HSBC USA Inc 2Q 2014 Form 10-Q - Part 1

RNS Number : 1230O
HSBC Holdings PLC
04 August 2014
 




UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND

EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

 

ý

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2014 

OR

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number 1-7436

HSBC USA Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

 

Maryland


13-2764867

(State of incorporation)


(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

452 Fifth Avenue, New York


10018

(Address of principal executive offices)


(Zip Code)

(212) 525-5000

Registrant's telephone number, including area code

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý  No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý  No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer


o

Accelerated filer


o

Non-accelerated filer


ý

Smaller reporting company


o

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  o  No  ý

 

As of July 31, 2014, there were 713 shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding, all of which are owned by HSBC North America Inc.

 



TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Part/Item No.



Part I


Page

Item 1.

Financial Statements (Unaudited):



Consolidated Statement of Income..........................................................................................................................



Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss).................................................................................



Consolidated Balance Sheet.....................................................................................................................................



Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity.............................................................................



Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows..................................................................................................................



Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements..................................................................................................


Item 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:........................



Forward-Looking Statements...................................................................................................................................



Executive Overview....................................................................................................................................................



Basis of Reporting......................................................................................................................................................



Balance Sheet Review................................................................................................................................................



Results of Operations................................................................................................................................................



Segment Results - IFRSs Basis................................................................................................................................



Credit Quality..............................................................................................................................................................



Liquidity and Capital Resources..............................................................................................................................



Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.............................................................................................................................



Fair Value.....................................................................................................................................................................



Risk Management.......................................................................................................................................................



Consolidated Average Balances and Interest Rates.............................................................................................


Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk..............................................................................


Item 4.

Controls and Procedures............................................................................................................................................


Part II



Item 1.

Legal Proceedings.......................................................................................................................................................


Item 5.

Other Information........................................................................................................................................................


Item 6.

Exhibits..........................................................................................................................................................................


Index.........................................................................................................................................................................................................


Signatures...............................................................................................................................................................................................


 


PART I


Item 1.    Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 



 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Interest income:












Loans.................................................................................................................................

$

471



$

478



$

935



$

942


Securities...........................................................................................................................

194



225



401



453


Trading assets..................................................................................................................

65



27



113



51


Short-term investments...................................................................................................

20



16



36



30


Other..................................................................................................................................

12



11



22



21


Total interest income...........................................................................................................

762



757



1,507



1,497


Interest expense:












Deposits............................................................................................................................

36



56



71



99


Short-term borrowings....................................................................................................

14



8



23



17


Long-term debt.................................................................................................................

152



166



322



333


Other..................................................................................................................................

(113

)


9



(101

)


25


Total interest expense..........................................................................................................

89



239



315



474


Net interest income...............................................................................................................

673



518



1,192



1,023


Provision for credit losses...................................................................................................

85



67



101



88


Net interest income after provision for credit losses.....................................................

588



451



1,091



935


Other revenues:












Credit card fees.................................................................................................................

13



21



27



34


Other fees and commissions..........................................................................................

182



176



355



346


Trust income.....................................................................................................................

32



31



63



63


Trading revenue...............................................................................................................

15



127



148



271


Net other-than-temporary impairment losses(1)...........................................................

(5

)


-



(7

)


-


Other securities gains (losses), net...............................................................................

(7

)


23



15



154


Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates.............................................................

51



59



98



113


Residential mortgage banking revenue........................................................................

22



9



70



55


Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives..........

(44

)


95



(16

)


88


Other income.....................................................................................................................

2



25



8



34


Total other revenues............................................................................................................

261



566



761



1,158


Operating expenses:












Salaries and employee benefits......................................................................................

223



247



438



499


Support services from HSBC affiliates..........................................................................

385



362



739



686


Occupancy expense, net.................................................................................................

52



57



109



116


Other expenses.................................................................................................................

216



100



340



233


Total operating expenses....................................................................................................

876



766



1,626



1,534


Income (loss) before income tax..........................................................................................

(27

)


251



226



559


Income tax expense (benefit)...............................................................................................

(206

)


71



(57

)


196


Net income.............................................................................................................................

$

179



$

180



$

283



$

363


 


(1)        During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") losses on securities held-to-maturity totaling $5 million and $7 million, respectively, were recognized in other revenues. There were no losses in the non-credit component of such impaired securities reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"), net of tax during the periods. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, there were no OTTI losses on securities recognized in other revenues and no OTTI loss on securities were recognized in the non-credit component in AOCI, net of tax.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Net income..............................................................................................................................

$

179



$

180



$

283



$

363


Net change in unrealized gains (losses), net of tax:












Securities available-for-sale..........................................................................................

175



(585

)


305



(735

)

Other-than-temporarily impaired debt securities held-to-maturity.........................

2



-



3



-


Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges.............................................................

(15

)


51



(35

)


74


Total other comprehensive income (loss).........................................................................

162



(534

)


273



(661

)

Comprehensive income (loss).............................................................................................

$

341



$

(354

)


$

556



$

(298

)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 


 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (UNAUDITED)


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions, except share data)

Assets(1)






Cash and due from banks.....................................................................................................................................

$

2,325



$

961


Interest bearing deposits with banks...................................................................................................................

23,946



19,614


Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell.............................................................

2,311



2,119


Trading assets......................................................................................................................................................

25,156



28,894


Securities available-for-sale..................................................................................................................................

44,778



54,906


Securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $1.4 billion and $1.5 billion at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively)..........................................................................................................................................

1,205



1,358


Loans...................................................................................................................................................................

72,198



67,695


Less - allowance for credit losses........................................................................................................................

624



606


Loans, net.......................................................................................................................................................

71,574



67,089


Loans held for sale (includes $159 million and $58 million designated under fair value option at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively)............................................................................................................

500



230


Properties and equipment, net.............................................................................................................................

250



269


Intangible assets, net............................................................................................................................................

240



295


Goodwill..............................................................................................................................................................

1,612



1,612


Other assets.........................................................................................................................................................

8,321



8,140


Total assets...........................................................................................................................................................

$

182,218



$

185,487


Liabilities(1)






Debt:






Deposits in domestic offices:






Noninterest bearing...................................................................................................................................

$

32,220



$

29,707


Interest bearing (includes $7.7 billion designated under fair value option at both June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively)........................................................................................................

65,734



62,903


Deposits in foreign offices:






Noninterest bearing...................................................................................................................................

1,440



1,364


Interest bearing..........................................................................................................................................

16,127



18,634


Total deposits.................................................................................................................................................

115,521



112,608


Short-term borrowings...................................................................................................................................

12,906



19,135


Long-term debt (includes $8.3 billion and $7.6 billion designated under fair value option at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively).......................................................................................................

24,604



22,847


Total debt.............................................................................................................................................................

153,031



154,590


Trading liabilities.................................................................................................................................................

8,815



10,875


Interest, taxes and other liabilities.......................................................................................................................

3,388



3,558


Total liabilities....................................................................................................................................................

165,234



169,023


Shareholders' equity






Preferred stock.....................................................................................................................................................

1,565



1,565


Common shareholder's equity:






Common stock ($5 par; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 713 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013)..............................................................................................................

-



-


Additional paid-in capital.........................................................................................................................

14,106



14,106


Retained earnings......................................................................................................................................

1,199



952


Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).....................................................................................

114



(159

)

Total common shareholder's equity.....................................................................................................................

15,419



14,899


Total shareholders' equity...................................................................................................................................

16,984



16,464


Total liabilities and shareholders' equity...........................................................................................................

$

182,218



$

185,487


 


(1)        The following table summarizes assets and liabilities related to our consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 which are consolidated on our balance sheet. Assets and liabilities exclude intercompany balances that eliminate in consolidation. See Note 16, "Variable Interest Entities," for additional information.

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Assets






Interest bearing deposits with banks...........................................................................................................

$

3



$

5


Securities held-to-maturity.........................................................................................................................

157



200


Other assets...............................................................................................................................................

458



502


Total assets................................................................................................................................................

$

618



$

707


Liabilities






Long-term debt..........................................................................................................................................

92



92


Interest, taxes and other liabilities.............................................................................................................

71



93


Total liabilities...........................................................................................................................................

$

163



$

185


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 


 

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

Six Months Ended June 30,

2014



2013



(dollars are in millions)

Preferred stock






Balance at beginning and end of period.................................................................................................................

$

1,565



$

1,565


Common stock






Balance at beginning and end of period...............................................................................................................

-



-


Additional paid-in capital






Balance at beginning of period.............................................................................................................................

14,106



14,123


Other...................................................................................................................................................................

-



(33

)

Balance at end of period......................................................................................................................................

14,106



14,090


Retained earnings






Balance at beginning of period.............................................................................................................................

952



1,363


Net income..........................................................................................................................................................

283



363


Cash dividends declared on preferred stock........................................................................................................

(36

)


(36

)

Balance at end of period......................................................................................................................................

1,199



1,690


Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)






Balance at beginning of period.............................................................................................................................

(159

)


785


Adjustment to add other-than-temporary impairment on securities held-to-maturity due to the consolidation of a variable interest entity..............................................................................................................................

-



(67

)

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax...................................................................................................

273



(661

)

Balance at end of period......................................................................................................................................

114



57


Total common shareholder's equity....................................................................................................................

$

15,419



$

15,837


Total shareholders' equity...................................................................................................................................

$

16,984



$

17,402


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 


 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

Six Months Ended June 30,

2014



2013



(in millions)

Cash flows from operating activities






Net income..................................................................................................................................................................

$

283



$

363


Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:






Depreciation and amortization..............................................................................................................................

56



175


Provision for credit losses.....................................................................................................................................

101



88


Net realized gains on securities available-for-sale..................................................................................................

(15

)


(146

)

Realized (gains) losses on securities held-to-maturity..........................................................................................

7



(8

)

Net change in other assets and liabilities...............................................................................................................

(538

)


154


Net change in loans held for sale:






Originations of loans........................................................................................................................................

(654

)


(1,043

)

Sales and collection of loans held for sale.........................................................................................................

537



1,246


Net change in trading assets and liabilities.............................................................................................................

1,678



4,064


Lower of amortized cost or fair value adjustments on loans held for sale.............................................................

-



9


Loss (gain) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives..........................................................

16



(88

)

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities...................................................................................................

1,471



4,814


Cash flows from investing activities






Net change in interest bearing deposits with banks....................................................................................................

(4,332

)


(16,522

)

Net change in federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell...............................................

(192

)


1,750


Securities available-for-sale:






Purchases of securities available-for-sale...............................................................................................................

(6,512

)


(13,876

)

Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale...............................................................................................

15,999



22,216


Proceeds from maturities of securities available-for-sale.......................................................................................

1,541



4,745


Securities held-to-maturity:






Proceeds from sales of securities held-to-maturity...............................................................................................

-



79


Proceeds from maturities of securities held-to-maturity.......................................................................................

153



233


Change in loans:






Originations, net of collections..............................................................................................................................

(5,441

)


(3,616

)

Loans sold to third parties.....................................................................................................................................

692



490


Net cash used for acquisitions of properties and equipment......................................................................................

(10

)


(15

)

Other, net....................................................................................................................................................................

10



(15

)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities....................................................................................................

1,908



(4,531

)

Cash flows from financing activities






Net change in deposits................................................................................................................................................

2,755



(5,894

)

Debt:






Net change in short-term borrowings....................................................................................................................

(6,229

)


6,046


Issuance of long-term debt.....................................................................................................................................

3,887



2,875


Repayment of long-term debt................................................................................................................................

(2,392

)


(3,289

)

Other increases (decreases) in capital surplus............................................................................................................

-



(33

)

Dividends paid............................................................................................................................................................

(36

)


(36

)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities....................................................................................................

(2,015

)


(331

)

Net change in cash and due from banks......................................................................................................................

1,364



(48

)

Cash and due from banks at beginning of period........................................................................................................

961



1,359


Cash and due from banks at end of period................................................................................................................

$

2,325



$

1,311


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

 

Note


Page


Note


Page

1


Organization and Presentation.................................



11


Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)...........................................................................


2


Trading Assets and Liabilities.................................



12


Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits...........


3


Securities.....................................................................



13


Related Party Transactions......................................


4


Loans...........................................................................



14


Business Segments....................................................


5


Allowance for Credit Losses....................................



15


Retained Earnings and Regulatory Capital Requirements..............................................................


6


Loans Held for Sale....................................................



16


Variable Interest Entities...........................................


7


Intangible Assets.......................................................



17


Guarantee Arrangements, Pledged Assets and Collateral......................................................................


8


Goodwill.......................................................................



18


Fair Value Measurements..........................................


9


Derivative Financial Instruments.............................



19


Litigation and Regulatory Matters..........................


10


Fair Value Option........................................................



20


New Accounting Pronouncements.........................


 


1.     Organization and Presentation

 


HSBC USA Inc. ("HSBC USA"), incorporated under the laws of Maryland, is a New York State based bank holding company and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of HSBC North America Holdings Inc. ("HSBC North America"), which is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of HSBC Holdings plc ("HSBC" and, together with its subsidiaries, "HSBC Group"). The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of HSBC USA and its subsidiaries (collectively "HUSI") have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X, as well as in accordance with predominant practices within the banking industry. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods have been made. HUSI may also be referred to in these notes to the consolidated financial statements as "we", "us" or "our". These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 (the "2013 Form 10-K"). Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Interim results should not be considered indicative of results in future periods.

On January 1, 2014, we adopted new accounting guidance on the presentation of Low Income Housing Tax Credit ("LIHTC") investments and related tax benefits. See Note 20, "New Accounting Pronouncements," for further details and related impacts.

During the second quarter of 2014, we concluded certain state and local tax audits resulting in the settlement of significant uncertain tax positions covering a number of years. As a result, we released tax reserves previously maintained in relation to the periods and issues under review which resulted in an income tax benefit of $183 million during the quarter. In addition, we released our accrued interest associated with the tax reserves released which resulted in a $120 million benefit to interest expense during the quarter.

 

 


2.    Trading Assets and Liabilities

 


Trading assets and liabilities consisted of the following.

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Trading assets:






U.S. Treasury......................................................................................................................................................

$

2,717



$

1,344


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed............................................................................................

20



19


U.S. Government sponsored enterprises(1)....................................................................................................

115



159


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions..................................................................................

27



25


Asset backed securities....................................................................................................................................

494



481


Corporate and foreign bonds...........................................................................................................................

6,931



9,099


Other securities..................................................................................................................................................

21



25


Precious metals...................................................................................................................................................

10,477



11,751


Derivatives..........................................................................................................................................................

4,354



5,991



$

25,156



$

28,894


Trading liabilities:






Securities sold, not yet purchased..................................................................................................................

$

771



$

308


Payables for precious metals............................................................................................................................

3,037



3,826


Derivatives..........................................................................................................................................................

5,007



6,741



$

8,815



$

10,875


 


(1)        Includes mortgage backed securities of $88 million and $133 million issued or guaranteed by the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA") and
 
$27 million and $26 million issued or guaranteed by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC") at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the fair value of derivatives included in trading assets has been reduced by $3,128 million and $3,870 million, respectively, relating to amounts recognized for the obligation to return cash collateral received under master netting agreements with derivative counterparties.

At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the fair value of derivatives included in trading liabilities has been reduced by $2,277 million and $2,116 million, respectively, relating to amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral paid under master netting agreements with derivative counterparties.

See Note 9, "Derivative Financial Instruments," for further information on our trading derivatives and related collateral.

 


3.     Securities

 


Our securities available-for-sale and securities held-to-maturity portfolios consisted of the following:

 

June 30, 2014

Amortized

Cost


Non-Credit Loss Component of OTTI Securities


Unrealized

Gains


Unrealized

Losses


Fair

Value


(in millions)

Securities available-for-sale:















U.S. Treasury....................................................................................

$

19,506



$

-



$

392



$

(31

)


$

19,867


U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:(1)















Mortgage-backed securities......................................................

182



-



-



(5

)


177


Collateralized mortgage obligations.........................................

39



-



-



-



39


Direct agency obligations..........................................................

4,114



-



243



(11

)


4,346


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:















Mortgage-backed securities......................................................

9,904



-



192



(212

)


9,884


Collateralized mortgage obligations.........................................

4,871



-



13



(97

)


4,787


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions.................

728



-



12



(10

)


730


Asset backed securities collateralized by:















Residential mortgages................................................................

1



-



-



-



1


Commercial mortgages...............................................................

85



-



1



-



86


Home equity.................................................................................

104



-



-



(10

)


94


Other.............................................................................................

105



-



-



(11

)


94


Foreign debt securities(2).................................................................

4,503



-



12



(8

)


4,507


Equity securities...............................................................................

165



-



3



(2

)


166


Total available-for-sale securities.......................................................

$

44,307



$

-



$

868



$

(397

)


$

44,778


Securities held-to-maturity:















U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:(3)















Mortgage-backed securities......................................................

$

763



$

-



$

81



$

-



$

844


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:















Mortgage-backed securities......................................................

47



-



8



-



55


Collateralized mortgage obligations.........................................

194



-



23



-



217


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions.................

26



-



1



-



27


Asset-backed securities collateralized by residential mortgages..........................................................................................

18



-



1



-



19


Asset-backed securities and other debt securities held by a consolidated VIE(4)...........................................................................

255



(98

)


53



-



210


Total held-to-maturity securities....................................................

$

1,303



$

(98

)


$

167



$

-



$

1,372


 

December 31, 2013

Amortized

Cost


Non-Credit Loss Component of OTTI Securities


Unrealized

Gains


Unrealized

Losses


Fair

Value


(in millions)

Securities available-for-sale:















U.S. Treasury....................................................................................

$

27,716



$

-



$

391



$

(113

)


$

27,994


U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:(1)















Mortgage-backed securities.....................................................

159



-



-



(14

)


145


Collateralized mortgage obligations.........................................

41



-



-



(1

)


40


Direct agency obligations.........................................................

4,115



-



225



(16

)


4,324


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:















Mortgage-backed securities.....................................................

10,304



-



40



(342

)


10,002


Collateralized mortgage obligations.........................................

6,584



-



17



(154

)


6,447


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions................

755



-



12



(25

)


742


Asset backed securities collateralized by:















Residential mortgages................................................................

1



-



-



-



1


Commercial mortgages...............................................................

125



-



1



-



126


Home equity................................................................................

263



-



-



(36

)


227


Other.............................................................................................

100



-



-



(6

)


94


Foreign debt securities(2)................................................................

4,607



-



10



(15

)


4,602


Equity securities...............................................................................

165



-



2



(5

)


162


Total available-for-sale securities.......................................................

$

54,935



$

-



$

698



$

(727

)


$

54,906


Securities held-to-maturity:















U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:(3)















Mortgage-backed securities.....................................................

$

845



$

-



$

88



$

-



$

933


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:















Mortgage-backed securities.....................................................

52



-



8



-



60


Collateralized mortgage obligations.........................................

214



-



24



-



238


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions................

29



-



1



-



30


Asset-backed securities collateralized by residential mortgages..........................................................................................

18



-



1



-



19


Asset-backed securities and other debt securities held by a consolidated VIE(4)...........................................................................

304



(104

)


19



-



219


Total held-to-maturity securities.........................................................

$

1,462



$

(104

)


$

141



$

-



$

1,499


 


(1)        Includes securities at amortized cost of $189 million and $167 million issued or guaranteed by FNMA at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and $32 million and $33 million issued or guaranteed by FHLMC at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(2)        At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, foreign debt securities consisted of $1,140 million and $1,101 million, respectively, of securities fully backed by foreign governments. The remainder of foreign debt securities represents public sector entity, bank or corporate debt.

(3)        Includes securities at amortized cost of $357 million and $398 million issued or guaranteed by FNMA at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and $406 million and $447 million issued and guaranteed by FHLMC at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(4)        Relates to securities held by Bryant Park Funding LLC ("Bryant Park"), a variable interest entity which was consolidated in the second quarter of 2013. See Note 16, "Variable Interest Entities" for additional information.

The following table summarizes gross unrealized losses and related fair values as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 classified as to the length of time the losses have existed:

 


One Year or Less


Greater Than One Year

June 30, 2014

Number

of

Securities


Gross

Unrealized

Losses


Aggregate

Fair Value

of Investment


Number

of

Securities


Gross

Unrealized

Losses


Aggregate

Fair Value

of Investment


(dollars are in millions)

Securities available-for-sale:


















U.S. Treasury.................................................

4



$

(1

)


$

741



8



$

(30

)


$

2,128


U.S. Government sponsored enterprises...

18



(1

)


41



30



(15

)


612


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed..................................................

40



(224

)


2,317



48



(85

)


2,224


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions...............................................

14



(1

)


90



36



(9

)


336


Asset backed securities...............................

3



(11

)


115



7



(10

)


100


Foreign debt securities.................................

-



-



-



6



(8

)


2,470


Equity securities............................................

1



(2

)


157



-



-



-


Securities available-for-sale..............................

80



$

(240

)


$

3,461



135



$

(157

)


$

7,870


Securities held-to-maturity:


















U.S. Government sponsored enterprises...

13



$

-



$

-



49



$

-



$

-


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed..................................................

78



-



-



826



-



2


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions...............................................

1



-



1



4



-



2


Securities held-to-maturity...........................

92



$

-



$

1



879



$

-



$

4


 


One Year or Less


Greater Than One Year

December 31, 2013

Number

of

Securities


Gross

Unrealized

Losses


Aggregate

Fair Value

of Investment


Number

of

Securities


Gross

Unrealized

Losses


Aggregate

Fair Value

of Investment


(dollars are in millions)

Securities available-for-sale:


















U.S. Treasury..................................................

22



$

(82

)


$

16,958



6



$

(31

)


$

630


U.S. Government sponsored enterprises...

23



(12

)


400



20



(19

)


356


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed..................................................

170



(494

)


10,243



5



(2

)


23


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions...............................................

42



(19

)


330



5



(6

)


65


Asset backed securities................................

3



(6

)


115



10



(36

)


237


Foreign debt securities.................................

1



-



50



7



(15

)


2,916


     Equity securities.............................................

1



(5

)


154



-



-



-


Securities available-for-sale...............................

262



$

(618

)


$

28,250



53



$

(109

)


$

4,227


Securities held-to-maturity:


















U.S. Government sponsored enterprises...

13



$

-



$

-



48



$

-



$

-


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed..................................................

79



-



-



859



-



2


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions...............................................

7



-



4



2



-



1


Securities held-to-maturity................................

99



$

-



$

4



909



$

-



$

3


Net unrealized gains and losses increased within the available-for-sale portfolio in the six months ended June 30, 2014 due to sales of U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities that were in a net unrealized loss position at December 31, 2013 and a decrease in yields on U.S. Government agency securities and U.S. Treasury securities during the period.

We have reviewed the securities for which there is an unrealized loss for other-than-temporary impairment in accordance with our accounting policies, discussed further below. As a result of consolidating Bryant Park during the second quarter of 2013, we had held-to-maturity asset backed securities that were previously determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired which totaled $157 million and $200 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. We do not consider any other debt securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2014 as we expect to recover their amortized cost basis and we neither intend nor expect to be required to sell these securities prior to recovery, even if that equates to holding securities until their individual maturities. However, additional other-than-temporary impairments may occur in future periods if the credit quality of the securities deteriorates.

On-going Assessment for Other-Than-Temporary Impairment  On a quarterly basis, we perform an assessment to determine whether there have been any events or economic circumstances to indicate that a security with an unrealized loss has suffered other-than-temporary impairment. A debt security is considered impaired if its fair value is less than its amortized cost at the reporting date. If impaired, we assess whether the unrealized loss is other-than-temporary.

An unrealized loss is generally deemed to be other-than-temporary and a credit loss is deemed to exist if the present value of the expected future cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis of the debt security. As a result, the credit loss component of an other-than-temporary impairment write-down for debt securities is recorded in earnings while the remaining portion of the impairment loss attributable to factors other than credit loss is recognized, net of tax, in other comprehensive income provided we do not intend to sell the underlying debt security and it is more likely than not that we would not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery.

For all securities held in the available-for-sale or held-to-maturity portfolios for which unrealized losses attributed to factors other than credit have existed for a period of time, we do not have the intention to sell and believe we will not be required to sell the securities for contractual, regulatory or liquidity reasons as of the reporting date. Our assessment for credit loss was concentrated on private label asset-backed securities. Substantially all of the private label asset-backed securities are supported by residential mortgages, home equity loans or commercial mortgages. Our assessment for credit loss was concentrated on this particular asset class because of the following inherent risk factors:

•       The recovery of the U.S. economy has been slow;

•       The high levels of pending foreclosure volume associated with a U.S. housing market in the early stages of recovery;

•       A lack of significant traction in government sponsored programs in loan modifications;

•       A lack of refinancing activities within certain segments of the mortgage market, even at the current low interest rate environment, and the re-default rate for refinanced loans;

•       The unemployment rate although improving remains high compared with historical levels;

•       The decline in the occupancy rate in commercial properties; and

•       The severity and duration of unrealized loss.

For a complete description of the factors considered when analyzing debt securities for impairment, see Note 5, "Securities" in our 2013 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in our process for assessing impairment during 2014.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, none of our debt securities were determined to have initial other-than-temporary impairment while the debt securities held by Bryant Park were determined to have changes to their previous other-than-temporary impairment estimates related to the credit component. The additional credit losses associated with the impaired debt securities, which reflects the excess of amortized cost over the present value of expected future cash flows, were $5 million and $7 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, and were recorded as a component of net other-than-temporary impairment losses in the accompanying consolidated statement of income.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, none of our debt securities were determined to have either initial other-than-temporary impairment or changes to previous other-than-temporary impairment estimates relating to the credit component, as such, there were no other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized related to credit loss.

At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the excess of discounted future cash flows over fair value, representing the non-credit component of the unrealized loss associated with all other-than-temporary impaired securities which is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), was $98 million and $104 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes the rollforward of credit losses on debt securities that were other-than-temporarily impaired which have previously been recognized in income that we do not intend to sell nor will likely be required to sell:

 


Three Months Ended June 30, 2014


Six Months Ended June 30, 2014


(in millions)

Credit losses at the beginning of the period..........................................................................

$

63



$

61


Increase in credit losses for which an other-than-temporary impairment was previously recognized..........................................................................................................

5



7


Ending balance of credit losses on held-to-maturity debt securities for which a portion of an other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).............................................................................................

$

68



$

68


At June 30, 2014, we held 18 individual asset-backed securities in the available-for-sale portfolio, of which 5 were also wrapped by a monoline insurance company. The asset-backed securities backed by a monoline wrap comprised $188 million of the total aggregate fair value of asset-backed securities of $275 million at June 30, 2014. The gross unrealized losses on these monoline wrapped securities were $21 million at June 30, 2014. We did not take into consideration the value of the monoline wrap of any non-investment grade monoline insurers as of June 30, 2014 and, therefore, we only considered the financial guarantee of monoline insurers on securities for purposes of evaluating other-than-temporary impairment on securities with a fair value of $93 million. No security wrapped by a below investment grade monoline insurance company was deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2014.

At December 31, 2013, we held 22 individual asset-backed securities in the available-for-sale portfolio, of which 8 were also wrapped by a monoline insurance company. The asset-backed securities backed by a monoline wrap comprised $321 million of the total aggregate fair value of asset-backed securities of $448 million at December 31, 2013. The gross unrealized losses on these monoline wrapped securities were $42 million at December 31, 2013. We did not take into consideration the value of the monoline wrap of any non-investment grade monoline insurers as of December 31, 2013 and, therefore, we only considered the financial guarantee of monoline insurers on securities with a fair value of $98 million for purposes of evaluating other-than-temporary impairment. No security wrapped by a below investment grade monoline insurance company was deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2013.

As discussed above, certain asset-backed securities in the available-for-sale portfolio have an embedded financial guarantee provided by monoline insurers. Because the financial guarantee is not a separate and distinct contract from the asset-backed security, they are considered as a single unit of account for fair value measurement and impairment assessment purposes. The monoline insurers are regulated by the insurance commissioners of the relevant states and certain monoline insurers that write the financial guarantee contracts are public companies. We did not consider the value of the monoline wrap of any non-investment grade monoline insurer at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. In evaluating the extent of our reliance on investment grade monoline insurance companies, consideration is given to our assessment of the creditworthiness of the monoline and other market factors. We perform both a credit as well as a liquidity analysis on the monoline insurers each quarter. Our analysis also compares market-based credit default spreads, when available, to assess the appropriateness of our monoline insurer's creditworthiness. Based on the public information available, including the regulatory reviews and actions undertaken by the state insurance commissions and the published financial results, we determine the degree of reliance to be placed on the financial guarantee policy in estimating the cash flows to be collected for the purpose of recognizing and measuring impairment loss.

A credit downgrade to non-investment grade is a key but not the only factor in determining the credit risk or the monoline insurer's ability to fulfill its contractual obligation under the financial guarantee arrangement. Although a monoline may have been down-graded by the credit rating agencies or have been ordered to commute its operations by the insurance commissioners, it may retain the ability and the obligation to continue to pay claims in the near term. We evaluate the short-term liquidity of and the ability to pay claims by the monoline insurers in estimating the amounts of cash flows expected to be collected from specific asset-backed securities for the purpose of assessing and measuring credit loss.

Realized Gains (Losses) The following table summarizes realized gains and losses on investment securities transactions attributable to available-for-sale securities:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Gross realized gains...............................................................................................................

$

25



$

83



$

68



$

207


Gross realized losses..............................................................................................................

(32

)


(60

)


(53

)


(61

)

Net realized gains...................................................................................................................

$

(7

)


$

23



$

15



$

146


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we recognized losses of $5 million and $7 million, respectively, due to other-than-temporary impairment credit losses on securities held-to-maturity, as discussed above. During the first quarter of 2013, we sold six asset-backed securities out of our held-to-maturity portfolio with a total carrying value of $71 million and recognized a gain of $8 million. These sales were in response to the significant credit deterioration which had occurred on these securities which had been classified as substandard for regulatory reporting purposes and, therefore, these disposals did not affect our intent and ability to hold our remaining held-to-maturity portfolio until maturity.

Contractual Maturities and Yields The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair values of securities available-for-sale and securities held-to-maturity at June 30, 2014 by contractual maturity. Expected maturities differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties in certain cases. Securities available-for-sale amounts exclude equity securities as they do not have stated maturities. The table below also reflects the distribution of maturities of debt securities held at June 30, 2014, together with the approximate taxable equivalent yield of the portfolio. The yields shown are calculated by dividing annual interest income, including the accretion of discounts and the amortization of premiums, by the amortized cost of securities outstanding at June 30, 2014. Yields on tax-exempt obligations have been computed on a taxable equivalent basis using applicable statutory tax rates.

 


Within

One Year


After One

But Within

Five Years


After Five

But Within

Ten Years


After Ten

Years

Taxable Equivalent Basis

Amount


Yield


Amount


Yield


Amount


Yield


Amount


Yield


(dollars are in millions)

Available-for-sale:
























U.S. Treasury...........................................

$

1,225



.34

%


$

14,017



.91

%


$

2,429



2.90

%


$

1,835



3.80

%

U.S. Government sponsored enterprises............................................

-



-



1,108



2.62



2,450



3.27



777



3.74


U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed............................................

-



-



12



4.23



107



2.65



14,656



2.36


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions.........................................

-



-



110



3.66



302



3.32



316



3.52


Asset backed securities.........................

-



-



-



-



7



.39



288



3.56


Foreign debt securities...........................

554



3.10



3,949



1.94



-



-



-



-


Total amortized cost.....................................

$

1,779



1.20

%


$

19,196



1.24

%


$

5,295



3.09

%


$

17,872



2.61

%

Total fair value...............................................

$

1,781






$

19,299






$

5,587






$

17,945





Held-to-maturity:
























U.S. Government sponsored enterprises............................................

$

-



-

%


$

-



-

%


$

2



7.77

%


$

761



6.14

%

U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed............................................

-



-



1



7.62



2



7.75



238



6.49


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions.........................................

5



5.28



8



4.40



6



3.94



7



5.04


Asset backed securities.........................

-



-



-



-



-



-



18



6.21


Asset backed securities issued by consolidated VIE.....................................

-



-



-



-



64



.33



93



.33


Total amortized cost.....................................

$

5



5.28

%


$

9



4.79

%


$

74



1.05

%


$

1,117



5.72

%

Total fair value...............................................

$

5






$

11






$

78






$

1,278





 

Investments in Federal Home Loan Bank stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock of $130 million and $483 million, respectively, were included in other assets at June 30, 2014. Investments in Federal Home Loan Bank stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock of $139 million and $483 million, respectively, were included in other assets at and December 31, 2013.

 

 


4.     Loans

 


 

Loans consisted of the following:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Commercial loans:






Construction and other real estate.............................................................................................................

$

9,682



$

9,034


Business and corporate banking................................................................................................................

15,956



14,446


Global banking(1)............................................................................................................................................

24,268



21,625


Other commercial...........................................................................................................................................

3,127



3,389


Total commercial............................................................................................................................................

53,033



48,494


Consumer loans:






Residential mortgages..................................................................................................................................

16,097



15,826


Home equity mortgages...............................................................................................................................

1,914



2,011


Credit cards....................................................................................................................................................

681



854


Other consumer.............................................................................................................................................

473



510


Total consumer..............................................................................................................................................

19,165



19,201


Total loans...........................................................................................................................................................

$

72,198



$

67,695


 


(1)        Represents large multinational firms including globally focused U.S. corporate and financial institutions and U.S. dollar lending to multinational banking customers managed by HSBC on a global basis. Also includes loans to HSBC affiliates which totaled $5,080 million and $5,328 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. See Note 13, "Related Party Transactions" for additional information regarding loans to HSBC affiliates.

Net deferred origination fees totaled $6 million and $23 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we had a net unamortized premium on our loans of $14 million and $16 million, respectively.

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans  The following table summarizes the past due status of our loans at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The aging of past due amounts is determined based on the contractual delinquency status of payments under the loan. An account is generally considered to be contractually delinquent when payments have not been made in accordance with the loan terms. Delinquency status is affected by customer account management policies and practices such as re-age, which results in the re-setting of the contractual delinquency status to current.

 


Past Due


Total Past Due 30 Days or More







At June 30, 2014

30 - 89 days


90+ days



Current(1)


Total Loans


(in millions)

Commercial loans:















Construction and other real estate........................................

$

7



$

14



$

21



$

9,661



$

9,682


Business and corporate banking...........................................

7



27



34



15,922



15,956


Global banking..........................................................................

-



-



-



24,268



24,268


Other commercial......................................................................

27



-



27



3,100



3,127


Total commercial............................................................................

41



41



82



52,951



53,033


Consumer loans:















Residential mortgages.............................................................

400



935



1,335



14,762



16,097


Home equity mortgages..........................................................

18



54



72



1,842



1,914


Credit cards...............................................................................

10



11



21



660



681


Other consumer........................................................................

10



10



20



453



473


Total consumer..............................................................................

438



1,010



1,448



17,717



19,165


Total loans......................................................................................

$

479



$

1,051



$

1,530



$

70,668



$

72,198


 


Past Due


Total Past Due 30 Days or More







At December 31, 2013

30 - 89 days


90+ days



Current(1)


Total Loans


(in millions)

Commercial loans:















Construction and other real estate........................................

$

6



$

58



$

64



$

8,970



$

9,034


Business and corporate banking...........................................

48



36



84



14,362



14,446


Global banking..........................................................................

8



3



11



21,614



21,625


Other commercial......................................................................

27



9



36



3,353



3,389


Total commercial.......................................................................

89



106



195



48,299



48,494


Consumer loans:















Residential mortgages.............................................................

443



1,037



1,480



14,346



15,826


Home equity mortgages..........................................................

28



59



87



1,924



2,011


Credit cards...............................................................................

16



14



30



824



854


Other consumer........................................................................

12



13



25



485



510


Total consumer.........................................................................

499



1,123



1,622



17,579



19,201


Total loans......................................................................................

$

588



$

1,229



$

1,817



$

65,878



$

67,695


 


(1)     Loans less than 30 days past due are presented as current.

Nonaccrual Loans  Nonaccrual loans totaled $1,107 million and $1,305 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.  For an analysis of reserves for credit losses, see Note 5, "Allowance for Credit Losses." Nonaccrual loans and accruing receivables 90 days or more delinquent consisted of the following:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Nonaccrual loans:






Commercial:






Real Estate:






Construction and land loans.......................................................................................................

$

17



$

44


Other real estate.............................................................................................................................

47



122


Business and corporate banking......................................................................................................

28



21


Global banking....................................................................................................................................

-



65


Other commercial................................................................................................................................

2



2


Total commercial.......................................................................................................................................

94



254


Consumer:






Residential mortgages........................................................................................................................

879



949


Home equity mortgages.....................................................................................................................

69



77


Total residential mortgages(1)(2)(3)................................................................................................

948



1,026


Total consumer loans.........................................................................................................................

948



1,026


Nonaccrual loans held for sale............................................................................................................

65



25


Total nonaccruing loans...................................................................................................................................

1,107



1,305


Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more:






Commercial:






Business and corporate banking......................................................................................................

7



5


Other commercial................................................................................................................................

1



1


Total commercial.................................................................................................................................

8



6


Consumer:






Credit card receivables.......................................................................................................................

11



14


Other consumer...................................................................................................................................

11



14


Total consumer loans.........................................................................................................................

22



28


Total accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more...................................................................

30



34


Total nonperforming loans...............................................................................................................................

$

1,137



$

1,339


 


(1)        At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, residential mortgage loan nonaccrual balances include $849 million and $866 million, respectively, of loans 

that are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the collateral less cost to sell.

(2)     Nonaccrual residential mortgages includes all receivables which are 90 or more days contractually delinquent as well as loans discharged under Chapter 7 

bankruptcy and not re-affirmed and second lien loans where the first lien loan that we own or service is 90 or more days contractually delinquent.

(3)     Residential mortgage nonaccrual loans for all periods does not include guaranteed loans purchased from the Government National Mortgage Association
 
("GNMA"). Repayment of these loans are predominantly insured by the Federal Housing Administration and as such, these loans have different risk characteristics from the rest of our customer loan portfolio.

The following table provides additional information on our nonaccrual loans:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Interest income that would have been recorded if the nonaccrual loans had been current in accordance with contractual terms during the period........................................

$

22



$

30



$

46



$

61


Interest income that was recorded on nonaccrual loans and included in interest income during the period......................................................................................

6



8



14



11


Impaired Loans  A loan is considered to be impaired when it is deemed probable that not all principal and interest amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will be collected. Probable losses from impaired loans are quantified and recorded as a component of the overall allowance for credit losses. Commercial and consumer loans for which we have modified the loan terms as part of a troubled debt restructuring are considered to be impaired loans. Additionally, commercial loans in nonaccrual status, or that have been partially charged-off or assigned a specific allowance for credit losses are also considered impaired loans.

Troubled debt restructurings  Troubled debt restructurings ("TDR Loans") represent loans for which the original contractual terms have been modified to provide for terms that are less than what we would be willing to accept for new loans with comparable risk because of deterioration in the borrower's financial condition.

Modifications for consumer or commercial loans may include changes to one or more terms of the loan, including, but not limited to, a change in interest rate, extension of the amortization period, reduction in payment amount and partial forgiveness or deferment of principal. A substantial amount of our modifications involve interest rate reductions which lower the amount of interest income we are contractually entitled to receive in future periods. Through lowering the interest rate and other loan term changes, we believe we are able to increase the amount of cash flow that will ultimately be collected from the loan, given the borrower's financial condition. TDR Loans are reserved for either based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loans' original effective interest rates which generally results in a higher reserve requirement for these loans or in the case of certain secured loans, the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. Once a consumer loan is classified as a TDR Loan, it continues to be reported as such until it is paid off or charged-off. For commercial loans, if subsequent performance is in accordance with the new terms and such terms reflect current market rates at the time of restructure, they will no longer be reported as a TDR Loan beginning in the year after restructuring. Since 2012, there have been no commercial loans that met this criteria and were removed from TDR Loan classification. 

The following table presents information about receivables which were modified during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and as a result of this action became classified as TDR Loans:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Commercial loans:












Construction and other real estate

$

-



$

32



$

-



$

32


Business and corporate banking......................................................................................

11



5



11



9


Other commercial

-



-



10



-


Total commercial..................................................................................................................

11



37



21



41


Consumer loans:












Residential mortgages........................................................................................................

47



49



81



92


Credit cards..........................................................................................................................

1



1



3



1


Total consumer....................................................................................................................

48



50



84



93


Total............................................................................................................................................

$

59



$

87



$

105



$

134


The weighted-average contractual rate reduction for consumer loans which became classified as TDR Loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 was 1.52 percent and 1.51 percent, respectively, compared with 2.07 percent and 2.06 percent during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively. The weighted-average contractual rate reduction for commercial loans was not significant in either the number of loans or rate.

The following tables present information about our TDR Loans and the related credit loss reserves for TDR Loans:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

TDR Loans(1)(2):






Commercial loans:






Construction and other real estate...........................................................................................................

$

205



$

292


Business and corporate banking..............................................................................................................

28



21


Global banking............................................................................................................................................

-



51


Other commercial........................................................................................................................................

-



25


Total commercial.........................................................................................................................................

233



389


Consumer loans:






Residential mortgages(3)............................................................................................................................

959



973


Credit cards..................................................................................................................................................

8



8


Total consumer............................................................................................................................................

967



981


Total TDR Loans(4).............................................................................................................................................

$

1,200



$

1,370


 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Allowance for credit losses for TDR Loans(5):






Commercial loans:






Construction and other real estate...........................................................................................................

$

2



$

16


Business and corporate banking..............................................................................................................

5



1


Total commercial.........................................................................................................................................

7



17


Consumer loans:






Residential mortgages................................................................................................................................

58



68


Credit cards..................................................................................................................................................

2



2


Total consumer............................................................................................................................................

60



70


Total allowance for credit losses for TDR Loans...........................................................................................

$

67



$

87


 


(1)        TDR Loans are considered to be impaired loans. For consumer loans, all such loans are considered impaired loans regardless of accrual status. For commercial loans, impaired loans include other loans in addition to TDR Loans which totaled $33 million and $92 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(2)        The TDR Loan balances included in the table above reflect the current carrying amount of TDR Loans and includes all basis adjustments on the loan, such as unearned income, unamortized deferred fees and costs on originated loans, partial charge-offs and premiums or discounts on purchased loans. The following table reflects the unpaid principal balance of TDR Loans:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Commercial loans:






Construction and other real estate...................................................................................................

$

219



$

309


Business and corporate banking.......................................................................................................

68



60


Global banking.................................................................................................................................

-



51


Other commercial...........................................................................................................................

-



28


Total commercial............................................................................................................................

287



448


Consumer loans:






Residential mortgages......................................................................................................................

1,145



1,153


Credit cards.....................................................................................................................................

8



8


Total consumer...............................................................................................................................

1,153



1,161


Total..................................................................................................................................................

$

1,440



$

1,609


(3)        Includes $725 million and $706 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, of loans that are recorded at the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the collateral less cost to sell.

(4)        Includes $343 million and $458 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, of loans which are classified as nonaccrual.

(5)        Included in the allowance for credit losses.

The following table presents information about average TDR Loans and interest income recognized on TDR Loans:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Average balance of TDR Loans












Commercial loans:












Construction and other real estate............................................................................

$

220



$

290



$

244



$

307


Business and corporate banking...............................................................................

23



30



22



49


Global banking.............................................................................................................

-



-



17



-


Other commercial.........................................................................................................

5



29



12



30


Total commercial..........................................................................................................

248



349



295



386


Consumer loans:












Residential mortgages.................................................................................................

948



890



947



906


Credit cards...................................................................................................................

8



12



8



13


Total consumer.............................................................................................................

956



902



955



919


Total average balance of TDR Loans..................................................................................

$

1,204



$

1,251



$

1,250



$

1,305


Interest income recognized on TDR Loans












Commercial loans:












Construction and other real estate............................................................................

$

2



$

3



$

8



$

5


Other commercial.........................................................................................................

-



1



-



2


Total commercial..........................................................................................................

2



4



8



7


Consumer loans:












Residential mortgages.................................................................................................

9



8



18



17


Total consumer.............................................................................................................

9



8



18



17


Total interest income recognized on TDR Loans..............................................................

$

11



$

12



$

26



$

24


The following table presents loans which were classified as TDR Loans during the previous 12 months which for commercial loans became 90 days or greater contractually delinquent or for consumer loans became 60 days or greater contractually delinquent during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Commercial loans:












Construction and other real estate.................................................................................

$

-



$

-



$

12



$

-


Total commercial................................................................................................................

-



-



12



-


Consumer loans:












Residential mortgages......................................................................................................

9



11



17



24


Total consumer..................................................................................................................

9



11



17



24


Total..........................................................................................................................................

$

9



$

11



$

29



$

24


Impaired commercial loans  The following table summarizes impaired commercial loan statistics:

 


Amount with

Impairment

Reserves


Amount

without

Impairment

Reserves


Total Impaired

Commercial

Loans(1)(2)


Impairment

Reserve


(in millions)

At June 30, 2014












Construction and other real estate.........................................................

$

19



$

194



$

213



$

4


Business and corporate banking............................................................

32



11



43



8


Global banking...........................................................................................

-



-



-



-


Other commercial.......................................................................................

2



8



10



2


Total............................................................................................................

$

53



$

213



$

266



$

14


At December 31, 2013












Construction and other real estate.........................................................

$

122



$

211



$

333



$

32


Business and corporate banking............................................................

28



12



40



3


Global banking...........................................................................................

14



51



65



5


Other commercial.......................................................................................

1



42



43



-


Total............................................................................................................

$

165



$

316



$

481



$

40


 


(1)        Includes impaired commercial loans that are also considered TDR Loans which totaled $233 million and $389 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(2)        The impaired commercial loan balances included in the table above reflect the current carrying amount of the loan and includes all basis adjustments, such as partial charge-offs, unamortized deferred fees and costs on originated loans and any premiums or discounts. The following table reflects the unpaid principal balance of impaired commercial loans included in the table above:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Construction and other real estate..............................................................................................................

$

232



$

380


Business and corporate banking...................................................................................................................

93



91


Global banking............................................................................................................................................

-



123


Other commercial.......................................................................................................................................

10



47


Total..........................................................................................................................................................

$

335



$

641


The following table presents information about average impaired commercial loan balances and interest income recognized on the impaired commercial loans:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013









(in millions)

Average balance of impaired commercial loans:












Construction and other real estate.................................................................................

$

237



$

353



$

269



$

401


Business and corporate banking....................................................................................

36



58



37



74


Global banking...................................................................................................................

-



18



22



18


Other commercial...............................................................................................................

15



69



24



71


Total average balance of impaired commercial loans...................................................

$

288



$

498



$

352



$

564


Interest income recognized on impaired commercial loans:












Construction and other real estate.................................................................................

$

2



$

4



$

8



$

7


Other commercial...............................................................................................................

-



2



-



3


Total interest income recognized on impaired commercial loans...............................

$

2



$

6



$

8



$

10


Commercial Loan Credit Quality Indicators  The following credit quality indicators are monitored for our commercial loan portfolio:

Criticized asset classifications  Criticized loan classifications are based on the risk rating standards of our primary regulator. Problem loans are assigned various criticized facility grades. We also assign obligor grades which are used under our allowance for credit losses methodology. The following facility grades are deemed to be criticized:

•       Special Mention - generally includes loans that are protected by collateral and/or the credit worthiness of the customer, but are potentially weak based upon economic or market circumstances which, if not checked or corrected, could weaken our credit position at some future date.

•       Substandard - includes loans that are inadequately protected by the underlying collateral and/or general credit worthiness of the customer. These loans present a distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. This category also includes certain non-investment grade securities, as required by our principal regulator.

•       Doubtful - includes loans that have all the weaknesses exhibited by substandard loans, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full of the recorded loan highly improbable. However, although the possibility of loss is extremely high, certain factors exist which may strengthen the credit at some future date, and therefore the decision to charge off the loan is deferred. Loans graded as doubtful are required to be placed in nonaccruing status.

The following table summarizes criticized assets for commercial loans:

 


Special Mention


Substandard


Doubtful


Total


(in millions)

At June 30, 2014












Construction and other real estate.........................................................

$

287



$

298



$

8



$

593


Business and corporate banking............................................................

715



153



4



872


Global banking...........................................................................................

70



161



-



231


Other commercial.......................................................................................

37



21



1



59


Total............................................................................................................

$

1,109



$

633



$

13



$

1,755


At December 31, 2013












Construction and other real estate.........................................................

$

351



$

346



$

30



$

727


Business and corporate banking............................................................

557



156



2



715


Global banking...........................................................................................

367



112



5



484


Other commercial.......................................................................................

79



33



-



112


Total............................................................................................................

$

1,354



$

647



$

37



$

2,038


Nonperforming  The following table summarizes the status of our commercial loan portfolio:

 


Performing

Loans


Nonaccrual

Loans


Accruing Loans

Contractually Past

Due 90 days or More


Total


(in millions)

At June 30, 2014












Commercial:












Construction and other real estate.......................................

$

9,618



$

64



$

-



$

9,682


Business and corporate banking..........................................

15,921



28



7



15,956


Global banking.........................................................................

24,268



-



-



24,268


Other commercial.....................................................................

3,124



2



1



3,127


Total commercial...........................................................................

$

52,931



$

94



$

8



$

53,033


At December 31, 2013












Commercial:












Construction and other real estate.......................................

$

8,868



$

166



$

-



$

9,034


Business and corporate banking..........................................

14,420



21



5



14,446


Global banking.........................................................................

21,560



65



-



21,625


Other commercial.....................................................................

3,386



2



1



3,389


Total commercial...........................................................................

$

48,234



$

254



$

6



$

48,494


Credit risk profile  The following table shows the credit risk profile of our commercial loan portfolio:

 


Investment

Grade(1)


Non-Investment

Grade


Total


(in millions)

At June 30, 2014









Construction and other real estate.............................................................................................

$

7,159



$

2,523



$

9,682


Business and corporate banking................................................................................................

7,845



8,111



15,956


Global banking..............................................................................................................................

21,140



3,128



24,268


Other commercial..........................................................................................................................

1,608



1,519



3,127


Total commercial......................................................................................................................

$

37,752



$

15,281



$

53,033


At December 31, 2013









Construction and other real estate.............................................................................................

$

6,069



$

2,965



$

9,034


Business and corporate banking................................................................................................

7,279



7,167



14,446


Global banking..............................................................................................................................

18,636



2,989



21,625


Other commercial..........................................................................................................................

1,583



1,806



3,389


Total commercial......................................................................................................................

$

33,567



$

14,927



$

48,494


 


(1)        Investment grade includes commercial loans with credit ratings of at least BBB- or above or the equivalent based on our internal credit rating system.

Consumer Loan Credit Quality Indicators   The following credit quality indicators are utilized for our consumer loan portfolio:

Delinquency  The following table summarizes dollars of two-months-and-over contractual delinquency and as a percent of total loans and loans held for sale ("delinquency ratio") for our consumer loan portfolio:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


Delinquent Loans


Delinquency

Ratio


Delinquent Loans


Delinquency

Ratio


(dollars are in millions)

Consumer:












Residential mortgages..................................................................................

$

1,086



6.73

%


$

1,208



7.59

%

Home equity mortgages...............................................................................

59



3.08



68



3.38


Total residential mortgages(1)....................................................................

1,145



6.34



1,276



7.11


Credit cards....................................................................................................

15



2.20



21



2.46


Other consumer.............................................................................................

15



2.78



19



3.32


Total consumer....................................................................................................

$

1,175



6.10

%


$

1,316



6.80

%

 


(1)        At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, residential mortgage loan delinquency includes $983 million and $1,074 million, respectively, of loans that are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the collateral less cost to sell.

Nonperforming   The following table summarizes the status of our consumer loan portfolio:

 


Performing

Loans


Nonaccrual

Loans


Accruing Loans

Contractually Past

Due 90 days or More


Total


(in millions)

At June 30, 2014












Consumer:












Residential mortgages..................................................................

$

15,218



$

879



$

-



$

16,097


Home equity mortgages...............................................................

1,845



69



-



1,914


Total residential mortgages....................................................

17,063



948



-



18,011


Credit cards....................................................................................

670



-



11



681


Other consumer.............................................................................

462



-



11



473


Total consumer...................................................................................

$

18,195



$

948



$

22



$

19,165


At December 31, 2013












Consumer:












Residential mortgages..................................................................

$

14,877



$

949



$

-



$

15,826


Home equity mortgages...............................................................

1,934



77



-



2,011


Total residential mortgages....................................................

16,811



1,026



-



17,837


Credit cards....................................................................................

840



-



14



854


Other consumer.............................................................................

496



-



14



510


Total consumer...................................................................................

$

18,147



$

1,026



$

28



$

19,201


Troubled debt restructurings  See discussion of impaired loans above for further details on this credit quality indicator.

Concentration of Credit Risk  At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, our loan portfolio included interest-only residential mortgage loans totaling $3,645 million and $3,643 million, respectively. An interest-only residential mortgage loan allows a customer to pay the interest-only portion of the monthly payment for a period of time which results in lower payments during the initial loan period. However, subsequent events affecting a customer's financial position could affect the ability of customers to repay the loan in the future when the principal payments are required which increases the credit risk of this loan type.

 


5.    Allowance for Credit Losses

 


 

The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for credit losses by product and the related loan balance by product during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013:

 


Commercial


Consumer





Construction

and Other

Real Estate


Business

and Corporate Banking


Global

Banking


Other

Comm'l


Residential

Mortgages


Home

Equity

Mortgages


Credit

Card


Other

Consumer


Total


(in millions)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2014

























Allowance for credit losses - beginning of period.....................

$

93



$

129



$

67



$

19



$

156



$

52



$

45



$

13



$

574


Provision charged (credited) to income............................................

6



56



29



(9

)


7



(8

)


4



-



85


Charge offs...................................

(5

)


(6

)


-



-



(19

)


(3

)


(12

)


(3

)


(48

)

Recoveries....................................

-



1



-



3



5



1



2



1



13


Net (charge offs) recoveries............

(5

)


(5

)


-



3



(14

)


(2

)


(10

)


(2

)


(35

)

Allowance for credit losses - end of period.........................................

$

94



$

180



$

96



$

13



$

149



$

42



$

39



$

11



$

624





























Three Months Ended June 30, 2013

























Allowance for credit losses - beginning of period.........................

$

116



$

96



$

40



$

17



$

192



$

50



$

42



$

15



$

568


Provision charged (credited) to income............................................

(14

)


15



29



(4

)


14



13



13



1



67


Charge offs...................................

(1

)


(9

)


-



-



(13

)


(11

)


(11

)


(3

)


(48

)

Recoveries....................................

9



1



-



4



3



-



1



-



18


Net (charge offs) recoveries............

8



(8

)


-



4



(10

)


(11

)


(10

)


(3

)


(30

)

Allowance for credit losses - end of period.............................................

$

110



$

103



$

69



$

17



$

196



$

52



$

45



$

13



$

605





























Six Months Ended June 30, 2014

























Allowance for credit losses - beginning of period.....................

$

108



$

112



$

68



$

20



$

186



$

49



$

50



$

13



$

606


Provision charged (credited) to income............................................

8



75



36



(13

)


(9

)


(6

)


9



1



101


Charge offs...................................

(24

)


(11

)


(8

)


-



(36

)


(8

)


(23

)


(5

)


(115

)

Recoveries....................................

2



4



-



6



8



7



3



2



32


Net (charge offs) recoveries............

(22

)


(7

)


(8

)


6



(28

)


(1

)


(20

)


(3

)


(83

)

Allowance for credit losses - end of period.........................................

$

94



$

180



$

96



$

13



$

149



$

42



$

39



$

11



$

624


Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment............

$

90



$

172



$

96



$

11



$

93



$

40



$

37



$

11



$

550


Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment............

4



8



-



2



56



2



2



-



74


Total allowance for credit losses......

$

94



$

180



$

96



$

13



$

149



$

42



$

39



$

11



$

624





























Loans:



























Collectively evaluated for impairment.....................................

$

9,469



$

15,913



$

24,268



$

3,117



$

14,290



$

1,895



$

673



$

473



$

70,098


Individually evaluated for impairment(1)..................................

213



43



-



10



215



19



8



-



508


Loans carried at lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell.....

-



-



-



-



1,592



-



-



-



1,592


Total loans......................................

$

9,682



$

15,956



$

24,268



$

3,127



$

16,097



$

1,914



$

681



$

473



$

72,198





























Six Months Ended June 30, 2013

























Allowance for credit losses - beginning of period.....................

$

162



$

97



$

41



$

17



$

210



$

45



$

55



$

20



$

647


Provision charged (credited) to income............................................

(5

)


17



28



(4

)


11



30



11



-



88


Charge offs...................................

(59

)


(15

)


-



-



(29

)


(23

)


(23

)


(9

)


(158

)

Recoveries....................................

12



4



-



4



4



-



2



2



28


Net (charge offs) recoveries............

(47

)


(11

)


-



4



(25

)


(23

)


(21

)


(7

)


(130

)

Allowance for credit losses - end of period.........................................

$

110



$

103



$

69



$

17



$

196



$

52



$

45



$

13



$

605


Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment............

$

84



$

91



$

69



$

17



$

122



$

49



$

41



$

13



$

486


Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment............

26



12



-



-



74



3



4



-



119


Total allowance for credit losses......

$

110



$

103



$

69



$

17



$

196



$

52



$

45



$

13



$

605





























Loans:



























Collectively evaluated for impairment.....................................

$

8,064



$

12,323



$

23,321



$

2,941



$

14,057



$

2,151



$

847



$

574



$

64,278


Individually evaluated for impairment(1)..................................

465



68



18



64



212



21



11



-



859


Loans carried at lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell.....

-



-



-



-



1,568



-



-



-



1,568


Total loans......................................

$

8,529



$

12,391



$

23,339



$

3,005



$

15,837



$

2,172



$

858



$

574



$

66,705


 


(1)        For consumer loans and certain small business loans, these amounts represent TDR Loans for which we evaluate reserves using a discounted cash flow methodology. Each loan is individually identified as a TDR Loan and then grouped together with other TDR Loans with similar characteristics. The discounted cash flow analysis is then applied to these groups of TDR Loans. Loans individually evaluated for impairment exclude TDR loans that are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the collateral less cost to sell which totaled $725 million and $657 million at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 


6.     Loans Held for Sale

 


 

Loans held for sale consisted of the following:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Commercial loans................................................................................................................................................

$

396



$

76


Consumer loans:






Residential mortgages..................................................................................................................................

38



91


Other consumer.............................................................................................................................................

66



63


Total consumer....................................................................................................................................................

104



154


Total loans held for sale.....................................................................................................................................

$

500



$

230


We originate commercial loans in connection with our participation in a number of syndicated credit facilities. Syndicated loans that are originated with the intent of selling them to unaffiliated third parties are classified as commercial loans held for sale. The fair value of commercial loans held for sale under this program was $159 million and $58 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. We have elected to designate all commercial syndicated loans classified as held for sale at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 10, "Fair Value Option," for additional information.

Commercial loans held for sale also includes $43 million of global banking loans at June 30, 2014, which were transferred to held for sale during the first half of 2014, as well as commercial real estate loans totaling $194 million and $18 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

We sell all our agency eligible loan originations servicing released directly to PHH Mortgage Corporation ("PHH Mortgage"). Also included in residential mortgage loans held for sale are subprime residential mortgage loans with a fair value of $23 million and $46 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, which were acquired from unaffiliated third parties and from HSBC Finance Corporation ("HSBC Finance") with the intent of securitizing or selling the loans to third parties. Gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans are reflected as a component of residential mortgage banking revenue in the accompanying consolidated statement of income.

Loans held for sale are subject to market risk, liquidity risk and interest rate risk, in that their value will fluctuate as a result of changes in market conditions, as well as the credit environment. PHH Mortgage is obligated to purchase agency eligible loans from us as of the earlier of when the customer locks the mortgage loan pricing or when the mortgage loan application is approved. As such, we retain none of the risk of market changes in mortgage rates for these loans.

Other consumer loans held for sale includes certain student loans which we no longer originate.

Excluding the commercial loans designated under fair value option discussed above, loans held for sale are recorded at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. While the initial carrying amount of consumer loans held for sale continued to exceed fair value at June 30, 2014, we experienced a decrease in the valuation allowance for consumer loans held for sale during the six months ended June 30, 2014 due primarily to loan sales. The valuation allowance on consumer loans held for sale was $46 million and $77 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The valuation allowance on commercial loans held for sale was $7 million at June 30, 2014 compared with no allowance at December 31, 2013.

 


7.     Intangible Assets

 


 

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Mortgage servicing rights:






Residential......................................................................................................................................................

$

186



$

227


Commercial.....................................................................................................................................................

2



10


Total mortgage servicing rights........................................................................................................................

$

188



$

237


Purchased credit card relationships.................................................................................................................

50



54


Favorable lease agreements..............................................................................................................................

2



4


Total intangible assets.......................................................................................................................................

$

240



$

295


Mortgage Servicing Rights ("MSRs")  A servicing asset is a contract under which estimated future revenues from contractually specified cash flows, such as servicing fees and other ancillary revenues, are expected to exceed the obligation to service the financial assets. We recognize the right to service mortgage loans as a separate and distinct asset at the time they are acquired or when originated loans are sold.

MSRs are subject to credit, prepayment and interest rate risk, in that their value will fluctuate as a result of changes in these economic variables. Interest rate risk is mitigated through an economic hedging program that uses securities and derivatives to offset changes in the fair value of MSRs. Since the hedging program involves trading activity, risk is quantified and managed using a number of risk assessment techniques.

Residential mortgage servicing rights  Residential MSRs are initially measured at fair value at the time that the related loans are sold and remeasured at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in fair value of MSRs are reflected in residential mortgage banking revenue in the period in which the changes occur. Fair value is determined based upon the application of valuation models and other inputs. The valuation models incorporate assumptions market participants would use in estimating future cash flows. The reasonableness of these valuation models is periodically validated by reference to external independent broker valuations and industry surveys.

The following table summarizes the critical assumptions used to calculate the fair value of residential MSRs:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013

Annualized constant prepayment rate ("CPR").............................................................................................

13.8

%


11.3

%

Constant discount rate......................................................................................................................................

13.3



12.7


Weighted average life (in years)......................................................................................................................

4.6


5.3

The following table summarizes residential MSRs activity:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Fair value of MSRs:












Beginning balance........................................................................................................

$

205



$

190



$

227



$

168


Additions related to loan sales...................................................................................

-



5



-



11


Changes in fair value due to:












Change in valuation model inputs or assumptions............................................

(12

)


43



(24

)


69


Customer payments.................................................................................................

(7

)


(13

)


(17

)


(23

)

Ending balance...................................................................................................................

$

186



$

225



$

186



$

225


The outstanding principal balance of serviced for others mortgages, which are not included in the consolidated balance sheet, totaled $25,041 million and $26,951 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

Servicing fees collected are included in residential mortgage banking revenue and totaled $17 million and $35 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, compared with $21 million and $42 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively.

During the second quarter of 2013, we completed the conversion of our mortgage processing and servicing operations to PHH Mortgage. Under the terms of the agreement, PHH Mortgage provides us with mortgage origination processing services as well as the sub-servicing of our portfolio of owned and serviced for others mortgages with an outstanding principal balance of $42,375 million and $44,039 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Although we continue to own both the mortgages on our balance sheet and the mortgage servicing rights associated with the serviced loans at the time of conversion, we now sell our agency eligible originations beginning with May 2013 applications to PHH Mortgage on a servicing released basis which results in no new mortgage servicing rights being recognized.

Commercial mortgage servicing rights  Commercial MSRs represent servicing rights associated with commercial mortgage loans originated and sold to FNMA and FHLMC and are accounted for using the lower of amortized cost or fair value method. During the fourth quarter of 2013, we decided to sell $8 million of our commercial MSRs and, as a result, we considered these assets held for sale at June 30, 2014 and is reflected in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. As the estimated sales price of these MSRs was in excess of its carrying amount, these MSRs continue to be carried at amortized cost. In July 2014, we completed the sale of these MSRs to a third party for $22 million, which will result in the recognition of a gain of $16 million in the third quarter of 2014.

Purchased credit card relationships  In March 2012, we purchased from HSBC Finance the account relationships associated with $746 million of credit card receivables which were not included in the sale to Capital One Financial Corporation at a fair value of $108 million. Approximately $43 million of this value was associated with the credit card receivables sold to First Niagara Bank, National Association. The remaining $65 million was included in intangible assets and is being amortized over the estimated useful life of the credit card relationships which is ten years.

 


8.     Goodwill

 


 

During the first half of 2014, there were no events or changes in circumstances to indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair values of any of our reporting units have reduced below their respective carrying amounts.

 


9.     Derivative Financial Instruments

 


 

In the normal course of business, the derivative instruments entered into are for trading, market making and risk management purposes. For financial reporting purposes, a derivative instrument is designated in one of the following categories: (a) financial instruments held for trading, (b) hedging instruments designated as a qualifying hedge under derivative and hedge accounting principles or (c) a non-qualifying economic hedge. The derivative instruments held are predominantly swaps, futures, options and forward contracts. All derivatives are stated at fair value. Where we enter into enforceable master netting arrangements with counterparties, the master netting arrangements permit us to net those derivative asset and liability positions and to offset cash collateral held and posted with the same counterparty.

The following table presents the fair value of derivative contracts by major product type on a gross basis. Gross fair values exclude the effects of both counterparty netting as well as collateral, and therefore are not representative of our exposure. The table below presents the amounts of counterparty netting and cash collateral that have been offset in the consolidated balance sheet, as well as cash and securities collateral posted and received under enforceable credit support agreements that do not meet the criteria for netting. Derivative assets and liabilities which are not subject to an enforceable master netting agreement, or are subject to a netting agreement that we have not yet determined to be enforceable, have not been netted in the table below. Where we have received or posted collateral under credit support agreements, but have not yet determined such agreements are enforceable, the related collateral also has not been netted in the table below.

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


Derivative assets


Derivative liabilities


Derivative assets


Derivative liabilities


(in millions)

Derivatives accounted for as fair value hedges(1)












OTC-cleared(2).....................................................................................................

$

20



$

132



$

75



$

20


Bilateral OTC(2)...................................................................................................

60



254



203



192


Interest rate contracts........................................................................................

80



386



278



212














Derivatives accounted for as cash flow hedges(1)












Bilateral OTC(2)...................................................................................................

1



18



-



3


Foreign exchange contracts...............................................................................

1



18



-



3














OTC-cleared(2).....................................................................................................

14



-



16



-


Bilateral OTC(2)...................................................................................................

5



111



16



62


Interest rate contracts........................................................................................

19



111



32



62














Total derivatives accounted for as hedges...........................................................

100



515



310



277














Trading derivatives not accounted for as hedges(3)












Exchange-traded(2)...............................................................................................

96



37



82



32


OTC-cleared(2).....................................................................................................

21,454



22,595



24,218



25,468


Bilateral OTC(2)...................................................................................................

30,814



30,486



31,097



30,451


Interest rate contracts........................................................................................

52,364



53,118



55,397



55,951














Exchange-traded(2)...............................................................................................

29



-



7



16


Bilateral OTC(2)...................................................................................................

12,745



11,586



15,422



14,565


Foreign exchange contracts...............................................................................

12,774



11,586



15,429



14,581














Equity contract - bilateral OTC(2)......................................................................

1,421



1,418



1,413



1,412














Exchange-traded(2)...............................................................................................

3



138



181



6


Bilateral OTC(2)...................................................................................................

643



637



1,402



815


Precious metals contracts..................................................................................

646



775



1,583



821














OTC-cleared(2).....................................................................................................

516



540



576



604


Bilateral OTC(2)...................................................................................................

3,283



3,369



4,079



4,104


Credit contracts..................................................................................................

3,799



3,909



4,655



4,708














Other derivatives not accounted for as hedges(1)
























Interest rate contracts - bilateral OTC(2).........................................................

604



74



470



91














Foreign exchange contracts  - bilateral OTC(2)...............................................

1



18



-



44














Equity contracts - bilateral OTC(2)....................................................................

806



102



789



148














Precious metals contracts - bilateral OTC(2)...................................................

-



19



-



36














Credit contracts - bilateral OTC(2)....................................................................

17



12



9



11














Total derivatives

72,532



71,546



80,055



78,080














Less: Gross amounts of receivable / payable subject to enforceable master netting agreements(4)(6).........................................................................................

63,522



63,522



68,616



68,616


Less: Gross amounts of cash collateral received / posted subject to enforceable master netting agreements(5)(6).......................................................

3,128



2,277



3,870



2,116


Net amounts of derivative assets / liabilities presented in the balance sheet.................................................................................................................................

5,882



5,747



7,569



7,348














Less: Gross amounts of financial instrument collateral received / posted subject to enforceable master netting agreements but not offset in the consolidated balance sheet

1,247



2,160



1,641



3,094


Net amounts of derivative assets / liabilities.....................................................

$

4,635



$

3,587



$

5,928



$

4,254


 


(1)        Derivative assets/liabilities related to cash flow hedges, fair value hedges and derivative instruments held for purposes other than for trading are recorded in other assets / interest, taxes and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.

(2)        Over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives include derivatives executed and settled bilaterally with counterparties without the use of an organized exchange or central clearing house. The credit risk associated with bilateral OTC derivatives is managed through master netting agreements and obtaining collateral. OTC-cleared derivatives are executed bilaterally in the OTC market but then novated to a central clearing counterparty, whereby the central clearing counterparty becomes the counterparty to both of the original counterparties. Exchange traded derivatives are executed directly on an organized exchange that provides pre-trade price transparency. Credit risk is minimized for OTC-cleared derivatives and exchange traded derivatives through daily margining required by central clearing counterparties.

(3)        Trading related derivative assets/liabilities are recorded in trading assets/trading liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.

(4)        Represents the netting of derivative receivable and payable balances for the same counterparty under enforceable netting agreements.

(5)        Represents the netting of cash collateral posted and received by counterparty under enforceable credit support agreements.

(6)        Netting is performed at a counterparty level in cases where enforceable master netting and credit support agreements are in place, regardless of the type of derivative instrument. Therefore, we have not attempted to allocate netting to the different types of derivative instruments shown in the table above.

See Note 17, "Guarantee Arrangements, Pledged Assets and Collateral," for further information on offsetting related to resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowing and lending arrangements.

Derivatives Held for Risk Management Purposes  Our risk management policy requires us to identify, analyze and manage risks arising from the activities conducted during the normal course of business. We use derivative instruments as an asset and liability management tool to manage our exposures in interest rate, foreign currency and credit risks in existing assets and liabilities, commitments and forecasted transactions. The accounting for changes in fair value of a derivative instrument will depend on whether the derivative has been designated and qualifies for hedge accounting.

We designate derivative instruments to offset the fair value risk and cash flow risk arising from fixed-rate and floating-rate assets and liabilities as well as forecasted transactions. We assess the hedging relationships, both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, using a regression approach to determine whether the designated hedging instrument is highly effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or the cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Accounting principles for qualifying hedges require us to prepare detailed documentation describing the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, including, but not limited to, the risk management objective, the hedging strategy and the methods to assess and measure the ineffectiveness of the hedging relationship. We discontinue hedge accounting when we determine that the hedge is no longer highly effective, the hedging instrument is terminated, sold or expired, the designated forecasted transaction is not probable of occurring, or when the designation is removed by us.

Fair Value Hedges  In the normal course of business, we hold fixed-rate loans and securities and issue fixed-rate senior and subordinated debt obligations. The fair value of fixed-rate (U.S. dollar and non-U.S. dollar denominated) assets and liabilities fluctuates in response to changes in interest rates or foreign currency exchange rates. We utilize interest rate swaps, forward and futures contracts and foreign currency swaps to minimize the effect on earnings caused by interest rate and foreign currency volatility.

The changes in the fair value of the hedged item designated in a qualifying hedge are captured as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the hedged item (basis adjustment). If the hedging relationship is terminated and the hedged item continues to exist, the basis adjustment is amortized over the remaining life of the hedged item. We recorded basis adjustments for active fair value hedges which decreased the carrying amount of our debt by less than $1 million and $1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, compared with an increase in the carrying amount of our debt of less than $1 million and $1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively. We amortized $2 million and $5 million of basis adjustments related to terminated and/or re-designated fair value hedge relationships during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 , respectively, compared with $3 million and $7 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively. The total accumulated unamortized basis adjustment amounted to an increase in the carrying amount of our debt of $27 million and $33 million as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Basis adjustments for active fair value hedges of available-for-sale ("AFS") securities increased the carrying amount of the securities by $162 million and $338 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, compared with decreases in the carrying amount of the securities of $445 million and $600 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively. Total accumulated unamortized basis adjustments for active fair value hedges of available-for-sale securities amounted to an increase in carrying amount of $281 million as of June 30, 2014 compared with a decrease of $84 million as of December 31, 2013, respectively.

The following table presents information on gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments in fair value hedges and the hedged items in fair value hedges and their location on the consolidated statement of income:

 


Gain (Loss) on Derivative


Gain (Loss) on Hedged Items


Net Ineffective Gain (Loss) Recognized


Interest Income

(Expense)


Other Income


Interest Income

(Expense)


Other Income


Other Income


(in millions)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2014















Interest rate contracts/AFS Securities..............

$

(64

)


$

(188

)


$

96



$

189



$

1


Interest rate contracts/subordinated debt.......

2



-



(1

)


-



-


Total.......................................................................

$

(62

)


$

(188

)


$

95



$

189



$

1

















Three Months Ended June 30, 2013















Interest rate contracts/AFS Securities..............

$

(55

)


$

397



$

111



$

(380

)


$

17


Interest rate contracts/subordinated debt.......

4



-



(15

)


-



-


Total.......................................................................

$

(51

)


$

397



$

96



$

(380

)


$

17

















Six Months Ended June 30, 2014















Interest rate contracts/AFS Securities..............

$

(127

)


$

(407

)


$

198



$

401



$

(6

)

Interest rate contracts/subordinated debt.......

6



(1

)


(16

)


1



-


Total.......................................................................

$

(121

)


$

(408

)


$

182



$

402



$

(6

)
















Six Months Ended June 30, 2013















Interest rate contracts/AFS Securities..............

$

(111

)


$

567



$

225



$

(554

)


$

13


Interest rate contracts/subordinated debt.......

8



(1

)


(30

)


1



-


Total.......................................................................

$

(103

)


$

566



$

195



$

(553

)


$

13


Cash Flow Hedges  We own or issue floating rate financial instruments and enter into forecasted transactions that give rise to variability in future cash flows. As a part of our risk management strategy, we use interest rate swaps, currency swaps and futures contracts to mitigate risk associated with variability in the cash flows. Changes in fair value of a derivative instrument associated with the effective portion of a qualifying cash flow hedge are recognized initially in other comprehensive income. When the cash flows for which the derivative is hedging materialize and are recorded in income or expense, the associated gain or loss from the hedging derivative previously recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is reclassified into earnings in the same accounting period in which the designated forecasted transaction or hedged item affects earnings. If a cash flow hedge of a forecasted transaction is de-designated because it is no longer highly effective, or if the hedge relationship is terminated, the cumulative gain or loss on the hedging derivative to that date will continue to be reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) unless it is probable that the hedged forecasted transaction will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period as documented at the inception of the hedge, at which time the cumulative gain or loss is released into earnings. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, active cash flow hedge relationships extend or mature through July 2036. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, $2 million and $3 million of losses related to terminated and/or de-designated cash flow hedge relationships were amortized to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) compared with losses of $3 million and $7 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013. During the next twelve months, we expect to amortize $9 million of remaining losses to earnings resulting from these terminated and/or de-designated cash flow hedges. The interest accrual related to the derivative contract is recognized in interest income.

The following table presents information on gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges (including amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") from all terminated cash flow hedges) and their locations on the consolidated statement of income:

 


Gain (Loss)

Recognized

in AOCI on

Derivative

(Effective

Portion)


Location of Gain

(Loss) Reclassified

from AOCI

into Income (Effective Portion)


Gain (Loss)

Reclassed

From AOCI

into Income

(Effective

Portion)


Location of Gain

(Loss)

Recognized

in Income

on the Derivative

(Ineffective Portion and

Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)


Gain (Loss)

Recognized

in Income

on the

Derivative

(Ineffective

Portion)


2014



2013




2014



2013




2014



2013



(in millions)

Three Months Ended June 30,




















Foreign exchange contracts....

$

-



$

-



Interest income (expense)


$

-



$

-



Other income


$

-



$

-


Interest rate contracts..............

(25

)


84



Interest income (expense)


(2

)


(3

)


Other income


-



1


Total............................................

$

(25

)


$

84





$

(2

)


$

(3

)




$

-



$

1
























Six Months Ended June 30,




















Foreign exchange contracts....

$

1



$

-



Interest income (expense)


$

-



$

-



Other income


$

-



$

-


Interest rate contracts..............

(61

)


119



Interest income (expense)


(3

)


(7

)


Other income


-



-


Total............................................

$

(60

)


$

119





$

(3

)


$

(7

)




$

-



$

-


Trading Derivatives and Non-Qualifying Hedging Activities  In addition to risk management, we enter into derivative instruments for trading and market making purposes, to repackage risks and structure trades to facilitate clients' needs for various risk taking and risk modification purposes. We manage our risk exposure by entering into offsetting derivatives with other financial institutions to mitigate the market risks, in part or in full, arising from our trading activities with our clients. In addition, we also enter into buy-protection credit derivatives with other market participants to manage our counterparty credit risk exposure. Where we enter into derivatives for trading purposes, realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized in trading revenue or residential mortgage banking revenue. Credit losses arising from counterparty risk on over-the-counter derivative instruments and offsetting buy protection credit derivative positions are recognized as an adjustment to the fair value of the derivatives and are recorded in trading revenue.

We have elected the fair value option for certain fixed rate long-term debt issuances as well as hybrid instruments which include all structured notes and structured deposits and have entered into certain derivative contracts related to these debt issuances and hybrid instruments carried at fair value. These derivative contracts are non-qualifying hedges but are considered economic hedges. We have also entered into credit default swaps which are designated as economic hedges against the credit risks within our loan portfolio. In the event of an impairment loss occurring in a loan that is economically hedged, the impairment loss is recognized as provision for credit losses while the gain on the credit default swap is recorded as other income. In addition, we also from time to time have designated certain forward purchase or sale of to-be-announced ("TBA") securities to economically hedge mortgage servicing rights. Changes in the fair value of TBA positions, which are considered derivatives, are recorded in residential mortgage banking revenue. Derivative instruments designated as economic hedges that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recorded at fair value through profit and loss. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized in gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives, other income or residential mortgage banking revenue while the derivative asset or liability positions are reflected as other assets or other liabilities.

The following table presents information on gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes and their locations on the consolidated statement of income:

 


Location of Gain (Loss)

Recognized in Income on Derivatives

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized                     in Income on Derivatives


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013




(in millions)

Interest rate contracts..................................

Trading revenue

$

(89

)


$

(468

)


$

(32

)


$

(382

)

Interest rate contracts..................................

Residential mortgage banking revenue

22



(34

)


37



(41

)

Foreign exchange contracts........................

Trading revenue

58



736



83



578


Equity contracts............................................

Trading revenue

-



4



-



2


Precious metals contracts............................

Trading revenue

10



19



18



61


Credit contracts.............................................

Trading revenue

(108

)


(69

)


(115

)


78


Total................................................................


$

(107

)


$

188



$

(9

)


$

296


The following table presents information on gains and losses on derivative instruments held for non-qualifying hedging activities and their locations on the consolidated statement of income:

 


Location of Gain (Loss)

Recognized in Income on Derivatives

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized                             in Income on Derivatives


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013










(in millions)

Interest rate contracts...........................

Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives

$

111



$

(176

)


$

227



$

(238

)

Interest rate contracts...........................

Residential mortgage banking revenue

-



4



-



4


Foreign exchange contracts.................

Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives

9



(44

)


13



(55

)

Equity contracts.....................................

Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives

258



(75

)


339



240


Precious metals contracts.....................

Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives

8



(42

)


24



(42

)

Credit contracts......................................

Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives

-



1



1



1


Credit contracts......................................

Other income

(7

)


3



(11

)


3


Total.........................................................


$

379



$

(329

)


$

593



$

(87

)

Credit-Risk Related Contingent Features  We enter into total return swap, interest rate swap, cross-currency swap and credit default swap contracts, amongst others which contain provisions that require us to maintain a specific credit rating from each of the major credit rating agencies. Sometimes the derivative instrument transactions are a part of broader structured product transactions. If HSBC Bank USA, National Association's ("HSBC Bank USA") credit ratings were to fall below the current ratings, the counterparties to our derivative instruments could demand us to post additional collateral. The amount of additional collateral required to be posted will depend on whether HSBC Bank USA is downgraded by one or more notches and whether the downgrade is in relation to long-term or short-term ratings. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a liability position as of June 30, 2014, was $4,701 million for which we have posted collateral of $3,837 million. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a liability position as of December 31, 2013, was $5,614 million for which we have posted collateral of $5,059 million. Substantially all of the collateral posted is in the form of cash or securities available-for-sale. See Note 17, "Guarantee Arrangements, Pledged Assets and Collateral," for further details.

In the event of a credit downgrade, we currently do not expect HSBC Bank USA's long-term ratings to go below A2 and A+ or the short-term ratings to go below P-2 and A-1 by Moody's and Standard & Poor's ("S&P"), respectively. The following tables summarize our obligation to post additional collateral (from the current collateral level) in certain hypothetical commercially reasonable downgrade scenarios. It is not appropriate to accumulate or extrapolate information presented in the tables below to determine our total obligation because the information presented to determine the obligation in hypothetical rating scenarios is not mutually exclusive.

 

Moody's

Long-Term Ratings

Short-Term Ratings

A1


A2


A3


(in millions)

P-1....................................................................................................................................................

$

-



$

53



$

182


P-2....................................................................................................................................................

1



53



182


 

S&P

Long-Term Ratings

Short-Term Ratings

AA-


A+


A


(in millions)

A-1+.................................................................................................................................................

$

-



$

-



$

52


A-1...................................................................................................................................................

4



4



56


We would be required to post $5 million of additional collateral on total return swaps if HSBC Bank USA is downgraded by S&P and Moody's by two notches on our long term rating accompanied by one notch downgrade in our short term rating.

Notional Value of Derivative Contracts  The following table summarizes the notional values of derivative contracts:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Interest rate:






Futures and forwards................................................................................................................

$

115,127



$

175,468


Swaps...........................................................................................................................................

3,694,301



3,645,085


Options written...........................................................................................................................

46,040



85,021


Options purchased....................................................................................................................

61,121



87,735



3,916,589



3,993,309


Foreign Exchange:






Swaps, futures and forwards....................................................................................................

843,970



804,278


Options written...........................................................................................................................

121,210



82,817


Options purchased....................................................................................................................

122,574



84,835


Spot..............................................................................................................................................

59,786



52,193



1,147,540



1,024,123


Commodities, equities and precious metals:






Swaps, futures and forwards....................................................................................................

47,815



41,123


Options written...........................................................................................................................

12,156



21,531


Options purchased....................................................................................................................

10,266



21,723



70,237



84,377


Credit derivatives............................................................................................................................

303,034



355,286


Total...................................................................................................................................................

$

5,437,400



$

5,457,095


 


10.     Fair Value Option

 


 

We report our results to HSBC in accordance with its reporting basis, International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRSs"). We typically have elected to apply fair value option accounting to selected financial instruments to align the measurement attributes of those instruments under U.S. GAAP and IFRSs and to simplify the accounting model applied to those financial instruments. We elected to apply fair value option ("FVO") reporting to commercial syndicated loans held for sale, certain fixed rate long-term debt issuances and hybrid instruments which include all structured notes and structured deposits. Changes in fair value for these assets and liabilities are reported as gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives in the consolidated statement of income.

Loans  We elected to apply FVO to certain commercial syndicated loans which are originated with the intent to sell and are included as loans held for sale in the consolidated balance sheet. The election allows us to account for these loans at fair value which is consistent with the manner in which the instruments are managed. Interest from these loans is recorded as interest income in the consolidated statement of income. Because a substantial majority of the loans elected for the fair value option are floating rate assets, changes in their fair value are primarily attributable to changes in loan-specific credit risk factors. The components of gain (loss) related to loans designated at fair value are summarized in the table below. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, no loans for which the fair value option has been elected are 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status.

Long-Term Debt (Own Debt Issuances)  We elected to apply FVO for certain fixed-rate long-term debt for which we had applied or otherwise would elect to apply fair value hedge accounting. The election allows us to achieve a similar accounting effect without having to meet the hedge accounting requirements. The own debt issuances elected under FVO are traded in secondary markets and, as such, the fair value is determined based on observed prices for the specific instruments. The observed market price of these instruments reflects the effect of changes to our own credit spreads and interest rates. Interest on the fixed-rate debt accounted for under FVO is recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statement of income. The components of gain (loss) related to long-term debt designated at fair value are summarized in the table below.

Hybrid Instruments  We elected to apply fair value option accounting to all of our hybrid instruments issued, inclusive of structured notes and structured deposits. The valuation of the hybrid instruments is predominantly driven by the derivative features embedded within the instruments. Cash flows of the hybrid instruments are discounted at an appropriate rate for the applicable duration of the instrument adjusted for our own credit spreads. The credit spreads applied to structured notes are determined with reference to our own debt issuance rates observed in the primary and secondary markets, internal funding rates, and structured note rates in recent executions while the credit spreads applied to structured deposits are determined using market rates currently offered on comparable deposits with similar characteristics and maturities. Interest on this debt is recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statement of income. The components of gain (loss) related to hybrid instruments designated at fair value which reflect the instruments described above are summarized in the table below.

The following table summarizes the fair value and unpaid principal balance for items we account for under FVO:

 


Fair Value


Unpaid Principal Balance


(in millions)

At June 30, 2014






Commercial syndicated loans..................................................................................................

$

159



$

159


Fixed rate long-term debt.........................................................................................................

2,063



1,750


Hybrid instruments:






Structured deposits.............................................................................................................

7,714



7,472


Structured notes..................................................................................................................

6,200



5,787


At December 31, 2013






Commercial syndicated loans..................................................................................................

$

58



$

59


Fixed rate long-term debt.........................................................................................................

1,893



1,750


Hybrid instruments:






Structured deposits.............................................................................................................

7,740



7,539


Structured notes..................................................................................................................

5,693



5,377


Components of Gain (Loss) on Instruments at Fair Value and Related Derivatives  Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives includes the changes in fair value related to interest, credit and other risks as well as the mark-to-market adjustment on derivatives related to the financial instrument designated at fair value and net realized gains or losses on these derivatives. The following table summarizes the components of gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives related to the changes in fair value of the financial instrument accounted for under FVO:

 


Loans


Long-Term

Debt


Hybrid

Instruments


Total


(in millions)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2014












Interest rate and other components(1)........................................................

$

-



$

(61

)


$

(330

)


$

(391

)

Credit risk component(2)(3)............................................................................

-



(46

)


7



(39

)

Total mark-to-market on financial instruments designated at fair value.....................................................................................................................

-



(107

)


(323

)


(430

)

Mark-to-market on the related derivatives................................................

-



50



319



369


Net realized gain on the related long-term debt derivatives...................

-



17



-



17


Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives..................................................................................................

$

-



$

(40

)


$

(4

)


$

(44

)













Three Months Ended June 30, 2013












Interest rate and other components(1)........................................................

$

-



$

120



$

204



$

324


Credit risk component(2)(3)............................................................................

-



53



54



107


Total mark-to-market on financial instruments designated at fair value.........................................................................................................................

-



173



258



431


Mark-to-market on the related derivatives................................................

-



(128

)


(224

)


(352

)

Net realized gain on the related long-term debt derivatives...................

-



16



-



16


Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives......................................................................................................

$

-



$

61



$

34



$

95














Six Months Ended June 30, 2014












Interest rate and other components(1)........................................................

$

-



$

(143

)


$

(483

)


$

(626

)

Credit risk component(2)(3)............................................................................

-



(27

)


33



6


Total mark-to-market on financial instruments designated at fair value.....................................................................................................................

-



(170

)


(450

)


(620

)

Net realized loss on financial instruments.................................................

-



-



-



-


Mark-to-market on the related derivatives................................................

-



120



450



570


Net realized gain on the related long-term debt derivatives...................

-



34



-



34


Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives..................................................................................................

$

-



$

(16

)


$

-



$

(16

)













Six Months Ended June 30, 2013












Interest rate and other components(1)........................................................

$

-



$

183



$

(112

)


$

71


Credit risk component(2)(3)............................................................................

21



11



87



119


Total mark-to-market on financial instruments designated at fair value.........................................................................................................................

21



194



(25

)


190


Net realized loss on financial instruments.................................................

(8

)


-



-



(8

)

Mark-to-market on the related derivatives................................................

-



(190

)


64



(126

)

Net realized gain on the related long-term debt derivatives...................

-



32



-



32


Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives......................................................................................................

$

13



$

36



$

39



$

88














 


(1)        As it relates to hybrid instruments, interest rate and other components includes interest rate, foreign exchange and equity contract risks.

(2)        During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, the losses in the credit risk component for long-term debt are attributable to the tightening of our own credit spreads while the gains during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 are attributable to the widening of our own credit spreads.

(3)        During the three months ended June 30, 2014, the gains in the credit risk component for hybrid instruments reflect the widening of credit spreads on structured deposits partially offset by the tightening of credit spreads on structured notes. During the six months ended June 30, 2014, the gains in the credit risk component for hybrid instruments are attributable primarily to the widening of credit spreads on structured notes. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, the gains in the credit risk component for hybrid instruments are attributable primarily to the widening of credit spreads on structured notes.

 


11.     Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 


 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes certain items that are reported directly within a separate component of shareholders' equity. The following table presents changes in accumulated other comprehensive income balances:

 

Three Months Ended June 30,

2014



2013



(in millions)

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale:






Balance at beginning of period..................................................................................................................................

$

112



$

842


Other comprehensive income (loss) for period:






Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during period, net of tax of $110 million and $(398) million, respectively................................................................................................................................................

171



(571

)

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses realized in net income, net of tax of $3 million and $(9) million, respectively(1)........................................................................................................................

4



(14

)

Total other comprehensive income (loss) for period............................................................................................

175



(585

)

Balance at end of period............................................................................................................................................

287



257


Unrealized losses on other-than-temporarily impaired debt securities held-to-maturity:






Balance at beginning of period..................................................................................................................................

(59

)


-


Adjustment to add other-than-temporary impairment due to the consolidation of VIE, net of tax of $(48) million.............................................................................................................................................................

-



(67

)

Other comprehensive income for period:






Reclassification adjustment related to the accretion of unrealized other-than-temporary impairment, net of tax of $1 million(2).........................................................................................................................................

2



-


Total other comprehensive income for period.....................................................................................................

2



-


Balance at end of period............................................................................................................................................

(57

)


(67

)

Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:






Balance at beginning of period..................................................................................................................................

(103

)


(178

)

Other comprehensive income (loss) for period:






Net gains (losses) arising during period, net of tax of $(10) million and $35 million, respectively..................

(16

)


49


Reclassification adjustment for losses realized in net income, net of tax of $1 million and $1 million, respectively(3).............................................................................................................................................

1



2


Total other comprehensive income (loss) for period............................................................................................

(15

)


51


Balance at end of period............................................................................................................................................

(118

)


(127

)

Pension and postretirement benefit liability:






Balance at beginning and end of period......................................................................................................................

2



(6

)

Total accumulated other comprehensive income at end of period...................................................................

$

114



$

57








Six Months Ended June 30,

2014



2013



(in millions)

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale:






Balance at beginning of period..................................................................................................................................

$

(18

)


$

992


Other comprehensive income (loss) for period:






Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during period, net of tax of $202 million and $(455) million, respectively...

315



(649

)

Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in net income, net of tax of $(6) million and $(60) million, respectively(1)..................................................................................................................................................

(10

)


(86

)

Total other comprehensive income (loss) for period..............................................................................................

305



(735

)

Balance at end of period............................................................................................................................................

287



257


Unrealized losses on other-than-temporarily impaired debt securities held-to-maturity:






Balance at beginning of period..................................................................................................................................

(60

)


-


Adjustment to add other-than-temporary impairment due to the consolidation of a VIE, net of tax of $(48) million...............................................................................................................................................................

-



(67

)

Other comprehensive income for period:






Reclassification adjustment related to the accretion of unrealized other-than-temporary impairment, net of tax of $3 million(2).....................................................................................................................................................

3



-


Total other comprehensive income for period........................................................................................................

3



-


Balance at end of period............................................................................................................................................

(57

)


(67

)

Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:






Balance at beginning of period..................................................................................................................................

(83

)


(201

)

Other comprehensive income (loss) for period:






Net gains (losses) arising during period, net of tax of $(23) million and $49 million, respectively........................

(37

)


70


Reclassification adjustment for losses realized in net income, net of tax of $1 million and $3 million, respectively(3)..................................................................................................................................................

2



4


Total other comprehensive income (loss) for period..............................................................................................

(35

)


74


Balance at end of period............................................................................................................................................

(118

)


(127

)

Pension and postretirement benefit liability:






Balance at beginning and end of period......................................................................................................................

2



(6

)

Total accumulated other comprehensive income at end of period...................................................................

$

114



$

57


 


(1)        Amount reclassified to net income is included in other securities gains, net in our consolidated statement of income.

(2)        Amount reclassified to the carrying value of the debt securities is included in securities held-to-maturity in our consolidated balance sheet.

(3)        Amount reclassified to net income is included in interest income (expense) in our consolidated statement of income.

 


12.     Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

 


 

Defined Benefit Pension Plan  The components of pension expense for the defined benefit pension plan recorded in our consolidated statement of income and shown in the table below reflect the portion of pension expense of the combined HSBC North America Pension Plan (either the "HSBC North America Pension Plan" or the "Plan") which has been allocated to us.

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Service cost - benefits earned during the period............................................................

$

1



$

1



$

2



$

2


Interest cost on projected benefit obligation...................................................................

18



17



36



34


Expected return on assets...................................................................................................

(21

)


(21

)


(42

)


(41

)

Recognized losses................................................................................................................

9



13



19



26


Pension expense...................................................................................................................

$

7



$

10



$

15



$

21


Pension expense was lower during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 mainly due to lower recognized losses. During the first quarter of 2014, an additional contribution of $74 million was made to the Plan.

Postretirement Plans Other Than Pensions  The components of net periodic benefit cost for our postretirement plans other than pension are as follows:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Interest cost...........................................................................................................................

$

1



$

-



$

1



$

1


Net periodic postretirement benefit cost...........................................................................

$

1



$

-



$

1



$

1


 


13.     Related Party Transactions

 


 

In the normal course of business, we conduct transactions with HSBC and its subsidiaries. These transactions occur at prevailing market rates and terms and include funding arrangements, derivative, servicing arrangements, information technology, centralized support services, banking and other miscellaneous services. All extensions of credit by (and certain credit exposures of) HSBC Bank USA to other HSBC affiliates (other than Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insured banks) are legally required to be secured by eligible collateral. The following tables and discussions below present the more significant related party balances and the income (expense) generated by related party transactions:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Assets:






Cash and due from banks...........................................................................................................................

$

1,347



$

102


Interest bearing deposits with banks (1)...................................................................................................

1,226



631


Trading assets (2).........................................................................................................................................

15,993



17,082


Loans.............................................................................................................................................................

5,080



5,328


Other (3)..........................................................................................................................................................

1,168



1,219


Total assets...................................................................................................................................................

$

24,814



$

24,362


Liabilities:






Deposits........................................................................................................................................................

$

18,676



$

16,936


Trading liabilities (2).....................................................................................................................................

17,543



19,463


Short-term borrowings................................................................................................................................

1,748



1,514


Long-term debt.............................................................................................................................................

3,983



3,987


Other (3)..........................................................................................................................................................

511



573


Total liabilities..............................................................................................................................................

$

42,461



$

42,473


 


(1)        Includes interest bearing deposits with HSBC Mexico S.A. of $1,100 million and $500 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(2)        Trading assets and trading liabilities do not reflect the impact of netting which allows the offsetting of amounts relating to certain contracts if certain conditions are met. Trading assets and liabilities primarily consist of derivatives contracts.

(3)        Other assets and other liabilities primarily consist of derivative contracts.

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Income/(Expense):












Interest income.......................................................................................................................

$

86



$

83



$

123



$

105


Interest expense......................................................................................................................

(19

)


(19

)


(37

)


(39

)

Net interest income................................................................................................................

$

67



$

64



$

86



$

66


Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliate:












Fees and commissions:












HSBC Finance Corporation........................................................................................

$

23



$

26



$

38



$

47


HSBC Markets (USA) Inc. ("HMUS")......................................................................

1



4



5



9


Other HSBC affiliates..................................................................................................

12



14



31



30


Other HSBC affiliates income..........................................................................................

15



15



24



27


Total affiliate income..............................................................................................................

$

51



$

59



$

98



$

113


Support services from HSBC affiliates:












HSBC Finance Corporation.............................................................................................

$

(3

)


$

(5

)


$

(6

)


$

(9

)

HMUS.................................................................................................................................

(51

)


(54

)


(104

)


(106

)

HSBC Technology & Services (USA) ("HTSU").........................................................

(271

)


(242

)


(524

)


(475

)

Other HSBC affiliates........................................................................................................

(60

)


(61

)


(105

)


(96

)

Total support services from HSBC affiliates......................................................................

$

(385

)


$

(362

)


$

(739

)


$

(686

)

Stock based compensation expense with HSBC (1)...........................................................

$

(10

)


$

(13

)


$

(18

)


$

(22

)

 


(1)        Employees may participate in one or more stock compensation plans sponsored by HSBC. These expenses are included in Salaries and employee benefits in our consolidated statement of income. Employees also may participate in a defined benefit pension plan and other postretirement plans sponsored by HSBC North America which are discussed in Note 12, "Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits."

Funding Arrangements with HSBC Affiliates:

We use HSBC affiliates to fund a portion of our borrowing and liquidity needs. Long-term debt with affiliates reflects $4.0 billion in senior debt with HSBC North America. Of this amount, $1.0 billion is a 5 year floating rate note which matures in August 2014 and $3.0 billion that matures in three equal installments of $1.0 billion in April 2015, 2016 and 2017. The debt bears interest at 90 day U.S. dollar Libor plus a spread, with each maturity at a different spread.

We have the following funding arrangements available with HSBC affiliates, although there were no outstanding balances at either June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

•     $1,000 million committed line of credit with HSBC Investment (Bahamas) Limited; 

•     $500 million committed line of credit with HSBC; and

•      $150 million uncommitted line of credit with HSBC North America Inc. ("HNAI").

We have also incurred short-term borrowings with certain affiliates, largely related to metals activity. In addition, certain affiliates have also placed deposits with us.

Lending and Derivative Related Arrangements Extended to HSBC Affiliates:

At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we have the following loan balances outstanding with HSBC affiliates:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

HSBC Finance Corporation.............................................................................................................................

$

3,014



$

3,015


HSBC Markets (USA) Inc. ("HMUS") and subsidiaries.............................................................................

720



199


HSBC Bank Brasil S.A......................................................................................................................................

1,100



1,000


Other short-term affiliate lending....................................................................................................................

246



1,114


Total assets........................................................................................................................................................

$

5,080



$

5,328


HSBC Finance Corporation - We have extended a $5.0 billion, 364 day uncommitted unsecured revolving credit agreement to HSBC Finance which allows for borrowings with maturities of up to 15 years. At both June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, $3.0 billion was outstanding under this credit agreement with $512 million maturing in September 2017, $1.5 billion maturing in January 2018 and $1.0 billion maturing in September 2018. We have also extended a committed revolving credit facility to HSBC Finance of $1.0 billion which did not have any outstanding balance at either June 30, 2014 or December 31, 2013. This credit facility expires in May 2017.

HMUS and subsidiaries - We have extended loans and lines, some of them uncommitted, to HMUS and its subsidiaries in the amount of $6.7 billion and $3.8 billion at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, of which $720 million and $199 million, respectively, was outstanding. The outstanding balances mature at various stages between 2014 and 2017.

HSBC Bank Brasil S.A. - We have extended uncommitted lines of credit to HSBC Bank Brasil in the amount of $1.1 billion and $1.5 billion at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, of which $1.1 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, was outstanding. The outstanding balances mature at various stages between 2014 and 2016.

We have extended lines of credit to various other HSBC affiliates totaling $2.3 billion which did not have any outstanding balances at either June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

Other short-term affiliate lending - In addition to loans and lines extended to affiliates discussed above, from time to time we may extend loans to affiliates which are generally short term in nature. At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, there were $246 million and $1,114 million, respectively, of these loans outstanding. 

HUSI is also committed to provide liquidity facilities to backstop the liquidity risk in Regency, an asset-backed commercial paper conduit consolidated by our affiliate, in relation to assets originated in the U.S. region. The notional amount of the liquidity facilities provided by HUSI to Regency was approximately $2.4 billion as of June 30, 2014, which is less than half of Regency's total liquidity facilities.

As part of a global HSBC strategy to offset interest rate or other market risks associated with debt issues and derivative contracts with unaffiliated third parties, we routinely enter into derivative transactions with HSBC Finance and other HSBC affiliates. The notional value of derivative contracts related to these contracts was approximately $1,138.7 billion and $1,210.6 billion at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The net credit exposure (defined as the net fair value of derivative assets and liabilities) related to the contracts was approximately $953 million and $845 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Our Global Banking and Markets business accounts for these transactions on a mark to market basis, with the change in value of contracts with HSBC affiliates substantially offset by the change in value of related contracts entered into with unaffiliated third parties.

Services Provided Between HSBC Affiliates:

Under multiple service level agreements, we provide services to and receive services from various HSBC affiliates. The following summarizes these activities:

•     Servicing activities for residential mortgage loans across North America are performed both by us and HSBC Finance. As a result, we receive servicing fees from HSBC Finance for services performed on their behalf and pay servicing fees to HSBC Finance for services performed on our behalf. The fees we receive from HSBC Finance are reported in Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates. Fees we pay to HSBC Finance are reported in Support services from HSBC affiliates. This includes fees paid for the servicing of residential mortgage loans (with a carrying amount of $907 million and $983 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively) that we purchased from HSBC Finance in 2003 and 2004.

•     HSBC North America's technology and certain centralized support services including human resources, corporate affairs, risk management, legal, compliance, tax, finance and other shared services that are centralized within HTSU. HTSU also provides certain item processing and statement processing activities to us. The fees we pay HTSU for the centralized support services and processing activities are included in Support services from HSBC affiliates. We also receive fees from HTSU for providing certain administrative services to them. The fees we receive from HTSU are included in Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates. In certain cases, for facilities used by HTSU, we may guarantee their performance under the lease agreements.

•     We use HSBC Global Resourcing (UK) Ltd., an HSBC affiliate located outside of the United States, to provide various support services to our operations including among other areas, customer service, systems, collection and accounting functions. The expenses related to these services are included in Support services from HSBC affiliates.

•     We utilize HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. ("HSI") for broker dealer, debt underwriting, customer referrals, loan syndication and other treasury and traded markets related services, pursuant to service level agreements. Fees charged by HSI for broker dealer, loan syndication services, treasury and traded markets related services are included in Support services from HSBC affiliates. Debt underwriting fees charged by HSI are deferred as a reduction of long-term debt and amortized to interest expense over the life of the related debt. Customer referral fees paid to HSI are netted against customer fee income, which is included in other fees and commissions.

Other Transactions with HSBC Affiliates

We also received revenue from our affiliates for rent on certain office space, which has been recorded as a component of support services from HSBC affiliates. Rental revenue from our affiliates totaled $13 million and $27 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, compared with $13 million and $25 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively.

 


14.     Business Segments

 


 

We have four distinct business segments that we utilize for management reporting and analysis purposes, which are aligned with HSBC's global businesses and business strategy. There have been no changes in the basis of our segmentation or measurement of segment profit as compared with the presentation in our 2013 Form 10-K.

Our segment results are presented in accordance with IFRSs (a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure) on a legal entity basis ("IFRSs Basis") as operating results are monitored and reviewed, trends are evaluated and decisions about allocating resources, such as employees are made almost exclusively on an IFRSs basis since we report financial information to our parent, HSBC, in accordance with IFRSs. We continue to monitor capital adequacy, establish dividend policy and report to regulatory agencies on a U.S. GAAP legal entity basis.

A summary of the significant differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRSs as they impact our results are presented in Note 25, "Business Segments," in our 2013 Form 10-K.  There have been no significant changes since December 31, 2013 in the differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRSs impacting our results.

 

 

The following table summarizes the results for each segment on an IFRSs basis, as well as provides a reconciliation of total results under IFRSs to U.S. GAAP consolidated totals:

 


IFRSs Consolidated Amounts











RBWM


CMB


GB&M


PB


Other


Adjustments/

Reconciling

Items


Total


IFRSs

Adjustments(4)


IFRSs

Reclassi-

fications(5)


U.S. GAAP

Consolidated

Totals


(in millions)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2014

























Net interest income(1).

$

212



$

202



$

109



$

56



$

78



$

(4

)


$

653



$

(16

)


$

36



$

673


Other operating income.......................

104



64



151



25



(38

)


4



310



(6

)


(43

)


261


Total operating income.......................

316



266



260



81



40



-



963



(22

)


(7

)


934


Loan impairment   charges(3)....................

21



83



40



-



-



-



144



(52

)


(7

)


85



295



183



220



81



40



-



819



30



-



849


Operating expenses(2).

298



174



239



61



28



-



800



76



-



876


Profit (loss) before income tax expense...

$

(3

)


$

9



$

(19

)


$

20



$

12



$

-



$

19



$

(46

)


$

-



$

(27

)































Three Months Ended June 30, 2013

























Net interest income(1).

$

206



$

172



$

125



$

49



$

(14

)


$

(3

)


$

535



$

(21

)


$

4



$

518


Other operating income.......................

82



77



295



30



68



3



555



12



(1

)


566


Total operating income.......................

288



249



420



79



54



-



1,090



(9

)


3



1,084


Loan impairment   charges(3)....................

21



1



6



-



-



-



28



19



20



67



267



248



414



79



54



-



1,062



(28

)


(17

)


1,017


Operating expenses(2).

300



171



250



67



22



-



810



(27

)


(17

)


766


Profit (loss) before income tax expense...

$

(33

)


$

77



$

164



$

12



$

32



$

-



$

252



$

(1

)


$

-



$

251
































Six Months Ended June 30, 2014

























Net interest income(1).

$

410



$

389



$

206



$

105



$

65



$

(9

)


$

1,166



$

(31

)


$

57



$

1,192


Other operating income.......................

217



132



445



50



(13

)


9



840



(10

)


(69

)


761


Total operating income.......................

627



521



651



155



52



-



2,006



(41

)


(12

)


1,953


Loan impairment   charges(3)....................

23



90



55



(5

)


-



-



163



(48

)


(14

)


101



604



431



596



160



52



-



1,843



7



2



1,852


Operating expenses(2).

577



332



478



116



53



-



1,556



68



2



1,626


Profit (loss) before income tax expense...

$

27



$

99



$

118



$

44



$

(1

)


$

-



$

287



$

(61

)


$

-



$

226


Balances at end of period:






























Total assets................

$

19,169



$

26,467



$

175,330



$

8,232



$

826



$

-



$

230,024



$

(47,570

)


$

(236

)


$

182,218


Total loans, net..........

16,315



25,239



19,957



6,069



-



-



67,580



1,693



2,301



71,574


Goodwill.....................

581



358



-



325



-



-



1,264



348



-



1,612


Total deposits............

29,138



22,135



31,935



11,822



-



-



95,030



(3,128

)


23,619



115,521
































Six Months Ended June 30, 2013

























Net interest income(1).

$

421



$

342



$

234



$

94



$

(28

)


$

(7

)


$

1,056



$

(38

)


$

5



$

1,023


Other operating income.......................

189



142



677



58



51



7



1,124



38



(4

)


1,158


Total operating income.......................

610



484



911



152



23



-



2,180



-



1



2,181


Loan impairment   charges(3)....................

53



15



9



1



-



-



78



(4

)


14



88



557



469



902



151



23



-



2,102



4



(13

)


2,093


Operating expenses(2).

591



333



480



127



43



-



1,574



(27

)


(13

)


1,534


Profit (loss) before income tax expense...

$

(34

)


$

136



$

422



$

24



$

(20

)


$

-



$

528



$

31



$

-



$

559


Balances at end of period:






























Total assets................

$

19,563



$

20,799



$

197,729



$

7,499



$

1,088



$

-



$

246,678



$

(57,199

)


$

45



$

189,524


Total loans, net..........

16,508



19,693



19,975



5,874



-



-



62,050



3,144



906



66,100


Goodwill.....................

581



358



480



325



-



-



1,744



484



-



2,228


Total deposits............

31,855



21,382



35,524



12,152



-



-



100,913



(5,047

)


15,869



111,735


 


(1)        Net interest income of each segment represents the difference between actual interest earned on assets and interest paid on liabilities of the segment adjusted for a funding charge or credit. Segments are charged a cost to fund assets (e.g. customer loans) and receive a funding credit for funds provided (e.g. customer deposits) based on equivalent market rates. The objective of these charges/credits is to transfer interest rate risk from the segments to one centralized unit in Treasury and more appropriately reflect the profitability of segments.

(2)        Expenses for the segments include fully apportioned corporate overhead expenses.

(3)        The provision assigned to the segments is based on the segments' net charge offs and the change in allowance for credit losses.

(4)        Represents adjustments associated with differences between IFRSs and U.S. GAAP bases of accounting.

(5)        Represents differences in financial statement presentation between IFRSs and U.S. GAAP.

 


15.     Retained Earnings and Regulatory Capital Requirements

 


 

Bank dividends are a major source of funds used for payment by us of shareholder dividends and, along with interest earned on investments, cover our operating expenses which consist primarily of interest on outstanding debt. Any significant dividend from HSBC Bank USA would require the approval of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC"). Approval is also required if the total of all dividends HSBC Bank USA declares in any year exceeds the cumulative net profits for that year, combined with the profits for the two preceding years reduced by dividends attributable to those years. Under a separate restriction, payment of dividends is prohibited in amounts greater than undivided profits then on hand, after deducting actual losses and bad debts. Bad debts are debts due and unpaid for a period of six months unless well secured, as defined, and in the process of collection.

The following table summarizes the capital amounts and ratios of HSBC USA and HSBC Bank USA, calculated in accordance with banking regulations in effect as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


Capital

Amount


Well-Capitalized

Minimum Ratio(1)(2)


Actual

Ratio


Capital

Amount


Well-Capitalized

Minimum Ratio(1)


Actual

Ratio(3)


(dollars are in millions)

Total capital ratio:


















HSBC USA.................................

$

21,009



10.00

%


16.01

%


$

20,242



10.00

%


16.36

%

HSBC Bank USA.......................

22,603



10.00

%


18.03



21,324



10.00



18.03


Tier 1 capital ratio:


















HSBC USA.................................

15,167



6.00



11.56



14,409



6.00



11.65


HSBC Bank USA.......................

17,011



8.00



13.57



15,763



6.00



13.33


Common equity Tier 1 ratio(4):


















HSBC USA.................................

13,679



4.50



10.42



12,301



5.00


(5)

9.94


HSBC Bank USA.......................

17,011



6.50



13.57



15,763



5.00



13.33


Tier 1 leverage ratio:


















HSBC USA.................................

15,167



4.00



8.28



14,409



3.00


(6)

7.90


HSBC Bank USA.......................

17,011



5.00



9.71



15,763



5.00



9.06


Risk weighted assets:


















HSBC USA.................................

131,231









123,737








HSBC Bank USA.......................

125,359









118,285








 


(1)        HSBC USA and HSBC Bank USA are categorized as "well-capitalized," as defined by their principal regulators. To be categorized as well-capitalized under regulatory guidelines, a banking institution must have the minimum ratios reflected in the above table, and must not be subject to a directive, order, or written agreement to meet and maintain specific capital levels.

(2)        As previously discussed, the minimum regulatory ratios for a depository institution to be well-capitalized will increase in 2015 under Basel III, and the new ratios are shown above. The total capital and Tier 1 capital ratios shown above for HSBC USA are the well-capitalized ratios for a bank holding company. There are no common equity Tier 1 or Tier 1 leverage ratio components in the definition of a well-capitalized bank holding company and the ratios shown are the required minimum ratios beginning in 2015.

(3)        At December 31, 2013, capital ratios were reported according to Basel I rules and reflect the impact of the U.S. market risk final rule (known in the industry as Basel 2.5).

(4)        Basel III introduces the common equity Tier 1 ratio. For December 31, 2013, the ratios presented are the Tier 1 common ratio calculated under Basel I.

(5)        There was no Tier 1 common ratio component in the definition of a well-capitalized bank holding company under Basel I. The ratio shown is the required minimum Tier 1 common ratio, calculated under Basel I, as included in the Federal Reserve Board's final rule regarding capital plans for U.S. bank holding companies with total consolidated assets of $50 billion or more.

(6)        There was no Tier 1 leverage ratio component in the definition of a well-capitalized bank holding company under Basel I. The ratio shown is the minimum required ratio.

In 2013, U.S. regulators issued a final rule implementing the Basel III capital framework in the U.S. which, for banking organizations such as HSBC North America and HSBC Bank USA, took effect January 1, 2014 with certain provisions being phased in over time through the beginning of 2019. As a result, beginning in 2014, capital ratios are reported in accordance with the Basel III transition rules within the final rule.

We did not receive any cash capital contributions from our immediate parent, HNAI during the first six months of 2014. We did not make any capital contributions to our subsidiary, HSBC Bank USA, during the six months ended June 30, 2014.


16.     Variable Interest Entities

 


 

In the ordinary course of business, we have organized special purpose entities ("SPEs") primarily to structure financial products to meet our clients' investment needs, to facilitate clients to access and raise financing from capital markets and to securitize financial assets held to meet our own funding needs. For disclosure purposes, we aggregate SPEs based on the purpose, risk characteristics and business activities of the SPEs. A SPE is a VIE if it lacks sufficient equity investment at risk to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or, as a group, the holders of the equity investment at risk lack either a) the power through voting or similar rights to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impacts the entity's economic performance; or b) the obligation to absorb the entity's expected losses, the right to receive the expected residual returns, or both.

Variable Interest Entities  We consolidate VIEs in which we hold a controlling financial interest as evidenced by the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the VIE that could be potentially significant to the VIE and therefore are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. We take into account our entire involvement in a VIE (explicit or implicit) in identifying variable interests that individually or in the aggregate could be significant enough to warrant our designation as the primary beneficiary and hence require us to consolidate the VIE or otherwise require us to make appropriate disclosures. We consider our involvement to be significant where we, among other things, (i) provide liquidity put options or other liquidity facilities to support the VIE's debt obligations; (ii) enter into derivative contracts to absorb the risks and benefits from the VIE or from the assets held by the VIE; (iii) provide a financial guarantee that covers assets held or liabilities issued; (iv) design, organize and structure the transaction; and (v) retain a financial or servicing interest in the VIE.

We are required to evaluate whether to consolidate a VIE when we first become involved and on an ongoing basis. In almost all cases, a qualitative analysis of our involvement in the entity provides sufficient evidence to determine whether we are the primary beneficiary. In rare cases, a more detailed analysis to quantify the extent of variability to be absorbed by each variable interest holder is required to determine the primary beneficiary.

Consolidated VIEs  The following table summarizes assets and liabilities related to our consolidated VIEs as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 which are consolidated on our balance sheets. Assets and liabilities exclude intercompany balances that eliminate in consolidation.

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


Consolidated

Assets


Consolidated

Liabilities


Consolidated

Assets


Consolidated

Liabilities


(in millions)

Asset-backed commercial paper conduit:












Interest bearing deposits with banks..................................................

3



-



5



-


Held-to-maturity securities...................................................................

157



-



200



-


Other assets............................................................................................

40



-



45



-


Other liabilities........................................................................................

-



-



-



3


Subtotal......................................................................................................

200



-



250



3


Low income housing limited liability partnership:












Other assets............................................................................................

418



-



457



-


Long-term debt.......................................................................................

-



92



-



92


Other liabilities........................................................................................

-



71



-



90


Subtotal......................................................................................................

$

418



$

163



$

457



$

182


Total...............................................................................................................

$

618



$

163



$

707



$

185


Asset-backed conduit  During 2013, HSBC decided to restructure certain of its asset-backed commercial paper conduit programs to have only one asset-backed commercial paper conduit providing securitized financing to HSBC clients globally. As part of this initiative, our commercial paper conduit otherwise known as Bryant Park is no longer transacting new business and certain existing Bryant Park customer transactions have been refinanced by an existing commercial paper conduit currently consolidated by HSBC Bank plc. Bryant Park continues to exist but only to fund select legacy assets it currently holds. Upon completion of the restructure in 2013, HSBC Bank USA became the primary beneficiary of Bryant Park at which time Bryant Park became included in our consolidated results.

Low income housing limited liability partnership  In 2009, all low income housing investments held by us were transferred to a Limited Liability Partnership ("LLP") in exchange for debt and equity while a third party invested cash for an equity interest that is mandatorily redeemable at a future date. The LLP was created in order to ensure the utilization of future tax benefits from these low income housing tax projects. The LLP was deemed to be a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity investment at risk to finance its activities. Upon entering into this transaction, we concluded that we are the primary beneficiary of the LLP due to the nature of our continuing involvement and, as a result, consolidate the LLP and report the equity interest issued to the third party investor in other liabilities and the assets of the LLP in other assets on our consolidated balance sheet. The investments held by the LLP represent equity investments in the underlying low income housing partnerships for which the LLP applies equity-method accounting. The LLP does not consolidate the underlying partnerships because it does not have the power to direct the activities of the partnerships that most significantly impact the economic performance of the partnerships.

Unconsolidated VIEs  We also have variable interests in other VIEs that are not consolidated because we are not the primary beneficiary. The following table provides additional information on these unconsolidated VIEs, including the variable interests held by us and our maximum exposure to loss arising from our involvements in these VIEs, as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 


Variable Interests

Held Classified

as Assets


Variable Interests

Held Classified

as Liabilities


Total Assets in

Unconsolidated

VIEs


Maximum

Exposure

to Loss


(in millions)

At June 30, 2014












Asset-backed commercial paper conduits......................

$

42



$

-



$

12,407



$

2,354


Structured note vehicles....................................................

2,830



8



6,085



5,929


Total......................................................................................

$

2,872



$

8



$

18,492



$

8,283


At December 31, 2013












Asset-backed commercial paper conduits......................

$

417



$

-



$

17,044



$

2,560


Structured note vehicles....................................................

2,272



55



6,190



5,888


Total......................................................................................

$

2,689



$

55



$

23,234



$

8,448


Information on the types of variable interest entities with which we are involved, the nature of our involvement and the variable interests held in those entities is presented below.

Asset-backed commercial paper ("ABCP") conduits  Separately from the Bryant Park facility discussed above, we provide liquidity facilities to Regency, a multi-seller ABCP conduit consolidated by our affiliate. Customers sell financial assets, such as trade receivables, to Regency, which funds the purchases by issuing short-term highly-rated commercial paper collateralized by the assets acquired. We, along with other financial institutions, provide liquidity facilities to Regency in the form of lines of credit or asset purchase commitments. These liquidity facilities support transactions associated with a specific seller of assets to the conduit and we would only be required to provide support in the event of certain triggers associated with those transactions and assets. Our obligations are generally pari passu with those of other institutions that also provide liquidity support to the same conduit or for the same transactions. We do not provide any program-wide credit enhancements to ABCP conduits.

Each seller of assets to an ABCP conduit typically provides credit enhancements in the form of asset overcollateralization and, therefore, bears the risk of first loss related to the specific assets transferred. We do not transfer our own assets to Regency. We also do not provide the majority of the liquidity facilities to Regency. We have no ownership interests in, perform no administrative duties for, and do not service any of the assets held by Regency. We are not the primary beneficiary and do not consolidate Regency. Credit risk related to the liquidity facilities provided is managed by subjecting these facilities to our normal underwriting and risk management processes. The $2,354 million maximum exposure to loss presented in the table above represents the maximum amount of loans and asset purchases we could be required to fund under the liquidity facilities. The maximum loss exposure is estimated assuming the facilities are fully drawn and the underlying collateralized assets are in default with zero recovery value.

Structured note vehicles  Our involvement in structured note vehicles includes derivatives such as interest rate and currency swaps and investments in the vehicles' debt instruments. With respect to several of these VIEs, we hold variable interests in the form of total return swaps under which we receive the total return on certain assets held by the VIE and pay a market rate of return.

We also hold credit default swaps with these structured note VIEs under which we receive credit protection on specified reference assets in exchange for the payment of a premium. Through these derivatives, the VIEs assume the credit risk associated with the reference assets which are then passed on to the holders of the debt instruments they issue. Because they create rather than absorb variability, the credit default swaps we hold are not considered variable interests. In limited circumstances, we entered into total return swaps taking on the risks and benefits of certain structured notes issued by unconsolidated VIEs. The same risks and benefits are passed on to third party entities through back-end total return swaps. We earn a spread for facilitating the transaction. Our maximum exposure to loss is the notional amount of the structured notes covered by the swap. The maximum exposure to loss will occur in the unlikely scenario where the value of the structured notes is reduced to zero and, at the same time, the counterparty of the back-end swap defaults with zero recovery.

We record all investments in, and derivative contracts with, unconsolidated structured note vehicles at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet. Our maximum exposure to loss is limited to the recorded amounts of these instruments or, where applicable, the notional amount of the derivatives wrapping the structured notes.

Beneficial interests issued by third-party sponsored securitization entities  We hold certain beneficial interests such as mortgage-backed securities issued by third party sponsored securitization entities which may be considered VIEs. The investments are transacted at arm's-length and decisions to invest are based on a credit analysis of the underlying collateral assets or the issuer. We are a passive investor in these issuers and do not have the power to direct the activities of these issuers. As such, we do not consolidate these securitization entities. Additionally, we do not have other involvements in servicing or managing the collateral assets or provide financial or liquidity support to these issuers which potentially give rise to risk of loss exposure. These investments are an integral part of the disclosure in Note 3, "Securities," and Note 18, "Fair Value Measurements," and, therefore, are not disclosed in this note to avoid redundancy.

 


17.     Guarantee Arrangements, Pledged Assets and Collateral

 


 

Guarantee Arrangements  As part of our normal operations, we enter into credit derivatives and various off-balance sheet guarantee arrangements with affiliates and third parties. These arrangements arise principally in connection with our lending and client intermediation activities and include standby letters of credit and certain credit derivative transactions. The contractual amounts of these arrangements represent our maximum possible credit exposure in the event that we are required to fulfill the maximum obligation under the contractual terms of the guarantee.

The following table presents total carrying value and contractual amounts of our sell protection credit derivatives and major off-balance sheet guarantee arrangements as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. Following the table is a description of the various arrangements.

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


Carrying

Value


Notional/Maximum

Exposure to Loss


Carrying

Value


Notional/Maximum

Exposure to Loss


(in millions)

Credit derivatives(1)(4).....................................................................................

$

1,047



$

149,540



$

545



$

180,380


Financial standby letters of credit, net of participations(2)(3)....................

-



5,491



-



5,237


Performance (non-financial) guarantees(3)..................................................

-



2,904



-



3,172


Liquidity asset purchase agreements(3).......................................................

-



2,354



-



2,560


Total..................................................................................................................

$

1,047



$

160,289



$

545



$

191,349


 


(1)        Includes $36,920 million and $34,856 million of notional issued for the benefit of HSBC affiliates at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(2)        Includes $842 million and $865 million issued for the benefit of HSBC affiliates at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(3)        For standby letters of credit and liquidity asset purchase agreements, maximum loss represents losses to be recognized assuming the letter of credit and liquidity facilities have been fully drawn and the obligors have defaulted with zero recovery.

(4)        For credit derivatives, the maximum loss is represented by the notional amounts without consideration of mitigating effects from collateral or recourse arrangements.

Credit-Risk Related Guarantees

Credit derivatives  Credit derivatives are financial instruments that transfer the credit risk of a reference obligation from the credit protection buyer to the credit protection seller who is exposed to the credit risk without buying the reference obligation. We sell credit protection on underlying reference obligations (such as loans or securities) by entering into credit derivatives, primarily in the form of credit default swaps, with various institutions. We account for all credit derivatives at fair value. Where we sell credit protection to a counterparty that holds the reference obligation, the arrangement is effectively a financial guarantee on the reference obligation. Under a credit derivative contract, the credit protection seller will reimburse the credit protection buyer upon occurrence of a credit event (such as bankruptcy, insolvency, restructuring or failure to meet payment obligations when due) as defined in the derivative contract, in return for a periodic premium. Upon occurrence of a credit event, we will pay the counterparty the stated notional amount of the derivative contract and receive the underlying reference obligation. The recovery value of the reference obligation received could be significantly lower than its notional principal amount when a credit event occurs.

Certain derivative contracts are subject to master netting arrangements and related collateral agreements. A party to a derivative contract may demand that the counterparty post additional collateral in the event its net exposure exceeds certain predetermined limits and when the credit rating falls below a certain grade. We set the collateral requirements by counterparty such that the collateral covers various transactions and products, and is not allocated to specific individual contracts.

We manage our exposure to credit derivatives using a variety of risk mitigation strategies where we enter into offsetting hedge positions or transfer the economic risks, in part or in entirety, to investors through the issuance of structured credit products. We actively manage the credit and market risk exposure in the credit derivative portfolios on a net basis and, as such, retain no or a limited net sell protection position at any time. The following table summarizes our net credit derivative positions as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


Carrying (Fair)

Value


Notional


Carrying (Fair)

Value


Notional


(in millions)

Sell-protection credit derivative positions.............................................

$

1,047



$

149,540



$

545



$

180,380


Buy-protection credit derivative positions............................................

(1,056

)


153,494



(505

)


174,906


Net position(1).............................................................................................

$

(9

)


$

(3,954

)


$

40



$

5,474


 


(1)        Positions are presented net in the table above to provide a complete analysis of our risk exposure and depict the way we manage our credit derivative portfolio. The offset of the sell-protection credit derivatives against the buy-protection credit derivatives may not be legally binding in the absence of master netting agreements with the same counterparty. Furthermore, the credit loss triggering events for individual sell protection credit derivatives may not be the same or occur in the same period as those of the buy protection credit derivatives thereby not providing an exact offset.

Standby letters of credit  A standby letter of credit is issued to a third party for the benefit of a customer and is a guarantee that the customer will perform or satisfy certain obligations under a contract. It irrevocably obligates us to pay a specified amount to the third party beneficiary if the customer fails to perform the contractual obligation. We issue two types of standby letters of credit: performance and financial. A performance standby letter of credit is issued where the customer is required to perform some nonfinancial contractual obligation, such as the performance of a specific act, whereas a financial standby letter of credit is issued where the customer's contractual obligation is of a financial nature, such as the repayment of a loan or debt instrument. As of June 30, 2014, the total amount of outstanding financial standby letters of credit (net of participations) and performance guarantees were $5,491 million and $2,904 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2013, the total amount of outstanding financial standby letters of credit (net of participations) and performance guarantees were $5,237 million and $3,172 million, respectively.

The issuance of a standby letter of credit is subject to our credit approval process and collateral requirements. We charge fees for issuing letters of credit commensurate with the customer's credit evaluation and the nature of any collateral. Included in other liabilities are deferred fees on standby letters of credit, which represent the value of the stand-ready obligation to perform under these guarantees, amounting to $41 million and $46 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Also included in other liabilities is an allowance for credit losses on unfunded standby letters of credit of $19 million and $18 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

The following table summarizes the credit ratings of credit risk related guarantees including the credit ratings of counterparties against which we sold credit protection and financial standby letters of credit as of June 30, 2014 as an indicative proxy of payment risk:

 


Average

Life

(in years)


Credit Ratings of the Obligors or the Transactions

Notional/Contractual Amounts

      Investment

Grade


Non-Investment

Grade


Total


(dollars are in millions)

Sell-protection Credit Derivatives(1)











Single name credit default swaps ("CDS")................................

2.5


$

96,763



$

18,760



$

115,523


Structured CDS..............................................................................

2.1


11,139



1,565



12,704


Index credit derivatives.................................................................

2.8


17,148



194



17,342


Total return swaps.........................................................................

3.3


3,553



418



3,971


Subtotal................................................................................................



128,603



20,937



149,540


Standby Letters of Credit(2)...............................................................

1.1


6,222



2,173



8,395


Total......................................................................................................



$

134,825



$

23,110



$

157,935


 


(1)        The credit ratings in the table represent external credit ratings for classification as investment grade and non-investment grade.

(2)        External ratings for most of the obligors are not available. Presented above are the internal credit ratings which are developed using similar methodologies and rating scale equivalent to external credit ratings for purposes of classification as investment grade and non-investment grade.

Our internal groupings are determined based on HSBC's risk rating systems and processes which assign a credit grade based on a scale which ranks the risk of default of a customer. The groupings are determined and used for managing risk and determining level of credit exposure appetite based on the customer's operating performance, liquidity, capital structure and debt service ability. In addition, we also incorporate subjective judgments into the risk rating process concerning such things as industry trends, comparison of performance to industry peers and perceived quality of management. We compare our internal risk ratings to outside external rating agency benchmarks, where possible, at the time of formal review and regularly monitor whether our risk ratings are comparable to the external ratings benchmark data.

A non-investment grade rating of a referenced obligor has a negative impact to the fair value of the credit derivative and increases the likelihood that we will be required to perform under the credit derivative contract. We employ market-based parameters and, where possible, use the observable credit spreads of the referenced obligors as measurement inputs in determining the fair value of the credit derivatives. We believe that such market parameters are more indicative of the current status of payment/performance risk than external ratings by the rating agencies which may not be forward-looking in nature and, as a result, lag behind those market-based indicators.

Mortgage Loan Repurchase Obligations

Sale of mortgage loans  In the ordinary course of business, we originate and sell mortgage loans and provide various representations and warranties related to, among other things, the ownership of the loans, the validity of the liens, the loan selection and origination process, and the compliance to the origination criteria established by the agencies. In the event of a breach of our representations and warranties, we may be obligated to repurchase the loans with identified defects or to indemnify the buyers. Our contractual obligation arises only when the breach of representations and warranties are discovered and repurchase is demanded. Historically, these sales had been primarily to government sponsored entities ("GSEs") and, as a result of the settlements discussed in further detail below, the repurchase exposure associated with these sales has been substantially resolved. In addition, with the conversion of our mortgage processing and servicing operations to PHH Mortgage in the second quarter of 2013, new agency eligible originations beginning with May 2013 applications are sold directly to PHH Mortgage and PHH Mortgage is responsible for origination representations and warranties for all loans purchased.

During the fourth quarter of 2013, we entered into a settlement with FNMA for $83 million which settled our liability for substantially all loans sold to FNMA between January 1, 2000 and June 26, 2012. The settlement resulted in a release of $15 million in repurchase reserves previously provided for this exposure. During the first quarter of 2014, we entered into a similar settlement with the FHLMC for $25 million, reflected in realized losses in the liability rollforward below, which settled our liability for substantially all loans sold to FHLMC from January 1, 2000 through 2013. As a result of the settlement and a re-assessment of the residual exposure, we released $34 million in repurchase reserves. We continue to maintain repurchase reserves for FNMA and FHLMC exposure associated with residual risk not covered by the settlement agreements.

 

The following table provides information about outstanding repurchase demands received from GSEs and other third parties at June 30, 2014 and  December 31, 2013:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

GSEs......................................................................................................................................................................

$

3



$

41


Others....................................................................................................................................................................

-



3


Total(1) ..................................................................................................................................................................

$

3



$

44


 


(1)        Includes repurchase demands on loans sourced from our legacy broker channel of $1 million and $26 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

In estimating our repurchase liability arising from breaches of representations and warranties, we consider historical losses on residual risks not covered by settlement agreements adjusted for any risk factors not captured in the historical losses.

The following table summarizes the change in our estimated repurchase liability for loans sold to the GSEs and other third parties during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 for obligations arising from the breach of representations and warranties associated with the sale of these loans:

 


Three Months Ended June 30,


Six Months Ended June 30,


2014



2013



2014



2013



(in millions)

Balance at beginning of period............................................................................................

$

36



$

211



$

99



$

219


Increase (decrease) in liability recorded through earnings..............................................

-



23



(34

)


36


Realized losses........................................................................................................................

(2

)


(17

)


(31

)


(38

)

Balance at end of period........................................................................................................

$

34



$

217



$

34



$

217


Our remaining mortgage repurchase liability of $34 million at June 30, 2014 represents our best estimate of the loss that has been incurred including interest, resulting from various representations and warranties in the contractual provisions of our mortgage loan sales adjusted for settlements reached with counterparties. Because the level of mortgage loan repurchase losses is dependent upon economic factors, investor demand strategies and other external risk factors such as housing market trends that may change, the level of the liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses requires significant judgment. We have seen recent changes in investor demand trends and continue to evaluate our methods of determining the best estimate of loss based on these recent trends. As these estimates are influenced by factors outside our control, there is uncertainty inherent in these estimates making it reasonably possible that they could change. The range of reasonably possible losses in excess of our recorded repurchase liability is between zero and $30 million at June 30, 2014. This estimated range of reasonably possible losses was determined based upon modifying the assumptions utilized in our best estimate of probable losses to reflect what we believe to be reasonably possible adverse assumptions. 

Written Put Options, Non Credit-Risk Related and Indemnity Arrangements

Liquidity asset purchase agreements  We provide liquidity facilities to Regency, a multi-seller ABCP conduit consolidated by our affiliate. Regency finances the purchase of individual assets by issuing commercial paper to third party investors. Each liquidity facility is transaction specific and has a maximum limit. Pursuant to the liquidity agreements, we are obligated, subject to certain limitations, to advance funds in an amount not to exceed the face value of the commercial paper in the event Regency is unable or unwilling to refinance its commercial paper. A liquidity asset purchase agreement is economically a conditional written put option issued to the conduit where the exercise price is the face value of the commercial paper. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we had issued $2,354 million and $2,560 million, respectively, of liquidity facilities to provide liquidity support to ABCP conduits. See Note 16, "Variable Interest Entities," for further information.

Clearinghouses and exchanges  We are a member of various exchanges and clearinghouses that trade and clear securities and/or derivatives contracts. Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, members of a clearinghouse may be required to contribute to a guaranty fund to backstop members' obligations to the clearinghouse. As a member, we may be required to pay a proportionate share of the financial obligations of another member who defaults on its obligations to the exchange or the clearinghouse. Our guarantee obligations would arise only if the exchange or clearinghouse had exhausted its resources. Any potential contingent liability under these membership agreements cannot be estimated.

 

Pledged Assets  Pledged assets included in the consolidated balance sheet consisted of the following:

 


June 30, 2014


December 31, 2013


(in millions)

Interest bearing deposits with banks...............................................................................................................

$

324



$

355


Trading assets(1)..................................................................................................................................................

3,051



1,296


Securities available-for-sale(2)............................................................................................................................

15,307



21,346


Securities held-to-maturity.................................................................................................................................

327



362


Loans(3) ................................................................................................................................................................

3,732



3,969


Other assets(4)......................................................................................................................................................

2,904



2,904


Total.......................................................................................................................................................................

$

25,645



$

30,232


 


(1)        Trading assets are primarily pledged against liabilities associated with repurchase agreements.

(2)        Securities available-for-sale are primarily pledged against derivatives, public fund deposits, trust deposits and various short-term and long term borrowings, as well as providing capacity for potential secured borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank and the Federal Reserve Bank.

(3)        Loans are primarily residential mortgage loans pledged against long-term borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank.

(4)        Other assets represent cash on deposit with non-banks related to derivative collateral support agreements.

Debt securities pledged as collateral that can be sold or repledged by the secured party continue to be reported on the consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of securities available-for-sale that can be sold or repledged was $5,342 million and $10,950 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The fair value of trading assets that can be sold or repledged was $3,051 million and $1,296 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

The fair value of collateral we accepted but not reported on the consolidated balance sheet that can be sold or repledged was $7,345 million and $4,187 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. This collateral was obtained under security resale agreements. Of this collateral, $3,522 million and $2,771 million has been sold or repledged as collateral under repurchase agreements or to cover short sales at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

Securitization Activity  In addition to the repurchase risk described above, we have also been involved as a sponsor/seller of loans used to facilitate whole loan securitizations underwritten by our affiliate, HSI. In this regard, we began acquiring residential mortgage loans in 2005 which were warehoused on our balance sheet with the intent of selling them to HSI to facilitate HSI's whole loan securitization program which was discontinued in 2007. During 2005-2007, we purchased and sold $24 billion of such loans to HSI which were subsequently securitized and sold by HSI to third parties. See "Mortgage Securitization Activity and Litigation" in Note 20, "Litigation and Regulatory Matters," for additional discussion of related exposure.

Offsetting of Resale and Repurchase Agreements and Securities Borrowing and Lending Agreements

We enter into purchases and borrowings of securities under agreements to resell (resale agreements) and sales of securities under agreements to repurchase (repurchase agreements) identical or substantially the same securities. Resale and repurchase agreements are generally accounted for as secured lending and secured borrowing transactions, respectively.

The amounts advanced under resale agreements and the amounts borrowed under repurchase agreements are carried on the consolidated balance sheets at the amount advanced or borrowed, plus accrued interest to date. Interest earned on resale agreements is reported as interest income. Interest paid on repurchase agreements is reported as interest expense. We offset resale and repurchase agreements executed with the same counterparty under legally enforceable netting agreements that meet the applicable netting criteria as permitted by generally accepted accounting principles.

Repurchase agreements may require us to deposit cash or other collateral with the lender. In connection with resale agreements, it is our policy to obtain possession of collateral, which may include the securities purchased, with market value in excess of the principal amount loaned. The market value of the collateral subject to the resale and repurchase agreements is regularly monitored, and additional collateral is obtained or provided when appropriate, to ensure appropriate collateral coverage of these secured financing transactions.

The following table provides information about repurchase agreements and resell agreements that are subject to offset as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 











Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet





Gross Amounts Recognized


Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet(1)


Net Amounts Presented in the Balance Sheet


Financial Instruments (2)


Cash Collateral Received / Pledged


Net Amount (3)


(in millions)

As of June 30, 2014:


















Assets:


















Securities purchased under agreements to resell............

$

7,745



5,434



2,311



2,311



-



$

-


Liabilities:


















Securities sold under repurchase agreements......

$

11,915



5,434



6,481



6,481



-



$

-




















As of December 31, 2013:


















Assets:


















Securities purchased under agreements to resell............

$

4,187



2,068



2,119



2,118



-



$

1


Liabilities:


















Securities sold under repurchase agreements......

$

14,989



2,068



12,921



12,913



-



$

8


 


(1)        Represents recognized amount of resale and repurchase agreements with counterparties subject to legally enforceable netting agreements that meet the applicable netting criteria as permitted by generally accepted accounting principles.

(2)        Represents securities received or pledged to cover financing transaction exposures.

(3)        Represents the amount of our exposure that is not collateralized / covered by pledged collateral.

 


18.     Fair Value Measurements

 


 

Accounting principles related to fair value measurements provide a framework for measuring fair value that focuses on the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal market (or in the absence of the principal market, the most advantageous market) accessible in an orderly transaction between willing market participants (the "Fair Value Framework"). Where required by the applicable accounting standards, assets and liabilities are measured at fair value using the "highest and best use" valuation premise. Fair value measurement guidance clarifies that financial instruments do not have alternative use and, as such, the fair value of financial instruments should be determined using an "in-exchange" valuation premise. However, the fair value measurement literature provides a valuation exception and permits an entity to measure the fair value of a group of financial assets and financial liabilities with offsetting credit risks and/or market risks based on the exit price it would receive or pay to transfer the net risk exposure of a group of assets or liabilities if certain conditions are met. We elected to apply the measurement exception to a group of derivative instruments with offsetting credit risks and market risks, which primarily relate to interest rate, foreign currency, debt and equity price risk, and commodity price risk as of the reporting date.

Fair Value Adjustments  The best evidence of fair value is quoted market price in an actively traded market, where available. In the event listed price or market quotes are not available, valuation techniques that incorporate relevant transaction data and market parameters reflecting the attributes of the asset or liability under consideration are applied. Where applicable, fair value adjustments are made to ensure the financial instruments are appropriately recorded at fair value. The fair value adjustments reflect the risks associated with the products, contractual terms of the transactions, and the liquidity of the markets in which the transactions occur. The fair value adjustments are broadly categorized by the following major types:

Credit risk adjustment - The credit risk adjustment is an adjustment to a group of financial assets and financial liabilities, predominantly derivative assets and derivative liabilities, to reflect the credit quality of the parties to the transaction in arriving at fair value. A credit valuation adjustment to a financial asset is required to reflect the default risk of the counterparty. A debit valuation adjustment to a financial liability is recorded to reflect the default risk of HUSI.

For derivative instruments, we calculate the credit risk adjustment by applying the probability of default of the counterparty to the expected exposure, and multiplying the result by the expected loss given default. We estimate the implied probability of default based on the credit spread of the specific counterparty observed in the credit default swap market. Where credit default spread of the counterparty is not available, we use the credit default spread of a specific proxy (e.g. the credit default swap spread of the counterparty's parent). Where specific proxy credit default swap is not available, we apply a blended approach based on a combination of credit default swaps referencing to credit names of similar credit standing and the historical rating-based probability of default.

Liquidity risk adjustment - The liquidity risk adjustment (primarily in the form of bid-offer adjustment) reflects the cost that would be incurred to close out the market risks by hedging, disposing or unwinding the position. Valuation models generally produce mid market values. The bid-offer adjustment is made in such a way that results in a measure that reflects the exit price that most represents the fair value of the financial asset or financial liability under consideration or, where applicable, the fair value of the net market risk exposure of a group of financial assets or financial liabilities. These adjustments relate primarily to Level 2 assets.

Model valuation adjustment - Where fair value measurements are determined using an internal valuation model based on observable and unobservable inputs, certain valuation inputs may be less readily determinable. There may be a range of possible valuation inputs that market participants may assume in determining the fair value measurement. The resultant fair value measurement has inherent measurement risk if one or more parameters are unobservable and must be estimated. An input valuation adjustment is necessary to reflect the likelihood that market participants may use different input parameters, and to mitigate the possibility of measurement error. In addition, the values derived from valuation techniques are affected by the choice of valuation model and model limitation. When different valuation techniques are available, the choice of valuation model can be subjective. Furthermore, the valuation model applied may have measurement limitations. In those cases, an additional valuation adjustment is also applied to mitigate the measurement risk. Model valuation adjustments are not material and relate primarily to Level 2 instruments.

We apply stress scenarios in determining appropriate liquidity risk and model risk adjustments for Level 3 fair values by reviewing the historical data for unobservable inputs (e.g., correlation, volatility). Some stress scenarios involve a 95 percent confidence interval (i.e., two standard deviations). Other stress scenarios may be performed using highly stressed historical inputs such as credit spreads experienced during a credit crisis. We also utilize unobservable parameter adjustments when instruments are valued using internally developed models which reflects the uncertainty in the value estimates provided by the model.

Fair Value Hierarchy  The Fair Value Framework establishes a three-tiered fair value hierarchy as follows:

Level 1 quoted market price - Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 valuation technique using observable inputs - Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are inactive, and measurements determined using valuation models where all significant inputs are observable, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3 valuation technique with significant unobservable inputs - Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability and include situations where fair values are measured using valuation techniques based on one or more significant unobservable input.

Classification within the fair value hierarchy is based on whether the lowest hierarchical level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is observable. As such, the classification within the fair value hierarchy is dynamic and can be transferred to other hierarchy levels in each reporting period. Transfers between leveling categories are assessed, determined and recognized at the end of each reporting period.

Valuation Control Framework We have established a control framework which is designed to ensure that fair values are either determined or validated by a function independent of the risk-taker. To that end, the ultimate responsibility for the determination of fair values rests with Finance. Finance has established an independent price validation process to ensure that the assets and liabilities measured at fair value are properly stated.

A valuation committee, chaired by the Head of Business Finance of Global Banking and Markets, meets monthly to review, monitor and discuss significant valuation matters arising from credit and market risks. The committee is responsible for establishing valuation policies and procedures, approving the internal valuation techniques and models developed by the Quantitative Risk and Valuation Group ("QRVG"), reviewing and approving valuation adjustments pertaining to, among other things, unobservable inputs, market liquidity, selection of valuation model and counterparty credit risk. Significant valuation risks identified in business activities are corroborated and addressed by the committee members and, where applicable, are escalated to the Chief Financial Officer of HUSI and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

Where fair value measurements are determined based on information obtained from independent pricing services or brokers, Finance applies appropriate validation procedures to substantiate fair value. For price validation purposes, quotations from at least two independent pricing sources are obtained for each financial instrument, where possible.

The following factors are considered in determining fair values:

▪      similarities between the asset or the liability under consideration and the asset or liability for which quotation is received;

▪      collaboration of pricing by referencing to other independent market data such as market transactions and relevant benchmark indices;

▪      consistency among different pricing sources;

▪      the valuation approach and the methodologies used by the independent pricing sources in determining fair value;

▪      the elapsed time between the date to which the market data relates and the measurement date;

▪      the source of the fair value information; and

▪      whether the security is traded in an active or inactive market.

Greater weight is given to quotations of instruments with recent market transactions, pricing quotes from dealers who stand ready to transact, quotations provided by market-makers who structured such instrument and market consensus pricing based on inputs from a large number of survey participants. Any significant discrepancies among the external quotations are reviewed and adjustments to fair values are recorded where appropriate. Where the transaction volume of a specific instrument has been reduced and the fair value measurement becomes less transparent, Finance will apply more detailed procedures to understand and challenge the appropriateness of the unobservable inputs and the valuation techniques used by the independent pricing service. Where applicable, Finance will develop a fair value estimate using its own pricing model inputs to test reasonableness. Where fair value measurements are determined using internal valuation models, Finance will validate the fair value measurement by either developing unobservable inputs based on the industry consensus pricing surveys in which we participate or back testing by observing the actual settlements occurring soon after the measurement date. Any significant valuation adjustments are reported to and discussed with the valuation committee.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments  The fair value estimates, methods and assumptions set forth below for our financial instruments, including those financial instruments carried at cost, are made solely to comply with disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included in this quarterly report.

The following table summarizes the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 

June 30, 2014

Carrying

Value


Fair

Value


Level 1


Level 2


Level 3


(in millions)

Financial assets:















Short-term financial assets..................................................................

$

26,335



$

26,335



$

2,325



$

23,946



$

64


Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements............................................................................................

2,311



2,311



-



2,311



-


Non-derivative trading assets............................................................

20,802



20,802



2,717



15,006



3,079


Derivatives............................................................................................

5,882



5,882



10



5,828



44


Securities...............................................................................................

46,081



46,150



27,924



18,226



-


Commercial loans, net of allowance for credit losses.....................

52,650



54,210



-



-



54,210


Commercial loans designated under fair value option and held for sale....................................................................................................

159



159



-



159



-


Commercial loans held for sale...........................................................

237



237



-



237



-


Consumer loans, net of allowance for credit losses........................

18,924



16,732



-



-



16,732


Consumer loans held for sale:















Residential mortgages....................................................................

38



38



-



14



24


Other consumer...............................................................................

66



66



-



-



66


Financial liabilities:















Short-term financial liabilities.............................................................

$

12,987



$

12,987



$

-



$

12,924



$

63


Deposits:















Without fixed maturities.................................................................

105,977



105,977



-



105,977



-


Fixed maturities................................................................................

1,830



1,834



-



1,834



-


Deposits designated under fair value option...................................

7,714



7,714



-



5,457



2,257


Non-derivative trading liabilities........................................................

3,808



3,808



656



3,152



-


Derivatives............................................................................................

5,747



5,747



14



5,715



18


Long-term debt.....................................................................................

16,341



17,022



-



17,022



-


Long-term debt designated under fair value option.......................

8,263



8,263



-



7,525



738


 

December 31, 2013

Carrying

Value


Fair

Value


Level 1


Level 2


Level 3


(in millions)

Financial assets:















Short-term financial assets..................................................................

$

20,626



$

20,626



$

961



$

19,614



$

51


Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements............................................................................................

2,119



2,119



-



2,119



-


Non-derivative trading assets............................................................

22,903



22,903



1,344



18,924



2,635


Derivatives............................................................................................

7,569



7,569



26



7,467



76


Securities...............................................................................................

56,368



56,405



39,553



16,852



-


Commercial loans, net of allowance for credit losses.....................

48,186



49,897



-



-



49,897


Commercial loans designated under fair value option and held for sale....................................................................................................

58



58



-



58



-


Commercial loans held for sale...........................................................

18



18



-



18



-


Consumer loans, net of allowance for credit losses........................

18,903



16,051



-



-



16,051


Consumer loans held for sale:















Residential mortgages....................................................................

91



92



-



36



56


Other consumer...............................................................................

63



63



-



-



63


Financial liabilities:















Short-term financial liabilities.............................................................

$

19,205



$

19,205



$

-



$

19,154



$

51


Deposits:















Without fixed maturities.................................................................

102,584



102,584



-



102,584



-


Fixed maturities................................................................................

2,284



2,289



-



2,289



-


Deposits designated under fair value option...................................

7,740



7,740



-



5,406



2,334


Non-derivative trading liabilities........................................................

4,134



4,134



308



3,826



-


Derivatives............................................................................................

7,348



7,348



5



7,294



49


Long-term debt.....................................................................................

15,261



15,729



-



15,729



-


Long-term debt designated under fair value option.......................

7,586



7,586



-



6,686



900


Loan values presented in the table above were determined using the Fair Value Framework for measuring fair value, which is based on our best estimate of the amount within a range of value we believe would be received in a sale as of the balance sheet date (i.e. exit price). The secondary market demand and estimated value for our residential mortgage loans has been heavily influenced by the challenging economic conditions during the past several years, including house price depreciation, elevated unemployment, changes in consumer behavior, changes in discount rates and the lack of financing options available to support the purchase of receivables. For certain consumer loans, investors incorporate numerous assumptions in predicting cash flows, such as future interest rates, higher charge-off levels, slower voluntary prepayment speeds, different default and loss curves and estimated collateral values than we, as the servicer of these loans, believe will ultimately be the case. The investor's valuation process reflects this difference in overall cost of capital assumptions as well as the potential volatility in the underlying cash flow assumptions, the combination of which may yield a significant pricing discount from our intrinsic value. The estimated fair values at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 reflect these market conditions. The increase in the relative fair value of our residential mortgage loans during 2014 is largely due to improved conditions in the housing industry driven by increased property values and, to a lesser extent, lower required market yields and increased investor demand for these types of receivables.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis  The following table presents information about our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized to determine such fair value:

 

 


Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

June 30, 2014

Level 1


Level 2


Level 3


Gross

Balance


Netting(1)


Net

Balance


(in millions)

Assets:


















Trading Securities, excluding derivatives:


















U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises......................................................................................................

$

2,717



$

135



$

-



$

2,852



$

-



$

2,852


Obligations of U.S. States and political subdivisions........................

-



27



-



27



-



27


Collateralized debt obligations........................................................

-



-



260



260



-



260


Asset-backed securities:


















Residential mortgages...............................................................

-



153



-



153



-



153


Student Loans...........................................................................

-



81



-



81



-



81


Corporate and other domestic debt securities..................................

-



-



2,819



2,819



-



2,819


Debt Securities issued by foreign entities:


















Corporate.................................................................................

-



77



-



77



-



77


Government-backed..................................................................

-



4,035



-



4,035



-



4,035


Equity securities.............................................................................

-



21



-



21



-



21


Precious metals trading..................................................................

-



10,477



-



10,477



-



10,477


Derivatives(2):


















Interest rate contracts....................................................................

97



52,969



1



53,067



-



53,067


Foreign exchange contracts............................................................

29



12,731



16



12,776



-



12,776


Equity contracts.............................................................................

-



2,062



165



2,227



-



2,227


Precious metals contracts...............................................................

2



644



-



646



-



646


Credit contracts.............................................................................

-



3,460



356



3,816



-



3,816


Derivatives netting........................................................................

-



-



-



-



(66,650

)


(66,650

)

Total derivatives...............................................................................

128



71,866



538



72,532



(66,650

)


5,882


Securities available-for-sale:


















U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises......................................................................................................

27,914



11,186



-



39,100



-



39,100


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions........................

-



730



-



730



-



730


Asset-backed securities:


















Residential mortgages...............................................................

-



1



-



1



-



1


Commercial mortgages.............................................................

-



86



-



86



-



86


Home equity.............................................................................

-



94



-



94



-



94


Other........................................................................................

-



94



-



94



-



94


Debt Securities issued by foreign entities:


















Corporate.................................................................................

-



869



-



869



-



869


Government-backed..................................................................

10



3,628



-



3,638



-



3,638


Equity securities.............................................................................

-



166



-



166



-



166


Loans(3).............................................................................................

-



159



-



159



-



159


Mortgage servicing rights(4)...............................................................

-



-



186



186



-



186


Total assets............................................................................

$

30,769



$

103,885



$

3,803



$

138,457



$

(66,650

)


$

71,807


Liabilities:


















Deposits in domestic offices(5)...........................................................

$

-



$

5,457



$

2,257



$

7,714



$

-



$

7,714


Trading liabilities, excluding derivatives............................................

656



3,152



-



3,808



-



3,808


Derivatives(2):


















Interest rate contracts....................................................................

37



53,651



1



53,689



-



53,689


Foreign exchange contracts............................................................

-



11,606



16



11,622



-



11,622


Equity contracts.............................................................................

-



1,414



106



1,520



-



1,520


Precious metals contracts...............................................................

138



656



-



794



-



794


Credit contracts.............................................................................

-



3,822



99



3,921



-



3,921


Derivatives netting........................................................................

-



-



-



-



(65,799

)


(65,799

)

Total derivatives...............................................................................

175



71,149



222



71,546



(65,799

)


5,747


Long-term debt(6)..............................................................................

-



7,525



738



8,263



-



8,263


Total liabilities.......................................................................

$

831



$

87,283



$

3,217



$

91,331



$

(65,799

)


$

25,532


 


Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

December 31, 2013

Level 1


Level 2


Level 3


Gross

Balance


Netting(1)


Net

Balance


(in millions)

Assets:


















Trading Securities, excluding derivatives:


















U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises......................................................................................................

$

1,344



$

178



$

-



$

1,522



$

-



$

1,522


Obligations of U. S. States and political subdivisions.......................

-



25



-



25



-



25


Collateralized debt obligations........................................................

-



-



254



254



-



254


Asset-backed securities:


















Residential mortgages...............................................................

-



159



-



159



-



159


Student loans............................................................................

-



68



-



68



-



68


Corporate and other domestic debt securities..................................

-



-



2,260



2,260



-



2,260


Debt Securities issued by foreign entities:


















Corporate.................................................................................

-



495



-



495



-



495


Government-backed..................................................................

-



6,223



121



6,344



-



6,344


Equity securities.............................................................................

-



25



-



25



-



25


Precious metals trading..................................................................

-



11,751



-



11,751



-



11,751


Derivatives(2):


















Interest rate contracts....................................................................

81



56,095



1



56,177



-



56,177


Foreign exchange contracts............................................................

7



15,291



131



15,429



-



15,429


Equity contracts.............................................................................

-



2,042



160



2,202



-



2,202


Precious metals contracts...............................................................

182



1,400



1



1,583



-



1,583


Credit contracts.............................................................................

-



4,152



512



4,664



-



4,664


Derivatives netting........................................................................

-



-



-



-



(72,486

)


(72,486

)

Total derivatives...............................................................................

270



78,980



805



80,055



(72,486

)


7,569


Securities available-for-sale:


















U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises......................................................................................................

39,513



9,439



-



48,952



-



48,952


Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions........................

-



742



-



742



-



742


Asset-backed securities:


















Residential mortgages...............................................................

-



1



-



1



-



1


Commercial mortgages.............................................................

-



126



-



126



-



126


Home equity.............................................................................

-



227



-



227



-



227


Other........................................................................................

-



94



-



94



-



94


Corporate and other domestic debt securities..................................

-



-



-



-



-



-


Debt Securities issued by foreign entities:


















Corporate.................................................................................

-



881



-



881



-



881


Government-backed..................................................................

40



3,681



-



3,721



-



3,721


Equity securities.............................................................................

-



162



-



162



-



162


Loans(3).............................................................................................

-



58



-



58



-



58


Mortgage servicing rights(4)...............................................................

-



-



227



227



-



227


Total assets............................................................................

$

41,167



$

113,315



$

3,667



$

158,149



$

(72,486

)


$

85,663


Liabilities:


















Deposits in domestic offices(5)...........................................................

$

-



$

5,406



$

2,334



$

7,740



$

-



$

7,740


Trading liabilities, excluding derivatives............................................

308



3,826



-



4,134



-



4,134


Derivatives(2):


















Interest rate contracts....................................................................

34



56,282



-



56,316



-



56,316


Foreign exchange contracts............................................................

16



14,576



36



14,628



-



14,628


Equity contracts.............................................................................

-



1,403



157



1,560



-



1,560


Precious metals contracts...............................................................

7



847



3



857



-



857


Credit contracts.............................................................................

-



4,398



321



4,719



-



4,719


Derivatives netting........................................................................

-



-



-



-



(70,732

)


(70,732

)

Total derivatives...............................................................................

57



77,506



517



78,080



(70,732

)


7,348


Long-term debt(6)..............................................................................

-



6,686



900



7,586



-



7,586


Total liabilities.......................................................................

$

365



$

93,424



$

3,751



$

97,540



$

(70,732

)


$

26,808


 


(1)        Represents counterparty and cash collateral netting which allow the offsetting of amounts relating to certain contracts if certain conditions are met.

(2)        Includes trading derivative assets of $4,354 million and $5,991 million and trading derivative liabilities of $5,007 million and $6,741 million as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, as well as derivatives held for hedging and commitments accounted for as derivatives.

(3)        Includes certain commercial loans held for sale which we have elected to apply the fair value option. See Note 6, "Loans Held for Sale," for further information.

(4)        See Note 7, "Intangible Assets," for additional information.

(5)        Represents structured deposits risk-managed on a fair value basis for which we have elected to apply the fair value option.

(6)        Includes structured notes and own debt issuances which we have elected to measure on a fair value basis.

Transfers between leveling categories are recognized at the end of each reporting period.

Transfers between Levels 1 and 2 Measurements  There were no transfers between Levels 1 and 2 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.

Information on Level 3 assets and liabilities  The following table summarizes additional information about changes in the fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013. As a risk management practice, we may risk manage the Level 3 assets and liabilities, in whole or in part, using securities and derivative positions that are classified as Level 1 or Level 2 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. Since those Level 1 and Level 2 risk management positions are not included in the table below, the information provided does not reflect the effect of such risk management activities related to the Level 3 assets and liabilities.

 


Apr.  1,
2014


Total Gains and    (Losses) Included in(1)


Purch-
ases


Issu-
ances


Settle-

ments


Transfers
Into Level 3


Transfers
Out of Level 3


Jun. 30,
2014


Current
Period Unrealized Gains (Losses)


Trading
Revenue (Loss)


Other
Revenue



(in millions)

Assets:






























Trading assets, excluding derivatives:






























Collateralized debt obligations.......................

$

258



$

7



$

-



$

-



$

-



$

(5

)


$

-



$

-



$

260



$

7


Corporate and other domestic debt securities..

2,808



-



-



11



-



-



-



-



2,819



-


Corporate debt securities issued by foreign entities............

-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-


Government debt securities issued by foreign entities

117



3



-



-



-



(1

)


-



(119

)


-



-


Equity securities.........

-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-


Derivatives, net(2):






























Interest rate contracts.........

1



-



(1

)


-



-



-



-



-



-



-


Foreign exchange contracts.........

96



8



-



-



-



(6

)


-



(98

)


-



4


Equity contracts.........

24



66



-



-



-



(29

)


2



(4

)


59



41


Precious metals contracts.........

-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-


Credit contracts.......................

181



(41

)


-



-



-



3



-



114



257



(42

)

Mortgage servicing rights(4)

205



-



(12

)


-



-



(7

)


-



-



186



(12

)

Total assets........

$

3,690



$

43



$

(13

)


$

11



$

-



$

(45

)


$

2



$

(107

)


$

3,581



$

(2

)

Liabilities:






























Deposits in domestic offices.

$

(2,244

)


$

(85

)


$

-



$

-



$

(135

)


$

130



$

(27

)


$

104



(2,257

)


$

(34

)

Long-term debt..

(732

)


4



-



-



(110

)


73



-



27



(738

)


(22

)

Total liabilities...

$

(2,976

)


$

(81

)


$

-



$

-



$

(245

)


$

203



$

(27

)


$

131



$

(2,995

)


$

(56

)

 

 

 



Jan. 1,

2014


Total Gains and    (Losses) Included in(1)


Purch-

ases


Issu-

ances


Settle-

ments


Transfers

Into

Level 3


Transfers

Out of

Level 3


Jun. 30,

2014


Current

Period

Unrealized

Gains

(Losses)


Trading

Revenue

(Loss)


Other

Revenue



(in millions)

Assets:






























Trading assets, excluding derivatives:






























Collateralized debt obligations

$

254



$

14



$

-



$

-



$

-



$

(8

)


$

-



$

-



$

260



$

14


Corporate and other domestic debt securities..

2,260



(5

)


-



564



-



-



-



-



2,819



(6

)

Corporate debt securities issued by foreign entities............

-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-


Government debt securities issued by foreign entities

121



5



-



-



-



(7

)


-



(119

)


-



-


Equity securities........................

-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-


Derivatives, net(2):






























Interest rate contracts.........

1



-



(1

)


-



-



-



-



-



-



(1

)

Foreign exchange contracts.........

95



10



-



-



-



(12

)


-



(93

)


-



5


Equity contracts.........

3



86



-



-



-



(36

)


6



-



59



49


Precious metals contracts.........

(2

)


2



-



-



-



-



-



-



-



-


Credit contracts........................

191



(55

)


-



-



-



7



-



114



257



(98

)

Mortgage servicing rights(4)

227



-



(24

)


-



-



(17

)


-



-



186



(24

)

Total assets........

$

3,150



$

57



$

(25

)


$

564



$

-



$

(73

)


$

6



$

(98

)


$

3,581



$

(61

)

Liabilities:






























Deposits in domestic offices.

$

(2,334

)


$

(210

)


$

-



$

-



$

(160

)


$

298



$

(95

)


$

244



(2,257

)


$

(51

)

Long-term debt..

(900

)


97



-



-



(153

)


120



-



98



(738

)


(23

)

Total liabilities...

$

(3,234

)


$

(113

)


$

-



$

-



$

(313

)


$

418



$

(95

)


$

342



$

(2,995

)


$

(74

)

 

 


Apr.  1,
2013


Total Gains and    (Losses) Included in(1)


Purch-
ases


Issu-
ances


Settle-
ments


Transfers
Into Level 3


Transfers
Out of Level 3


Jun. 30,
2013


Current
Period Unrealized Gains (Losses)


Trading
Revenue (Loss)


Other
Revenue



(in millions)

Assets:






























Trading assets, excluding derivatives:






























Collateralized debt obligations

$

481



$

83



$

-



$

216



$

-



$

(553

)


$

-



$

-



$

227



$

56


Corporate and other domestic debt securities..

1,524



21



-



16



-



(63

)


-



-



1,498



21


Corporate debt securities issued by foreign entities............

294



(9

)


-



-



-



-



-



-



285



(9

)

Government debt securities issued by foreign entities

143



(7

)


-



-



-



(1

)


-



-



135



(9

)

Equity securities........................

11



(7

)


-



-



-



(4

)


-



-



-



(7

)

Derivatives, net(2):






























Interest rate contracts.........

6



(1

)


(6

)


-



-



-



-



-



(1

)


(7

)

Foreign exchange contracts.........

134



(18

)


-



-



-



(6

)


(6

)


-



104



(28

)

Equity contracts.........

34



(81

)


-



-



-



(27

)


6



(15

)


(83

)


(92

)

Credit contracts........................

364



(105

)


-



-



-



(34

)


-



-



225



(82

)

Mortgage servicing rights(4)

190



-



30



-



5



-



-



-



225



30


Total assets........

$

3,181



$

(124

)


$

24



$

232



$

5



$

(688

)


$

-



$

(15

)


$

2,615



$

(127

)

Liabilities:






























Deposits in domestic offices.

$

(2,876

)


$

411



$

-



$

-



$

(81

)


$

110



$

(177

)


$

165



(2,448

)


$

432


Long-term debt..

(618

)


(242

)


-



-



(59

)


68



-



179



(672

)


(239

)

Total liabilities...

$

(3,494

)


$

169



$

-



$

-



$

(140

)


$

178



$

(177

)


$

344



$

(3,120

)


$

193


 

 


Jan. 1,

2013


Total Gains and              (Losses) Included in(1)


Purch-

ases


Issu-

ances


Settle-

ments


Transfers

Into

Level 3


Transfers

Out of

Level 3


Jun. 30,

2013


Current

Period

Unrealized

Gains

(Losses)


Trading

Revenue

(Loss)


Other

Revenue



(in millions)

Assets:






























Trading assets, excluding derivatives:






























Collateralized debt obligations....

$

466



$

118



$

-



$

237



$

-



$

(594

)


$

-



$

-



$

227



$

87


Corporate and other domestic debt securities......

1,861



28



-



31



-



(422

)


-



-



1,498



24


Corporate debt securities issued by foreign entities.........

299



(14

)


-



-



-



-



-



-



285



(14

)

Government debt securities issued by foreign entities.........

311



15



-



-



-



(191

)


-



-



135



10


Equity securities......

9



(5

)


-



-



-



(4

)


-



-



-



(5

)

Derivatives, net(2):






























Interest rate contracts......

7



(1

)


(7

)


-



-



-



-



-



(1

)


(8

)

Foreign exchange contracts......

5



(4

)


-



-



-



116



(13

)


-



104



106


Equity contracts......

(7

)


(20

)


-



-



-



(48

)


13



(21

)


(83

)


(73

)

Credit contracts......

571



(155

)


-



-



-



(145

)


(46

)


-



225



(274

)

Mortgage servicing rights(4)............

168



-



46



-



11



-



-



-



225



51


Total assets.....

$

3,690



$

(38

)


$

39



$

268



$

11



$

(1,288

)


$

(46

)


$

(21

)


$

2,615



$

(96

)

Liabilities:






























Deposits in domestic offices.............

$

(2,636

)


$

370



$

-



$

-



$

(485

)


$

219



$

(160

)


$

244



(2,448

)


$

406


Long-term debt.......................

(429

)


(273

)


-



-



(270

)


119



-



181



(672

)


(250

)

Total liabilities

$

(3,065

)


$

97



$

-



$

-



$

(755

)


$

338



$

(160

)


$

425



$

(3,120

)


$

156


 


(1)        Includes realized and unrealized gains and losses.

(2)        Level 3 net derivatives included derivative assets of $538 million and derivative liabilities of $222 million as of June 30, 2014 and derivative assets of $985 million and derivative liabilities of $740 million as of June 30, 2013.

(3)        See Note 7, "Intangible Assets," for additional information.

The following table presents quantitative information about the unobservable inputs used to determine the recurring fair value measurement of assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 fair value measurements as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 

June 30, 2014

Financial Instrument Type


Fair Value (in millions)


Valuation Technique(s)


Significant Unobservable Inputs


Range of Inputs

Collateralized debt obligations.........


260



Broker quotes or consensus pricing and, where applicable, discounted cash flows


Prepayment rates


1% - 5%








Conditional default rates


6% - 7%








Loss severity rates


90% - 91%

Corporate and other domestic debt securities.........................................


2,819



Discounted cash flows


Spread volatility on collateral assets


1% - 3%








Correlation between insurance claim shortfall and collateral value


80%

Interest rate derivative contracts.....


-



Market comparable adjusted for probability to fund


Probability to fund for rate lock commitments


5% - 97%

Foreign exchange derivative contracts(1)......................................


-



Option pricing model


Implied volatility of currency pairs


8% - 14%

Equity derivative contracts(1)...........


59



Option pricing model


Equity / Equity Index volatility


9% - 41%








Equity / Equity and Equity / Index correlation


47% - 60%

Credit derivative contracts..............


257



Option pricing model


Correlation of defaults of a portfolio of reference credit names


49% - 56%








Issuer by issuer correlation of defaults


83% - 95%

Mortgage servicing rights................


186



Option adjusted discounted cash flows


Constant prepayment rates


8% - 46%








Option adjusted spread


8% - 19%








Estimated annualized costs to service


$91 - $333 per account

Deposits in domestic offices (structured deposits)(1)(2)...................


(2,257

)


Option adjusted discounted cash flows


Implied volatility of currency pairs


8% - 14%








Equity / Equity Index volatility


9% - 41%








Equity / Equity and Equity / Index correlation


47% - 60%

Long-term debt (structured notes)(1)(2)........................................


(738

)


Option adjusted discounted cash flows


Implied volatility of currency pairs


8% - 14%








Equity / Equity Index volatility


9% - 41%








Equity / Equity and Equity / Index correlation


47% - 60%

 

December 31, 2013

Financial Instrument Type


Fair Value (in millions)


Valuation Technique(s)


Significant Unobservable Inputs


Range of Inputs

Collateralized debt obligations.........


254



Broker quotes or consensus pricing and, where applicable, discounted cash flows


Prepayment rates


0% - 5%








Conditional default rates


5% - 7%








Loss severity rates


90% - 100%

Corporate and other domestic debt securities.........................................


2,260



Discounted cash flows


Spread volatility on collateral assets


1% - 3%








Correlation between insurance claim shortfall and collateral value


80%

Corporate and government debt securities issued by foreign entities...


121



Discounted cash flows


Correlations of default among a portfolio of credit names of embedded credit derivatives


36% - 63%

Interest rate derivative contracts.....


1



Market comparable adjusted for probability to fund


Probability to fund for rate lock commitments


10% - 99%

Foreign exchange derivative contracts(1)......................................


95



Option pricing model


Implied volatility of currency pairs


11% - 16%

Equity derivative contracts(1)...........


3



Option pricing model


Equity / Equity Index volatility


6% - 69%








Equity / Equity and Equity / Index correlation


50% - 58%

Credit derivative contracts..............


191



Option pricing model


Correlation of defaults of a portfolio of reference credit names


46% - 54%








Industry by industry correlation of defaults


83% - 95%

Mortgage servicing rights................


227



Option adjusted discounted cash flows


Constant prepayment rates


5% - 22%








Option adjusted spread


8% - 19%








Estimated annualized costs to service


$91 - $333 per account

Deposits in domestic offices (structured deposits)(1)(2)...................


(2,334

)


Option adjusted discounted cash flows


Implied volatility of currency pairs


11% - 16%








Equity / Equity Index volatility


6% - 69%








Equity / Equity and Equity / Index correlation


50% - 58%

Long-term debt (structured notes)(1)(2)........................................


(900

)


Option adjusted discounted cash flows


Implied volatility of currency pairs


11% - 16%








Equity / Equity Index volatility


6% - 69%








Equity / Equity and Equity / Index correlation


50% - 58%

 


(1)       We are the client-facing entity and we enter into identical but opposite derivatives to transfer the resultant risks to our affiliates. With the exception of counterparty credit risks, we are market neutral. The corresponding intra-group derivatives are presented as equity derivatives and foreign exchange derivatives in the table.

(2)       Structured deposits and structured notes contain embedded derivative features whose fair value measurements contain significant Level 3 inputs.

Significant Unobservable Inputs for Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs)

▪      Prepayment rate - The rate at which borrowers pay off the mortgage loans early. The prepayment rate is affected by a number of factors including the location of the mortgage collateral, the interest rate type of the mortgage loans, borrowers' credit and sensitivity to interest rate movement. The prepayment rate of our CDOs portfolio is tilted towards the low end of the range.

▪      Default rate - Annualized percentage of default rate over a group of collateral such as residential or commercial mortgage loans. The default rate and loss severity rate are positively correlated. The default rate of our portfolio is close to the mid point of the range.

▪      Loss Severity Rate - Included in our Level 3 CDOs portfolio are collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) and trust preferred securities which are about equally distributed. The loss severity rate for trust preferred securities as of June 30, 2014 is about 1.8 times that of CLOs.

Derivatives

▪      Correlation of Default - The default correlation of a group of credit exposures measures the likelihood that the credit references within a group will default together. The default correlation is a significant input to structured credit products such as nth-to-default swaps. In addition, the correlation between the currency and the default risk of the reference credits is a critical input to a foreign currency denominated credit default swap where the correlation is not observable.

▪      Implied volatility - The implied volatility is a significant pricing input for freestanding or embedded options including equity, foreign currency and interest rate options. The level of volatility is a function of the nature of the underlying risk, the level of strike price and the years to maturity of the option. Depending on the underlying risk and tenure, we determine the implied volatility based on observable input where information is available. However, substantially all of the implied volatilities are derived based on historical information. The implied volatility for different foreign currency pairs is between 8 percent and 14 percent while the implied volatility for equity/equity or equity/equity index is between 9 percent and 41 percent, respectively at June 30, 2014. Although implied foreign currency volatility and equity volatility appear to be widely distributed at the portfolio level, the deviation of implied volatility on a trade-by-trade basis is narrower. The average deviation of implied volatility for the foreign currency pair and at-the-money equity option are 3 percent and 5 percent, respectively at June 30, 2014.

▪      Correlations of a group of foreign currency or equity - Correlation measures the relative change in values among two or more variables (i.e., equity or foreign currency pair). Variables can be positively or negatively correlated. Correlation is a key input in determining the fair value of a derivative referenced to a basket of variables such as equities or foreign currencies. A majority of the correlations are not observable, but are derived based on historical data. The correlation between equity/equity and equity/equity index was between 47 percent and 60 percent at June 30, 2014.

Sensitivity of Level 3 Inputs to Fair Value Measurements

Collateralized Debt Obligations - Probability of default, prepayment speed and loss severity rate are significant unobservable inputs. Significant increase (decrease) in these inputs will result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement of a collateralized debt obligation. A change in assumption for default probability is often accompanied by a directionally similar change in loss severity, and a directionally opposite change in prepayment speed.

Corporate and Domestic Debt Securities - The fair value measurements of certain corporate debt securities are affected by the fair value of the underlying portfolios of investments used as collateral and the make-whole guarantee provided by third party guarantors. The probability that the collateral fair value declines below the collateral call threshold concurrent with the guarantors failure to perform its make whole obligation is unobservable. The increase (decrease) in the probability the collateral value falls below the collateral call threshold is often accompanied by a directionally similar change in default probability of the guarantor.

Credit derivatives - Correlation of default among a basket of reference credit names is a significant unobservable input if the credit attributes of the portfolio are not within the parameters of relevant standardized CDS indices. Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input will result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement of the credit derivative. A change in assumption for default correlation is often accompanied by a directionally similar change in default probability and loss rates of other credit names in the basket.

Equity and foreign exchange derivatives- The fair value measurement of a structured equity or foreign exchange derivative is primarily affected by the implied volatility of the underlying equity price or exchange rate of the paired foreign currencies. The implied volatility is not observable. Significant increase (decrease) in the implied volatility will result in a higher (lower) fair value of a long position in the derivative contract.

Significant Transfers Into and Out of Level 3 Measurements  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we transferred $104 million and $244 million, respectively, of deposits in domestic offices and $27 million and $98 million, respectively, of long-term debt, which we have elected to carry at fair value, from Level 3 to Level 2 as a result of the embedded derivative no longer being unobservable as the derivative option is closer to maturity and there is more observability in short term volatility. During the second quarter of 2014, we transferred $119 million of government debt securities issued by foreign governments from Level 3 to Level 2 due to the availability of inputs in the market including independent pricing service valuations. Additionally, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we transferred $27 million and $95 million, respectively, of deposits in domestic offices, which we have elected to carry at fair value, from Level 2 to Level 3 as a result of a change in the observability of underlying instruments that resulted in the embedded derivative being unobservable.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, we transferred $165 million and $244 million, respectively, of deposits in domestic offices and $179 million and $181 million, respectively, of long-term debt, which we have elected to carry at fair value, from Level 3 to Level 2 as a result of the embedded derivative no longer being unobservable as the derivative option is closer in maturity and there is more observability in short term volatility. Additionally, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013,  we transferred $177 million and $160 million, respectively, of deposits in domestic offices, which we have elected to carry at fair value, from Level 2 to Level 3 as a result of a change in the observability of underlying instruments that resulted in the embedded derivative being unobservable.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis  Certain financial and non-financial assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and therefore, are not included in the tables above. These assets include (a) mortgage and commercial loans classified as held for sale reported at the lower of amortized cost or fair value and (b) impaired loans or assets that are written down to fair value based on the valuation of underlying collateral during the period. These instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustment in certain circumstances (e.g., impairment). The following table presents the fair value hierarchy level within which the fair value of the financial and non-financial assets has been recorded as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The gains (losses) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 are also included.

 


Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

as of June 30, 2014


Total Gains (Losses)

For the Three Months Ended  June 30, 2014


Total Gains (Losses)

For the Six Months Ended

June 30, 2014


Level 1


Level 2


Level 3


Total


(in millions)

Residential mortgage loans held for sale(1).........................................................................

$

-



$

2



$

24



$

26



$

(2

)


$

1


Impaired commercial loans(2).......................

-



-



24



24



(4

)


3


Consumer loans(3).........................................

-



107



-



107



(9

)


(23

)

Real estate owned(4).....................................

21



-



-



21



(3

)


(2

)

Commercial loans held for sale(5)................

-



43



-



43



(7

)


(7

)

Total assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis..............................................

$

21



$

152



$

48



$

221



$

(25

)


$

(28

)

 


Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

as of December 31, 2013


Total Gains (Losses)

For the Three Months Ended  June 30, 2013


Total Gains (Losses)

For the Six Months Ended

June 30, 2013


Level 1


Level 2


Level 3


Total


(in millions)

Residential mortgage loans held for sale(1).........................................................................

$

-



$

9



$

56



$

65



$

-



$

3


Impaired commercial loans(2).......................

-



-



108



108



(1

)


(2

)

Consumer loans(3).........................................

-



492



-



492



(23

)


(51

)

Real estate owned(4).....................................

20



-



-



20



-



2


Total assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis..............................................

$

20



$

501



$

164



$

685



$

(24

)


$

(48

)

 


(1)        As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the fair value of the loans held for sale was below cost. Certain residential mortgage loans held for sale have been classified as a Level 3 fair value measurement within the fair value hierarchy as the underlying real estate properties which determine fair value are illiquid assets as a result of market conditions and significant inputs in estimating fair value were unobservable. Additionally, the fair value of these properties is affected by, among other things, the location, the payment history and the completeness of the loan documentation.

(2)        Certain commercial loans have undergone troubled debt restructurings and are considered impaired. As a matter of practical expedient, we measure the credit impairment of a collateral-dependent loan based on the fair value of the collateral asset. The collateral often involves real estate properties that are illiquid due to market conditions. As a result, these loans are classified as a Level 3 fair value measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

(3)        Represents residential mortgage loans held for investment whose carrying amount was reduced during the periods presented based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.

(4)        Real estate owned is required to be reported on the balance sheet net of transactions costs. The real estate owned amounts in the table above reflect the fair value unadjusted for transaction costs.

(5)        Represents certain commercial loans that have been transferred to the held for sale portfolio.

 

 

The following table presents quantitative information about non-recurring fair value measurements of assets and liabilities classified with Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 

As of June 30, 2014










Financial Instrument Type


Fair Value (in millions)


Valuation Technique(s)


Significant Unobservable Inputs


Range of Inputs

Residential mortgage loans held for sale.............................


$

24



Valuation of third party appraisal on underlying collateral


Loss severity rates


0% - 100%

Impaired commercial loans................................................


24



Valuation of third party appraisal on underlying collateral


Loss severity rates


10% - 48%

 

As of December 31, 2013

Financial Instrument Type


Fair Value (in millions)


Valuation Technique(s)


Significant Unobservable Inputs


Range of Inputs

Residential mortgage loans held for sale..........................


$

56



Valuation of third party appraisal on underlying collateral


Loss severity rates


0% - 100%

Impaired commercial loans.............................................


108



Valuation of third party appraisal on underlying collateral


Loss severity rates


1% - 66%

Significant Unobservable Inputs for Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements 

Residential mortgage loans held for sale primarily represent subprime residential mortgage loans which were previously acquired with the intent of securitizing or selling them to third parties. The weighted average loss severity rate for these loans was approximately 70 percent at June 30, 2014. These severity rates are primarily impacted by the value of the underlying collateral securing the loans.

Impaired loans represent commercial loans. The weighted average severity rate for these loans was approximately 27 percent at June 30, 2014. These severity rates are primarily impacted by the value of the underlying collateral securing the loans.

Valuation Techniques  Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for estimating fair value for those financial instruments not recorded at fair value for which fair value disclosure is required.

Short-term financial assets and liabilities - The carrying amount of certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at cost is considered to approximate fair value because they are short-term in nature, bear interest rates that approximate market rates, and generally have negligible credit risk. These items include cash and due from banks, interest bearing deposits with banks, accrued interest receivable, customer acceptance assets and liabilities and short-term borrowings.

Federal funds sold and securities purchased and sold under resale and repurchase agreements - Federal funds sold and securities purchased and sold under resale and repurchase agreements are recorded at cost. A significant majority of these transactions are short-term in nature and, as such, the recorded amounts approximate fair value. For transactions with long-dated maturities, fair value is based on dealer quotes for instruments with similar terms and collateral.

Loans - Except for certain commercial syndicated loans, we do not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. From time to time, we record impairments to loans. The write-downs can be based on observable market price of the loan or the underlying collateral value. In addition, fair value estimates are determined based on the product type, financial characteristics, pricing features and maturity.

•       Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Certain residential mortgage loans are classified as held for sale and are recorded at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. The fair value of these mortgage loans is determined based on the valuation information observed in alternative exit markets, such as the whole loan market, adjusted for portfolio specific factors. These factors include the location of the collateral, the loan-to-value ratio, the estimated rate and timing of default, the probability of default or foreclosure and loss severity if foreclosure does occur.

•       Syndicated Loans Held for Sale - We record certain commercial syndicated loans which are originated with the intent to sell at fair value. Where available, market consensus pricing obtained from independent sources is used to estimate the fair value of the syndicated loans. In validating the fair value, we take into consideration the number of participants submitting pricing information, the range of pricing information and distribution, the methodology applied by the pricing services to cleanse the data and market liquidity. Where consensus pricing information is not available, fair value is estimated using observable market prices of similar instruments or inputs, including bonds, credit derivatives, and loans with similar characteristics. Where observable market parameters are not available, fair value is determined based on contractual cash flows, adjusted for the probability of default and estimated recoveries where applicable, discounted at the rate demanded by market participants under current market conditions. In those cases, we also consider the loan specific attributes and inherent credit risk and risk mitigating factors such as collateral arrangements.

•       Commercial Loans - Commercial loans and commercial real estate loans are valued by discounting the contractual cash flows, adjusted for prepayments and the borrower's credit risk, using a discount rate that reflects the current rates offered to borrowers of similar credit standing for the remaining term to maturity and, when applicable, our own estimate of liquidity premium.

•       Commercial Impaired Loans - Generally represents collateral dependent commercial loans with fair value determined based on pricing quotes obtained from an independent third party appraisal.

•       Consumer Loans - The estimated fair value of our consumer loans were determined by developing an approximate range of value from a mix of various sources as appropriate for the respective pool of assets. These sources included estimates from an HSBC affiliate which reflect over-the-counter trading activity, forward looking discounted cash flow models using assumptions consistent with those which would be used by market participants in valuing such receivables; trading input from other market participants which includes observed primary and secondary trades; where appropriate, the impact of current estimated rating agency credit tranching levels with the associated benchmark credit spreads; and general discussions held directly with potential investors. For revolving products, the estimated fair value excludes future draws on the available credit line as well as other items and, therefore, does not include the fair value of the entire relationship.

Valuation inputs include estimates of future interest rates, prepayment speeds, default and loss curves, estimated collateral value and market discount rates reflecting management's estimate of the rate that would be required by investors in the current market given the specific characteristics and inherent credit risk of the receivables. Some of these inputs are influenced by collateral value changes and unemployment rates. Where available, such inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. We perform analytical reviews of fair value changes on a quarterly basis and periodically validate our valuation methodologies and assumptions based on the results of actual sales of such receivables. In addition, from time to time, we may engage a third party valuation specialist to measure the fair value of a pool of receivables. Portfolio risk management personnel provide further validation through discussions with third party brokers and other market participants. Since an active market for these receivables does not exist, the fair value measurement process uses unobservable significant inputs specific to the performance characteristics of the various receivable portfolios.

Lending-related commitments - The fair value of commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees are not included in the table. The majority of the lending related commitments are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis nor are they actively traded. These instruments generate fees, which approximate those currently charged to originate similar commitments, which are recognized over the term of the commitment period. Deferred fees on commitments and standby letters of credit totaled $41 million and $46 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

Precious metals trading - Precious metals trading primarily includes physical inventory which is valued using spot prices.

 Securities - Where available, debt and equity securities are valued based on quoted market prices. If a quoted market price for the identical security is not available, the security is valued based on quotes from similar securities, where possible. For certain securities, internally developed valuation models are used to determine fair values or validate quotes obtained from pricing services. The following summarizes the valuation methodology used for our major security classes:

•       U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed and Obligations of U.S. state and political subdivisions - As these securities transact in an active market, fair value measurements are based on quoted prices for the identical security or quoted prices for similar securities with adjustments as necessary made using observable inputs which are market corroborated.

•       U.S. Government sponsored enterprises - For government sponsored mortgage-backed securities which transact in an active market, fair value measurements are based on quoted prices for the identical security or quoted prices for similar securities with adjustments as necessary made using observable inputs which are market corroborated. For government sponsored mortgage-backed securities which do not transact in an active market, fair value is determined primarily based on pricing information obtained from pricing services and is verified by internal review processes.

•       Asset-backed securities, including collateralized debt obligations - Fair value is primarily determined based on pricing information obtained from independent pricing services adjusted for the characteristics and the performance of the underlying collateral.

The following tables provide additional information relating to asset-backed securities as well as certain collateralized debt obligations held as of June 30, 2014:

Trading asset-backed securities:

 

Rating of Securities:(1)

Collateral Type:

Level 2


Level 3


Total



(in millions)

AAA -A................................................

Residential mortgages - Alt A...........................

$

89



$

-



$

89



Residential mortgages - Subprime...................

59



-



59



Student loans......................................................

81



-



81



Total AAA -A......................................................

229



-



229


BBB -B..................................................

Collateralized debt obligations.........................

-



260



260


CCC-Unrated........................................

Residential mortgages - Subprime...................

5



-



5




$

234



$

260



$

494


Available-for-sale securities backed by collateral:

 

Rating of Securities:(1)

Collateral Type:

Level 2


Level 3


Total



(in millions)

AAA -A.................................................

Commercial mortgages......................................

$

86



$

-



$

86



Home equity - Alt A..........................................

94



-



94



Other

94



-



94



Total AAA -A.....................................................

274



-



274


CCC -Unrated.......................................

Residential mortgages - Alt A..........................

1



-



1




$

275



$

-



$

275


 


(1)     We utilize Standard & Poor's ("S&P") as the primary source of credit ratings in the tables above. If S&P ratings are not available, ratings by Moody's and Fitch are used in that order. Ratings for collateralized debt obligations represent the ratings associated with the underlying collateral.

•       Other domestic debt and foreign debt securities (corporate and government) - For non-callable corporate securities, a credit spread scale is created for each issuer. These spreads are then added to the equivalent maturity U.S. Treasury yield to determine current pricing. Credit spreads are obtained from the new market, secondary trading levels and dealer quotes. For securities with early redemption features, an option adjusted spread ("OAS") model is incorporated to adjust the spreads determined above. Additionally, we survey the broker/dealer community to obtain relevant trade data including benchmark quotes and updated spreads.

•       Equity securities - Except for those legacy investments in hedge funds, since most of our securities are transacted in active markets, fair value measurements are determined based on quoted prices for the identical security. For hedge fund investments, we receive monthly statements from the investment manager with the estimated fair value.

Derivatives - Derivatives are recorded at fair value. Asset and liability positions in individual derivatives that are covered by legally enforceable master netting agreements, including receivables (payables) for cash collateral posted (received), are offset and presented net in accordance with accounting principles which allow the offsetting of amounts.

Derivatives traded on an exchange are valued using quoted prices. OTC derivatives, which comprise a majority of derivative contract positions, are valued using valuation techniques. The fair value for the majority of our derivative instruments are determined based on internally developed models that utilize independently corroborated market parameters, including interest rate yield curves, option volatilities, and currency rates. For complex or long-dated derivative products where market data is not available, fair value may be affected by the underlying assumptions about, among other things, the timing of cash flows, expected exposure, probability of default and recovery rates. The fair values of certain structured derivative products are sensitive to unobservable inputs such as default correlations of the referenced credit and volatilities of embedded options. These estimates are susceptible to significant change in future periods as market conditions change.

We use the Overnight Indexed Swap (OIS) curves as inputs to measure the fair value of collateralized interest rate derivatives.

Significant inputs related to derivative classes are broken down as follows:

•       Credit Derivatives - Use credit default curves and recovery rates which are generally provided by broker quotes and various pricing services. Certain credit derivatives may also use correlation inputs in their model valuation. Correlation is derived using market quotes from brokers and various pricing services.

•       Interest Rate Derivatives - Swaps use interest rate curves based on currency that are actively quoted by brokers and other pricing services. Options will also use volatility inputs which are also quoted in the broker market.

•       Foreign Exchange ("FX") Derivatives - FX transactions, to the extent possible, use spot and forward FX rates which are quoted in the broker market. Where applicable, we also use implied volatility of currency pairs as inputs.

•       Equity Derivatives - Use listed equity security pricing and implied volatilities from equity traded options position.

•       Precious Metal Derivatives - Use spot and forward metal rates which are quoted in the broker market.

As discussed earlier, we make fair value adjustments to model valuations in order to ensure that those values represent appropriate estimates of fair value. These adjustments, which are applied consistently over time, are generally required to reflect factors such as bid-ask spreads and counterparty credit risk that can affect prices in arms-length transactions with unrelated third parties. Such adjustments are based on management judgment and may not be observable.

We estimate the counterparty credit risk for financial assets and own credit standing for financial liabilities (the "credit risk adjustments") in determining the fair value measurement. For derivative instruments, we calculate the credit risk adjustment by applying the probability of default of the counterparty to the expected exposure, and multiplying the result by the expected loss given default. We also take into consideration the risk mitigating factors including collateral agreements and master netting arrangements in determining credit risk adjustments. We estimate the implied probability of default based on the credit spread of the specific counterparty observed in the credit default swap market. Where credit default spread of the counterparty is not available, we use the credit default spread of a specific proxy (e.g. the credit default swap spread of the counterparty's parent). Where specific proxy credit default swap is not available, we apply a blended approach based on a combination of credit default swaps referencing to credit names of similar credit standing and the historical rating-based probability of default.

Real estate owned - Fair value is determined based on third party appraisals obtained at the time we take title to the property and, if less than the carrying amount of the loan, the carrying amount of the loan is adjusted to the fair value. The carrying amount of the property is further reduced, if necessary, at least every 45 days to reflect observable local market data, including local area sales data.

Mortgage servicing rights - We elected to measure residential mortgage servicing rights, which are classified as intangible assets, at fair value. The fair value for the residential mortgage servicing rights is determined based on an option adjusted approach which involves discounting servicing cash flows under various interest rate projections at risk-adjusted rates. The valuation model also incorporates our best estimate of the prepayment speed of the mortgage loans, current cost to service and discount rates which are unobservable. As changes in interest rates is a key factor affecting the prepayment speed and hence the fair value of the mortgage servicing rights, we use various interest rate derivatives and forward purchase contracts of mortgage-backed securities to risk-manage the mortgage servicing rights.

Structured notes - Structured notes are hybrid instruments containing embedded derivatives. Structured notes are elected to be measured at fair value in their entirety under fair value option accounting principles. The valuation of hybrid instruments is predominantly driven by the derivative features embedded within the instruments. The valuation of embedded derivatives may include significant unobservable inputs such as correlation of the referenced credit names or volatility of the embedded option.

Cash flows of the funded notes are discounted at the appropriate rate for the applicable duration of the instrument adjusted for our own credit spreads. The credit spreads so applied are determined with reference to our own debt issuance rates observed in the primary and secondary markets, internal funding rates, and the structured note rates in recent executions.

Long-term debt - We elected to apply fair value option to certain own debt issuances for which fair value hedge accounting otherwise would have been applied. These own debt issuances elected under FVO are traded in secondary markets and, as such, the fair value is determined based on observed prices for the specific instrument. The observed market price of these instruments reflects the effect of our own credit spreads. The credit spreads applied to these instruments were derived from the spreads at the measurement date.

For long-term debt recorded at cost, fair value is determined based on quoted market prices where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on dealer quotes, quoted prices of similar instruments, or internally developed valuation models adjusted for own credit risks.

Deposits - For fair value disclosure purposes, the carrying amount of deposits with no stated maturity (e.g., demand, savings, and certain money market deposits), which represents the amount payable upon demand, is considered to generally approximate fair value. For deposits with stated maturities, including structured deposits, fair value is estimated by discounting cash flows using market interest rates currently offered on deposits with similar characteristics and maturities.

 


 

 


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