments in associates'. The increase in the level of debtors and creditors can be attributed principally to the expansion in our securities and stock loan businesses. Within Asset Management the provision by the Group of financing facilities to some of the funds has also resulted in an increase in debtors and borrowings. Tangible fixed assets Capital expenditure on tangible fixed assets was £15.9 million (1999: £33.7 million) compared to depreciation in the year of £20.5 million. Disposals with a net book value of £135.6 million were made as a result of the sale of the Agricultural Products activities and US nut shelling operations. The closing balance sheet includes £4.5 million of fixed assets which relate to our US nut processing activities. Millennium programme The Group undertook an extensive programme to ensure that all operating and computer systems were Year 2000 compliant. The results of this effort were positive and no operating difficulties or interruptions were experienced. Annual General Meeting The Company's Annual General Meeting will be held at 11 am on Thursday 31 August 2000, at the Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE. GROUP PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT for the year ended 31 March 2000 2000 1999 Continuing Discont'd Continuing Discont'd operations operations Total operations operations Total £m £m £m £m £m £m Net operating income 216.2 107.6 323.8 194.8 130.9 325.7 Operating expense (141.5) (109.6)(251.1) (119.2) (99.2) (218.4) Exceptional operating expense - (3.0) (3.0) - - - Operating profit/(loss) 74.7 (5.0) 69.7 75.6 31.7 107.3 Share of operating profit/(loss)from joint ventures and associates 6.7 (0.7) 6.0 3.9 3.1 7.0 Total operating profit/(loss) 81.4 (5.7) 75.7 79.5 34.8 114.3 Exceptional items Loss on sale of Agricultural Products businesses - (69.2) (69.2) - - - Restructuring costs - (44.3) (44.3) - - - Net interest income/(expense) 30.1 (28.8) 1.3 27.8 (34.1) (6.3) Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities before taxation 111.5 (148.0) (36.5) 107.3 0.7 108.0 Taxation (24.5) 7.8 (16.7) (26.2) (3.5) (29.7) Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities after taxation 87.0 (140.2) (53.2) 81.1 (2.8) 78.3 Equity minority interests - (1.1) (1.1) (0.5) (1.4) (1.9) Profit/(loss)for the financial year 87.0 (141.3) (54.3) 80.6 (4.2) 76.4 Ordinary dividends (33.8) (31.8) Dividend in specie (60.2) - Retained (loss)/profit (148.3) 44.6 Earnings per share on continuing operations Basic 34.2p 32.3p Diluted 32.3p 30.2p Earnings per share including exceptional items Basic (21.3p) 30.6p Diluted (20.2p) 28.6p Dividends per share Interim 4.3p 4.0p Final proposed 9.3p 8.7p Historical cost profits and losses are not materially different from those shown above. GROUP BALANCE SHEET at 31 March 2000 2000 1999 £m £m Fixed assets Intangible fixed assets 6.5 6.0 Tangible fixed assets 27.8 165.1 Investments Investments in joint ventures Share of gross assets 12.1 34.4 Share of gross liabilities (2.7) (22.2) 9.4 12.2 Investments in associates 17.0 41.5 Other investments 13.3 18.4 74.0 243.2 Current assets Stocks 3.0 378.3 Debtors 1,277.7 1,100.3 Investments 75.0 121.0 Cash at bank and in hand 268.1 119.4 1,623.8 1,719.0 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year (1,164.3) (1,048.1) Net current assets 459.5 670.9 Total assets less current liabilities 533.5 914.1 Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year (275.7) (507.0) Provisions for liabilities and charges (7.5) (15.6) Net assets 250.3 391.5 Capital and reserves Called up share capital 27.0 26.8 Share premium account 36.1 35.6 Capital reserve 0.1 0.1 Profit and loss account 187.1 312.5 Shareholders' funds (including non-equity interests) 250.3 375.0 Equity minority interests - 16.5 250.3 391.5 GROUP CASH FLOW STATEMENT for the year ended 31 March 2000 2000 1999 £m £m Net cash (outflow)/inflow from operating activities (12.8) 72.8 Dividends from joint ventures - 0.4 Dividends from associates 9.3 8.7 Returns on investments and servicing of finance (5.5) (6.8) Taxation paid (13.9) (11.9) Capital expenditure and financial investment (17.1) (40.8) Acquisitions and disposals (17.3) 8.2 Equity dividends paid (28.8) (25.7) Net cash (outflow)/inflow (86.1) 4.9 Management of liquid resources (7.5) (10.4) Financing 200.7 69.5 Increase in cash 107.1 64.0 RECONCILIATION OF NET CASH FLOW TO MOVEMENT IN NET DEBT for the year ended 31 March 2000 2000 1999 £m £m Increase in cash 107.1 64.0 Cash inflow from movement in debt (200.0) (67.2) Cash outflow from movement in liquid resources 7.5 10.4 Change in net debt resulting from cash flows (85.4) 7.2 Net debt of businesses and subsidiaries acquired (9.2) - Debt disposed of with businesses and subsidiaries 582.2 - Currency translation difference (2.1) (20.1) Movement in net debt 485.5 (12.9) Opening net debt (546.9) (534.0) Closing net debt (61.4) (546.9) GROUP STATEMENT OF TOTAL RECOGNISED GAINS AND LOSSES for the year ended 31 March 2000 2000 1999 £m £m (Loss)/profit for the financial year (54.3) 76.4 Currency translation difference taken directly to reserves (3.1) 8.6 Tax on translation difference taken through reserves (0.1) 1.4 Total recognised (losses)/gains relating to the year (57.5) 86.4 RECONCILIATION OF MOVEMENTS IN SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS for the year ended 31 March 2000 2000 1999 £m £m (Loss)/profit for the financial year (54.3) 76.4 Ordinary dividends (33.8) (31.8) Dividend in specie (60.2) - Retained (loss)/earnings (148.3) 44.6 Other recognised gains and losses relating to the year (3.2) 10.0 Issue of ordinary share capital 0.7 2.3 Amount added back in respect of scrip dividends 4.0 5.5 Goodwill written off on acquisitions - (4.8) Goodwill written back on disposals 22.1 0.2 Net (decrease)/increase in shareholders' funds (124.7) 57.8 Opening shareholders' funds 375.0 317.2 Closing shareholders' funds 250.3 375.0 NOTES 1. BASIS OF PREPARATION The financial information contained herein has been prepared on the basis of the accounting policies set out in the Annual Report for the year to 31 March 2000. The financial information contained herein is abridged and does not constitute statutory accounts as defined by Section 240 of the Companies Act 1985. Statutory accounts for the year to 31 March 2000, upon which the auditors have indicated their intention to give an unqualified report, will shortly be delivered to the Registrar of Companies and will be posted to shareholders on 15 June 2000. The accounts for the year ended 31 March 1999 were unqualified and have been delivered to the Registrar of Companies. 2. EXCEPTIONAL OPERATING EXPENSE This represents a £3m impairment charge against the assets of our US nut processing facilities to their recoverable amounts. 3. NON-OPERATING EXCEPTIONAL ITEMS 2000 1999 £m £m Loss on sale of Agricultural Products businesses: Excess of net asset value over effective consideration on sale to management buyout group 39.8 - Goodwill written back from reserves 21.9 - Loss on sale to management buyout group 61.7 Loss on sale of US nuts business (including goodwill written back from reserves of £0.1m) 7.5 - Loss on sale of Agricultural Products businesses 69.2 - Restructuring costs 44.3 - 113.5 - The sale of the Agricultural Products businesses to a management buyout group was completed on 24 March 2000. The sale of our US nuts processing business was completed on 31 March 2000 resulting in a loss of £7.5m (£5.8m net of tax). The restructuring costs of £44.3m (£42.4m net of tax) principally relate to the restructuring of the Sugar business prior to its disposal. 4. SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PROFIT ON ORDINARY ACTIVITIES BEFORE TAXATION 2000 1999 Continuing Discont'd Continuing Discont'd operations operations Total operations operations Total £m £m £m £m £m £m Business segment Asset Management 85.7 - 85.7 85.0 - 85.0 Brokerage 23.7 - 23.7 25.2 - 25.2 Financial Services 109.4 - 109.4 110.2 - 110.2 Sugar & Molasses 2.1 (6.8) (4.7) (2.9) (17.3) (20.2) Ingredients - (27.7) (27.7) - 18.0 18.0 Agricultural Products 2.1 (34.5) (32.4) (2.9) 0.7 (2.2) Total profit before exceptional items 111.5 (34.5) 77.0 107.3 0.7 108.0 Exceptional items - Agricultural Products - (113.5) (113.5) - - - 111.5 (148.0) (36.5) 107.3 0.7 108.0 5. DIVIDENDS 2000 1999 £m £m Ordinary shares Interim paid 11.0 10.0 Final proposed 22.8 21.8 33.8 31.8 Under the scrip dividend arrangements, £4.0m (1999: £5.5m) of the dividends paid during the year were paid in the form of shares and have therefore been added back to reserves. In addition, on 24 March 2000 a demerger dividend in specie of £60.2 million was paid to holders of E D & F Man Group plc 'A' ordinary shares. 6. EARNINGS PER SHARE The calculation of basic earnings per ordinary share is based on a loss for the year of £54.3m (1999: £76.4m profit) and 254,438,521 (1999: 249,543,107) ordinary shares, being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year after excluding the shares owned by the E D & F Man Group plc employee trusts. The diluted earnings per share is based on a loss for the year of £54.3m (1999: £76.4m profit) and on 271,896,637 (1999: 267,276,202) ordinary shares, calculated as follows: 2000 1999 Number Number Basic weighted average number of shares 254,438,521 249,543,107 Dilutive potential ordinary shares: Share awards under incentive schemes 13,713,935 16,672,677 Employee share options 908,592 1,060,418 269,061,048 267,276,202 Both basic and diluted earnings per share on continuing operations are based on profits for the year of £87.0m (1999: £80.6m) and upon the numbers of ordinary shares as above. 7. OPERATING ACTIVITIES 2000 1999 £m £m Operating profit 69.7 107.3 Depreciation of tangible fixed assets 20.5 22.2 Amortisation of goodwill 1.0 0.8 Loss on sale of tangible fixed assets 0.1 0.1 Loss on sale of fixed asset investments - 0.4 Decrease in stocks 8.4 26.3 Increase in debtors (565.3) (189.9) Decrease/(increase) in short-term investments 43.8 (28.8) Increase in creditors 413.5 134.4 Restructuring costs (4.5) - (12.8) 72.8 8. EXCHANGE RATES The following rates of exchange have been used in preparing these accounts: Year-end rates Average rates 2000 1999 2000 1999 US dollar 1.60 1.62 1.61 1.65

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