Half-year Report 2a of 2

RNS Number : 4691K
HSBC Holdings PLC
28 August 2019
 

Financial summary


Page

Use of non-GAAP financial measures

18

Adjusted performance

18

Significant items

18

Foreign currency translation differences

18

Changes from 1 January 2019

18

Summary consolidated income statement

19

Group performance by income and expense item

19

Net interest income

19

Net fee income

21

Net income from financial instruments measured at fair value through profit and loss

22

Gains less losses from financial investments

23

Net insurance premium income

23

Other operating income

23

Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders

24

Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

24

Operating expenses

26

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures

28

Tax expense

29

Summary consolidated balance sheet

30

Balance sheet commentary compared with 31 December 2018

 

31


Use of non-GAAP financial measures

Our reported results are prepared in accordance with IFRSs as detailed in the financial statements starting on page

82

.

To measure our performance we also use non-GAAP financial measures, including those derived from our reported results that eliminate factors that distort period-on-period comparisons. The 'adjusted performance' measure used throughout this report is described below, and where others are used they are described. All non-GAAP financial measures are reconciled to the closest reported financial measure.

The global business segmental results on pages 29 to 32 are presented on an adjusted basis in accordance with IFRS 8 'Operating Segments' as detailed in 'Basis of preparation' on 
page 29.

Adjusted performance

Adjusted performance is computed by adjusting reported results for the effects of foreign currency translation differences and significant items, which both distort period-on-period comparisons.

We consider adjusted performance provides useful information for investors by aligning internal and external reporting, identifying and quantifying items management believes to be significant, and providing insight into how management assesses period-on-period performance.

Significant items

'Significant items' refers collectively to the items that management and investors would ordinarily identify and consider separately to understand better the underlying trends in the business.

The tables on pages 32 to 34 and pages 40 to 45 detail the effects of significant items on each of our global business segments, geographical regions and selected countries/territories in 1H19, and 1H18 and 2H18.

Foreign currency translation differences

Foreign currency translation differences reflect the movements of the US dollar against most major currencies during 2019.

We exclude them to derive constant currency data, allowing us to assess balance sheet and income statement performance on a like-for-like basis and to understand better the underlying trends in the business.

Foreign currency translation differences

Foreign currency translation differences for the half-year to 30 June 2019 are computed by retranslating into US dollars for non-US dollar branches, subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates:

•   the income statements for the half-years to 30 June 2018 and 31 December 2018 at the average rates of exchange for the half-year to 30 June 2019; and

•   the balance sheets at 30 June 2018 and 31 December 2018 at the prevailing rates of exchange on 30 June 2019.

No adjustment has been made to the exchange rates used to translate foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities into the functional currencies of any HSBC branches, subsidiaries, joint ventures or associates. The constant currency data of HSBC's Argentina subsidiaries has not been adjusted further for the impacts of hyperinflation. When reference is made to foreign currency translation differences in tables or commentaries, comparative data reported in the functional currencies of HSBC's operations have been translated at the appropriate exchange rates applied in the current period on the basis described above.

Changes from 1 January 2019

IFRS 16 'Leases'

On 1 January 2019, HSBC adopted the requirements of IFRS 16 'Leases' retrospectively, with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognised as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings at that date. Comparatives were not restated. The adoption of the standard increased assets by $5bn and increased financial liabilities by the same amount with no effect on net assets or retained earnings.

IAS 12 'Income Taxes'

An amendment to IAS 12 'Income Taxes' was issued in December 2017 as part of the annual improvement cycle. The amendment clarifies that an entity should recognise the tax consequences of dividends where the transactions or events that generated the distributable profits are recognised. This amendment was applied on 1 January 2019, and had no material impact. Comparatives have not been restated.

 


Summary consolidated income statement






Half-year to



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

Net interest income


15,240


15,100


15,389


Net fee income


6,124


6,767


5,853


Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis


5,331


4,883


4,648


Net income/(expense) from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss


2,196


(222

)

(1,266

)

Changes in fair value of long-term debt and related derivatives


88


(126

)

29


Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss


457


345


350


Gains less losses from financial investments

 


201


124


94


Dividend income


38


41


34


Net insurance premium income


6,323


5,776


4,883


Other operating income


2,034


359


526


Total operating income


38,032


33,047


30,540


Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders


(8,660

)

(5,760

)

(4,047

)

Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

12

29,372


27,287


26,493


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges


(1,140

)

(407

)

(1,360

)

Net operating income


28,232


26,880


25,133


Total operating expenses


(17,149

)

(17,549

)

(17,110

)

Operating profit


11,083


9,331


8,023


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


1,324


1,381


1,155


Profit before tax


12,407


10,712


9,178


Tax expense


(2,470

)

(2,296

)

(2,569

)

Profit for the period


9,937


8,416


6,609


Attributable to:





-  ordinary shareholders of the parent company


8,507


7,173


5,435


-  preference shareholders of the parent company


45


45


45


-  other equity holders


664


530


499


-  non-controlling interests


721


668


630


Profit for the period


9,937


8,416


6,609




$

$

$

Basic earnings per share


0.42


0.36


0.27


Diluted earnings per share


0.42


0.36


0.27


Dividend per ordinary share (declared in the period)


0.31


0.31


0.20




%

%

%

Post-tax return on average total assets (annualised)


0.7


0.6


0.5


Return on average ordinary shareholders' equity (annualised)


10.4


8.7


6.7


Return on average tangible equity (annualised)

16

11.2


9.7


8.6


For footnotes, see page 48.





Group performance by income and expense item

For further financial performance data of our global business segments, see pages 31 to 37. For further financial performance data by geographical regions and selected countries/territories, see pages 38 to 45.




Net interest income



Half-year to

Full-year to



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

Interest income


27,750


23,422


49,609


Interest expense


(12,510

)

(8,322

)

(19,120

)

Net interest income

17

15,240


15,100


30,489


Average interest-earning assets


1,912,708


1,839,603


1,839,346




%

%

%

Gross interest yield

18

2.93


2.57


2.70


Less: cost of funds

18

(1.55

)

(1.07

)

(1.21

)

Net interest spread

19

1.38


1.50


1.49


Net interest margin

20

1.61


1.66


1.66


For footnotes, see page 48.




                       




Summary of interest income by type of asset



Half-year to

Full-year to



30 Jun 2019

30 Jun 2018

31 Dec 2018



Average
balance

Interest
income

Yield

Average
balance

Interest
income

Yield

Average
balance

Interest
income

Yield


Footnotes

$m

$m

%

$m

$m

%

$m

$m

%

Short-term funds and loans and advances to banks


217,474


1,285


1.19


240,804


1,116


0.93


233,637


2,475


1.06


Loans and advances to customers


1,011,928


17,833


3.55


966,481


16,036


3.35


972,963


33,285


3.42


Reverse repurchase agreements - non-trading


231,308


2,635


2.30


198,154


1,589


1.62


205,427


3,739


1.82


Financial investments


408,673


5,380


2.65


385,907


4,220


2.21


386,230


9,166


2.37


Other interest-earning assets


43,325


617


2.87


48,257


461


1.93


41,089


944


2.30


Total interest-earning assets


1,912,708


27,750


2.93


1,839,603


23,422


2.57


1,839,346


49,609


2.70


Trading assets and financial assets designated or mandatorily measured at fair value

21, 22

213,627


2,751


2.60


201,696


2,775


2.77


195,922


5,215


2.66


Expected credit losses provision


(8,502

)



(7,739

)



(7,816

)



Non-interest-earning assets


555,264




617,148




584,524




Total


2,673,097


30,501


2.30


2,650,708


26,197


1.99


2,611,976


54,824


2.10



For footnotes, see page 48.




Summary of interest expense by type of liability and equity



Half-year to

Full-year to



30 Jun 2019

30 Jun 2018

31 Dec 2018



Average
balance

Interest
expense

Cost

Average
balance

Interest
expense

Cost

Average
balance

Interest
expense

Cost


Footnotes

$m

$m

%

$m

$m

%

$m

$m

%

Deposits by banks


51,199


370


1.46


45,142


226


1.01


44,530


506


1.14


Customer accounts


1,138,196


5,637


1.00


1,138,617


3,463


0.61


1,138,620


8,287


0.73


Repurchase agreements - non-trading


170,342


2,320


2.75


159,293


1,488


1.88


161,204


3,409


2.11


Debt securities in issue - non-trading

23

205,192


3,361


3.30


179,903


2,654


2.97


183,434


5,675


3.09


Other interest-bearing liabilities


59,266


822


2.80


48,649


491


2.04


53,731


1,243


2.31


Total interest-bearing liabilities


1,624,195


12,510


1.55


1,571,604


8,322


1.07


1,581,519


19,120


1.21


Trading liabilities and financial liabilities designated at fair value (excluding own debt issued)

23, 24

149,814


1,872


2.52


140,485


1,804


2.59


142,184


3,524


2.48


Non-interest-bearing current accounts


228,524




211,839




211,815




Total equity and other non-interest-bearing liabilities


670,564




726,780




676,458




Total


2,673,097


14,382


1.08


2,650,708


10,126


0.77


2,611,976


22,644


0.87



For footnotes, see page 48.





Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to

Full-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

-


43


50


-  customer redress programmes

-


46


53


-  currency translation on significant items


(3

)

(3

)

Currency translation


581


631


Total

-


624


681




Reported net interest income ('NII') for 1H19 was $15.2bn, an increase of $0.1bn or 1% compared with 1H18. This reflected an increase in average interest-earning assets ('AIEA') of 4%, largely offset by a decline in net interest margin ('NIM') of 5 basis points ('bps').

The increase in NII in 1H19 included $0.6bn relating to the adverse effects of foreign currency translation differences. In 1H18, there was a $43m release related to customer redress programmes. Excluding the effects of significant items and foreign currency translation differences, net interest income increased by $0.8bn or 5%.

Interest income

Interest income increased by $4.3bn compared with 1H18, reflecting rising interest rates, with the yield on AIEA increasing by 36bps. This increase included $1.0bn related to the adverse effects of foreign currency translation differences in 1H19 and the favourable effects of customer redress programmes in 1H18. Excluding the effects of significant items and foreign currency translation differences, interest income increased by $5.3bn, driven by higher income from loans and advances to customers, surplus liquidity and reverse repurchase agreements.

Interest income on loans and advances to customers was $1.8bn higher, mainly from rising interest rates with the yield on AIEA increasing by 20bps, and volume growth of 5% in AIEA. These were mainly in Asia, notably in term lending and mortgages in Hong Kong.

Interest income on surplus liquidity rose by $1.3bn, primarily in Asia following interest rate increases. It was also higher in Europe, driven by a build-up of liquidity due to the formation of the non-ring-fenced bank in 2H18.

Interest income on reverse repurchase agreements was $1.0bn higher, driven by rising interest rates in North America and Europe.

Interest expense

Reported interest expense increased by $4.2bn compared with 1H18, including $0.3bn from the favourable effects of foreign currency translation differences. Excluding the effect of foreign currency translation differences, interest expense increased by $4.5bn. This reflected the impact of rising interest rates across average interest-bearing liabilities ('AIBL'), which increased cost by 48bps, predominantly in customer accounts.

Interest expense on customer accounts increased by $2.2bn, mainly in Asia, reflecting the effect of rate rises and a shift in funding mix from current accounts towards term deposits. This was partly offset by growth in non-interest-bearing current accounts, mainly in Europe.

Interest expense on repurchase agreements rose by $0.8bn, reflecting rising interest rates in North America and Europe.

Interest expense on debt issued rose by $0.7bn. This was mainly as a result of debt issuances by HSBC Holdings to meet regulatory requirements, which contributed $0.4bn towards the increase.

Net interest margin

Net interest margin of 1.61% decreased by 5bps compared with 2018. The higher yield on AIEA (up 23bps), was more than offset by the rise in funding costs of AIBL (up 34bps).

The decrease in 1H19 included the adverse effects of foreign currency translation differences, which contributed to a decrease of 1bp. Net interest margin, excluding the effects of significant items and foreign currency translation differences, decreased by 4bps.




Net fee income


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Funds under management

1,067


1,149


1,072


Account services

1,034


1,156


1,021


Cards

968


965


991


Credit facilities

805


897


826


Unit trusts

546


613


425


Broking income

544


710


500


Underwriting

446


431


292


Remittances

373


361


417


Global custody

342


378


358


Imports/exports

338


362


347


Insurance agency commission

200


233


171


Other

1,141


1,214


1,155


Fee income

7,804


8,469


7,575


Less: fee expense

(1,680

)

(1,702

)

(1,722

)

Net fee income

6,124


6,767


5,853






Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

-


-


-


Currency translation


229


27


Total

-


229


27




Net fee income of $6.1bn was $0.6bn lower compared with 1H18. This included adverse foreign currency translation differences of $0.2bn. This decrease reflected the effects of weaker market sentiment on investment-related income, mainly in Hong Kong, as well as lower event-driven activity in our investment banking business.

Fee income from broking and unit trusts decreased by $0.2bn, primarily in RBWM in Hong Kong from lower volumes, due to the non-recurrence in 1H19 of exceptional market conditions in the prior year. In addition, fee income from funds under management fell by $0.1bn, mainly in RBWM in Hong Kong, driven by a change in the product mix towards lower margin fixed income products.

Corporate Finance fee income (disclosed within 'other') decreased by $0.1bn. This was primarily in GB&M in our Global Banking business in Europe, reflecting lower event-driven activity.

Account services fee income fell by $0.1bn compared with 1H18. This reduction was mainly in the US due to a reclassification of  wire transfer fees from 'account services' to 'remittances' from the fourth quarter of 2018.



Net income from financial instruments measured at fair value through profit and loss



Half-year to



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

Trading activities


9,226


5,190


2,044


Other trading income - hedge ineffectiveness


23


(17

)

(28

)

-  on cash flow hedges


2


(8

)

-


-  on fair value hedges


21


(9

)

(28

)

Fair value movement on non-qualifying hedges

25

93


(210

)

3


Other instruments designated and managed on a fair value basis and related derivatives


(4,011

)

(80

)

2,629


Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis


5,331


4,883


4,648


Financial assets held to meet liabilities under insurance and investment contracts


2,438


(240

)

(1,345

)

Liabilities to customers under investment contracts


(242

)

18


79


Net income/(expense) from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss


2,196


(222

)

(1,266

)

Changes in fair value of long-term debt and related derivatives


88


(126

)

29


Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss


457


345


350


Net income from financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss


8,072


4,880


3,761


For footnotes, see page 48.





Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

50


(163

)

52


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses

-


(8

)

-


-  fair value movement on financial instruments

50


(152

)

52


-  currency translation on significant items


(3

)

-


Currency translation


301


57


Total

50


138


109




Net income from financial instruments measured at fair value through profit and loss of $8.1bn was $3.2bn higher than in 1H18. It included adverse foreign currency translation differences of $0.3bn and net favourable movements in significant items of $0.2bn, mainly reflecting net favourable fair value movements on financial instruments, including non-qualifying hedges and debit valuation adjustments.

The increase in reported net income from financial instruments measured at fair value reflected the following:

'Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis' increased by $0.4bn and included a favourable fair value movement on non-qualifying hedges of $0.1bn in 1H19, compared with an adverse movement of $0.2bn in 1H18.

Income from trading activities was $4.0bn higher, mainly reflecting favourable movements on derivatives held as hedges against structured notes. This increase was broadly offset in 'Other instruments designated and managed on a fair value basis and related derivatives' (down $3.9bn), as the structured notes and the related hedges are closely matched.

Income from trading activities also increased in Asia, primarily from revaluation gains on funding swaps due to favourable movements on yield curves.

These increases were partly offset by lower trading income in Global Markets, notably in Europe.

'Financial assets held to meet liabilities under insurance and investment contracts' increased by $2.7bn as favourable fair value movements of $2.4bn in 1H19 compared with adverse movements of $0.2bn in 1H18. This increase was primarily in Hong Kong, France and Singapore, as improved equity market performance in 1H19 compared with 1H18 led to revaluation gains on equity portfolios and funds supporting insurance and investment contracts. Offsetting movements were recorded in liabilities to customers, reflecting the extent to which they participate in the investment performance of these assets. These offsetting movements can be seen in 'Net income/(expense) arising from liabilities to customers under investment contracts' and 'Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders'.

'Changes in fair value of long-term debt and related derivatives' reflected a favourable movement of $0.1bn in 1H19, compared with an adverse movement of $0.1bn in 1H18.

These movements were driven by changes in interest rates between the periods, notably in US dollars, euros and pounds sterling.

The majority of our financial liabilities designated at fair value are fixed-rate, long-term debt issuances, and are managed in conjunction with interest rate swaps as part of our interest rate management strategy. These liabilities are discussed further on page 28.

 



Gains less losses from financial investments


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Net gains from disposal

201


124


94


-  debt securities

197


114


106


-  other financial investments

4


10


(12

)

Gains less losses from financial investments

201


124


94






Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

-


-


-


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses

-


-


-


-  currency translation on significant items


-


-


Currency translation


3


1


Total

-


3


1




Gains less losses from financial investments of $201m increased by $77m compared with 1H18, reflecting higher gains from the disposal of debt securities.

The increase was mainly in Corporate Centre, notably in the UK, from net gains on the sale of debt securities in legacy credit in

1H19 compared with net losses in 1H18. In addition, we recorded higher gains in Australia and the US.

This was partly offset in RBWM from the non-recurrence of a 1H18 gain following the restructuring of the annuities portfolio in Mexico.

 



Net insurance premium income


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Gross insurance premium income

6,683


6,078


5,260


Reinsurance premiums

(360

)

(302

)

(377

)

Net insurance premium income

6,323


5,776


4,883






Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

-


-


-


Currency translation


136


26


Total

-


136


26




Net insurance premium income of $6.3bn was $0.5bn higher compared with 1H18, and included adverse foreign currency translation differences.

This was driven by higher new business volumes, particularly in Hong Kong and France, partly offset by higher reinsurance ceded in Hong Kong.

 



Other operating income


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Rent received

78


84


68


Gains/(losses) recognised on assets held for sale

51


(30

)

42


Gains on investment properties

41


23


59


Gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and non-financial investments

926


6


27


Change in present value of in-force long-term insurance business

912


363


318


Other

26


(87

)

12


Other operating income

2,034


359


526






Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

827


(134

)

27


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses

827


(134

)

27


-  currency translation on significant items


-


-


Currency translation


99


(36

)

Total

827


(35

)

(9

)



Other operating income of $2.0bn increased by $1.7bn compared with 1H18. The increase included a 1H19 dilution gain of $0.8bn, recognised on the completion of the merger of our associate The Saudi British Bank ('SABB') with Alawwal bank in Saudi Arabia, presented within 'Gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and non-financial investments' in the table above. The increase also included a $0.5bn increase in favourable movements in the present value of in-force long-term insurance business ('PVIF').

The favourable change in PVIF reflected a $0.5bn increase in 'assumption changes and experience variances', mainly in Hong Kong from the effect of interest rate changes on the valuation of the liabilities under insurance contracts, and a $0.1bn increase of the value of new business written in 1H19 compared with 1H18.

We recorded net gains on assets held for sale in 1H19, compared with net losses in 1H18. The movement largely related to 1H19 gains in Argentina following the sale of a stake in the payment processing company Prisma Medios de Pago SA.

In 'Other', in 1H19 we recorded a gain in Mexico associated with the launch of a merchant acquiring services joint venture with Global Payments Inc. This gain was partly offset by the adverse effects of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina. By contrast, in 1H18 we recorded a loss of $95m on the early redemption of subordinated debt linked to the US run-off portfolio.

 



Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Gross

9,032


5,879


4,342


Less reinsurers' share

(372

)

(119

)

(295

)

Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders

8,660


5,760


4,047






Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

-


-


-


Currency translation


195


48


Total

-


195


48




'Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders' of $8.7bn were $2.9bn higher than in 1H18, and included adverse foreign currency translation differences.

This was primarily due to higher returns on the financial assets supporting policyholders where the policyholder is subject to part or all of the investment risk. This reflected favourable equity market performances in Hong Kong, France and Singapore compared with 1H18.

The gains or losses recognised on the financial assets measured at fair value that are held to support these insurance contract liabilities are reported in 'Net income/(expense) from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss' on page 22.

The increase also reflected the impact of higher new business volumes in Hong Kong, France and Singapore, partly offset by higher reinsurance ceded in Hong Kong.

 

 


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges



Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to banks and customers

1,180


508


1,388


-  new allowances net of allowance releases

1,381


769


1,535


-  recoveries of amounts previously written off

(201

)

(261

)

(147

)

Loan commitments and guarantees

(44

)

(7

)

4


Other financial assets

9


(5

)

(16

)

Debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income

(5

)

(89

)

(16

)

Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

1,140


407


1,360






Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

-


-


-


Currency translation


50


4


Total

-


50


4




Changes in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges ('ECL') of $1.1bn in 1H19 comprised 'new allowances net of allowance releases' of $1.4bn, partly offset by $0.2bn of 'recoveries of amounts previously written off'. 'New allowances net of allowance releases' included changes in risk parameters of $1.7bn and new financial assets originated or purchased of $0.4bn, which were partly offset by assets derecognised of $0.8bn.

ECL in 1H19 of $1.1bn were $0.7bn higher compared with 1H18, primarily driven by higher charges in CMB and GB&M. The effects of foreign currency translation differences between the periods were minimal.

•    In CMB, ECL charges of $0.5bn were $0.4bn higher due to an increase in charges in Europe, Asia and North America. In Europe, ECL charges were mainly in HSBC UK relating to a small number of exposures. In addition, there were ECL charges in 1H19 compared with net releases in 1H18, in both Asia and North America.

•    In GB&M, we recorded net ECL charges of $0.1bn, notably relating to specific corporate exposures in Europe. In 1H18, there were net releases of $0.1bn largely related to a small number of clients in the US, notably within the oil and gas sector, partly offset by charges in the UK against exposures in the retail and construction sectors.

•    In Corporate Centre, we recorded a lower net ECL release, primarily related to our legacy portfolios in the UK.

On a constant currency basis, ECL as a percentage of average gross loans and advances to customers was 0.23%, compared with 0.08% at 1H18.




Operating expenses

Operating expenses



Half-year to



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

By expense category





Employee compensation and benefits


9,255


8,836


8,537


Premises and equipment (excluding depreciation and impairment)


1,240


1,733


1,689


General and administrative expenses


5,132


6,034


5,897


Administrative expenses


15,627


16,603


16,123


Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets

26

1,010


568


551


Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets


512


378


436


Operating expenses


17,149


17,549


17,110


For footnotes, see page 48.





Staff numbers (full-time equivalents)


At


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018

Global businesses




Retail Banking and Wealth Management

135,768


129,999


133,644


Commercial Banking

45,010


43,529


44,805


Global Banking and Markets

48,673


47,298


48,500


Global Private Banking

6,921


6,922


6,819


Corporate Centre

1,313


1,447


1,449


Total staff numbers

237,685


229,195


235,217






Significant items and currency translation


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Significant items

986


1,164


488


-  costs of structural reform

91


211


150


-  customer redress programmes

610


100


46


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses

-


3


49


-  past service costs of guaranteed minimum pension benefits equalisation

-


-


228


-  restructuring and other related costs

287


24


42


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters

(2

)

841


(25

)

-                        currency translation on significant items


(15

)

(2

)

Currency translation


770


72


Total

986


1,934


560




Reported operating expenses of $17.1bn were $0.4bn or 2% lower than in 1H18 and included favourable foreign currency translation differences of $0.8bn and a net favourable movement in significant items of $0.2bn.

Significant items included:

•    the non-recurrence of settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters of $0.8bn in 1H18; and

•    structural reform costs of $0.1bn in 1H19, which included costs associated with the UK's withdrawal from the European Union. This compared with structural reform costs of $0.2bn in 1H18.

These were partly offset by:

•    customer redress programme costs in respect of the mis-selling of payment protection insurance ('PPI') of $0.6bn in 1H19, compared with $0.1bn in 1H18. For further details, see Note 10 on the financial statements; and

•    restructuring and other related costs of $0.3bn in 1H19, primarily reflecting $248m of severance costs arising from cost efficiency measures across our global businesses and functions. We expect total severance costs in 2H19 to be moderately higher than the year-to-date cost, and we expect total cost savings in 2020 from these measures to be approximately equal to 2019 severance costs.

Excluding significant items and foreign currency translation differences, operating expenses of $16.2bn were $0.5bn or 4% higher than in 1H18. The increase primarily reflected investments to grow the business (up $0.3bn), notably in RBWM and CMB, as well as continued investment in digital capabilities across all of our global businesses.

Performance-related pay was higher by $0.1bn and volume-related growth increased by $0.1bn. The impact of our cost-saving efficiencies broadly offset inflation.

The effect of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina increased adjusted operating expenses in 1H19 by $19m.

In 1H19, we maintained our momentum to grow the business.

•    In RBWM, we continued to invest in key strategic initiatives, including enhancing our digital capabilities, growing our Wealth Management business in Asia, and driving growth in key markets, notably in Hong Kong, the UK, the US and Mexico, through lending products.

•    In CMB, we introduced enhanced features for our Digital Business Bank UK mobile app, including biometrics. In GTRF, we made progress in our investment programme, as we improved capabilities in structured trade and increased automation.

The number of employees expressed in full-time equivalent staff ('FTEs') at 30 June 2019 was 237,685, an increase of 2,468 from 31 December 2018. This was mainly driven by investments in business growth programmes across RBWM and CMB, and continued investment in digital across all global businesses. Additionally, the number of contractors at 30 June 2019 was 9,647, a decrease of 1,207 from 31 December 2018.

 



Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Share of profit in associates

1,306


1,371


1,148


Share of profit in joint ventures

18


10


7


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures

1,324


1,381


1,155




Our share of profit in associates and joint ventures was $1.3bn in 1H19, a decrease of $57m or 4%. This reduction primarily reflected adverse foreign currency translation differences of $67m. Excluding foreign currency translation differences, our share of profit in associates and joint ventures increased by $10m.

At 30 June 2019, we performed an impairment review of our investment in Bank of Communications Co., Limited ('BoCom') and concluded that it was not impaired, based on our value-in-use ('VIU') calculation. For more information on the key assumptions in our VIU calculation, including the sensitivity of the VIU to each key assumption, see Note 9 on the financial statements.

As discussed in Note 9 on the financial statements, in future periods the VIU may increase or decrease depending on the effect of changes to model inputs. It is expected that the carrying amount will increase due to retained profits earned by BoCom. At the point where the carrying amount exceeds the VIU, impairment would be recognised. We would continue to recognise our share of BoCom's profit or loss, but the carrying amount would be reduced to equal the VIU, with a corresponding reduction in income. An impairment review would continue to be performed at each subsequent reporting period, with the carrying amount and income adjusted accordingly.



Tax expense


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$m

$m

$m

Profit before tax

12,407


10,712


9,178


Tax expense

(2,470

)

(2,296

)

(2,569

)

Profit after tax

9,937


8,416


6,609


Effective tax rate

19.9%

21.4%

28.0%




The effective tax rate for 1H19 of 19.9% was lower than the 21.4% for 1H18, principally due to the non-taxable dilution gain in 1H19. The effective tax rate for 2H18 of 28.0% was higher than for 1H19 and 1H18, principally due to the non-recognition of deferred tax assets and the bank levy charge in 2H18.





Summary consolidated balance sheet


At


30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018


$m

$m

Assets



Cash and balances at central banks

171,090


162,843


Trading assets

271,424


238,130


Financial assets designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss

41,043


41,111


Derivatives

233,621


207,825


Loans and advances to banks

82,397


72,167


Loans and advances to customers

1,021,632


981,696


Reverse repurchase agreements - non-trading

233,079


242,804


Financial investments

428,101


407,433


Other assets

268,886


204,115


Total assets

2,751,273


2,558,124


Liabilities and equity



Liabilities



Deposits by banks

71,051


56,331


Customer accounts

1,380,124


1,362,643


Repurchase agreements - non-trading

184,497


165,884


Trading liabilities

94,149


84,431


Financial liabilities designated at fair value

165,104


148,505


Derivatives

229,903


205,835


Debt securities in issue

103,663


85,342


Liabilities under insurance contracts

93,794


87,330


Other liabilities

228,114


167,574


Total liabilities

2,550,399


2,363,875


Equity



Total shareholders' equity

192,676


186,253


Non-controlling interests

8,198


7,996


Total equity

200,874


194,249


Total liabilities and equity

2,751,273


2,558,124


 

Selected financial information


At


30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018


$m

$m

Called up share capital

10,281

10,180

Capital resources

178,259

173,238

Undated subordinated loan capital

1,968

1,969

Preferred securities and dated subordinated loan capital

32,569

35,014

Risk-weighted assets

885,971

865,318

Total shareholders' equity

192,676

186,253

Less: preference shares and other equity instruments

(23,772)

(23,772)

Total ordinary shareholders' equity

168,904

162,481

Less: goodwill and intangible assets (net of tax)

(23,463)

(22,425)

Tangible ordinary shareholders' equity

145,441

140,056

Financial statistics



Loans and advances to customers as a percentage of customer accounts

74.0%

72.0%

Average total shareholders' equity to average total assets

7.07%

7.16%

Net asset value per ordinary share at period end ($)

8.35

8.13

Tangible net asset value per ordinary share at period end ($)

7.19

7.01

Tangible net asset value per fully diluted ordinary share at period end ($)

7.17

6.98

Basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding (millions)

20,221

19,981

Basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding and dilutive potential ordinary shares (millions)

20,286

20,059

Closing foreign exchange translation rates to $:



$1: £

0.786

0.783

$1: €

0.878

0.873

A more detailed consolidated balance sheet is contained in the financial statements on page 84.



Balance sheet commentary compared with 31 December 2018

At 30 June 2019, our total assets were $2.8tn, an increase of $193bn or 8% on a reported basis, and $192bn or 7% on a constant currency basis.

We increased our balance sheet by targeted lending growth, notably in Asia, which grew by $23bn or 5% on a reported basis, and $22bn or 5% on a constant currency basis, reflecting the strategic importance of the region.

On a reported basis, loans and advances to customers increased by $40bn, and customer accounts increased by $17bn. Excluding foreign currency translation differences, loans and advances to customers increased by $39bn or 4%, and customer accounts increased by $16bn or 1%.

Our ratio of customer advances to customer accounts was 74%, up from 72% at 31 December 2018.

Assets

Trading assets increased by $33bn or 14%, notably from an increase in debt securities held, mainly in the UK, the US and France. In addition, trading assets increased in Asia, reflecting higher equity security holdings in Hong Kong.

Derivative assets increased by $26bn or 12%, primarily in France and the UK, reflecting revaluation movements on interest rate contracts. This was partly offset by a reduction in foreign exchange contracts in the UK, reflecting lower client activity. The increase in derivative assets was consistent with an increase in derivative liabilities, since the underlying risk is broadly matched.

Financial investments increased by $21bn or 5%, mainly due to an increase in debt securities in the UK. This was partly offset by a decrease in investments in government bonds in Hong Kong.

Other assets grew by $65bn or 32%, primarily due to an increase in settlement accounts in the US, the UK and Hong Kong from higher trading activity, compared with the seasonal reduction in December 2018.

Loans and advances to customers

Loans and advances to customers increased by $40bn on a reported basis compared with 31 December 2018. This included favourable foreign currency translation differences of $1bn. Excluding the effects of foreign currency translation differences, loans and advances to customers increased by $39bn or 4%.

The commentary below is on a constant currency basis.

Customer lending growth was primarily in Asia (up $22bn). The growth was notably in RBWM (up $8bn), primarily in Hong Kong (up $6bn) as we maintained our leading position in mortgages, and in Australia (up $2bn), as we continued to increase mortgage lending, in part due to a successful marketing campaign in 1H19. Customer lending also increased in GPB (up $5bn), mainly in Hong Kong (up $4bn), driven by growth in marketable securities-backed lending transactions. In CMB (up $7bn) and in GB&M (up $2bn), the growth reflected higher term lending from our continued strategic focus on growth throughout the region.

Customer lending increased in Europe by $12bn, notably in HSBC UK (up $7bn), including mortgage growth of $4bn, reflecting our focus on broker-originated mortgages, and in CMB where term lending increased to large corporates, middle market enterprise and commercial real estate customers. In addition, GB&M balances increased in term lending, notably in France.

Liabilities

Repurchase agreements - non-trading increased by $19bn or 11%, primarily in the US, Hong Kong, mainland China and France. This was mainly driven by the increased use of repurchase agreements for funding in our Global Markets business.

Derivative liabilities increased by $24bn or 12%, which is consistent with the increase in derivative assets, since the underlying risk is broadly matched.

Debt securities in issue increased by $18bn or 21%, reflecting an increase in certificates of deposit, primarily in North America, Europe and Asia, and higher commercial paper issuance in the UK.

Financial liabilities designated at fair value increased by $17bn or 11%, driven by further issuances of MREL-eligible senior debt during 1H19 and the mark-to-market increase in value of structured notes.

Other liabilities increased by $61bn or 36%, mainly from an increase in settlement accounts in the UK and the US, from higher seasonal trading activity compared with December 2018.

Customer accounts

Customer accounts increased by $17bn on a reported basis, and included favourable foreign currency translation differences of $2bn. Excluding this, customer accounts increased by $16bn or 1%.

The commentary below is on a constant currency basis.

In Asia, we grew customer accounts by $11bn, notably in RBWM (up $9bn) and also in GB&M (up $5bn). These were primarily business-driven increases in Singapore of $4bn, Australia of $2bn and Hong Kong of $2bn.

Customer accounts increased in Europe by $3bn. This was driven by an increase in RBWM balances, notably in HSBC UK (up $4bn) within current accounts and savings, partly offset by a decrease in GB&M balances mainly in the UK.

Equity

Total shareholders' equity increased by $6bn or 3% compared with 31 December 2018. The effects of profits generated in the period and fair value gains on debt and equity instruments were partly offset by dividends paid to shareholders and adverse changes in fair value attributable to changes in own credit risk.


Customer accounts by country/territory


At


30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018


$m

$m

Europe

504,386


503,154


-  UK

398,857


399,487


-  France

47,978


45,169


-  Germany

19,798


16,713


-  Switzerland

5,423


6,315


-  other

32,330


35,470


Asia

677,289


664,824


-  Hong Kong

487,948


484,897


-  Singapore

46,229


42,323


-  mainland China

45,409


45,712


-  Australia

22,157


20,649


-  India

15,660


14,210


-  Malaysia

13,984


13,904


-  Taiwan

13,677


13,602


-  Indonesia

4,476


3,810


-  other

27,749


25,717


Middle East and North Africa (excluding Saudi Arabia)

36,593


35,408


-  United Arab Emirates

17,281


16,583


-  Egypt

4,711


4,493


-  Turkey

3,598


4,169


-  other

11,003


10,163


North America

135,400


133,291


-  US

82,260


82,523


-  Canada

46,189


43,898


-  other

6,951


6,870


Latin America

26,456


25,966


-  Mexico

20,437


19,936


-  other

6,019


6,030


At end of period

1,380,124


1,362,643



Risk-weighted assets

Risk-weighted assets ('RWAs') totalled $886.0bn at 30 June 2019, a $20.7bn increase in the first half of the year, which included an increase of $1.1bn due to foreign currency translation differences. Excluding foreign currency translation differences, RWAs rose by $19.6bn. This mainly comprised growth of $27.8bn from asset size and $1.4bn from changes in asset quality. This was partly offset by reductions of $9.6bn from methodology and policy changes.

Asset size increases included lending growth of $16.6bn across most businesses and regions. Corporate Centre RWAs rose by $4.8bn, largely in Asia. GB&M counterparty credit risk RWAs increased by $4.6bn, mostly in Europe, largely due to mark-to-market movements, increased volumes of securities financing transactions and new derivative trades.

Global businesses


Page

Summary

32

Basis of preparation

32

Analysis of adjusted results by global business

33

Reconciliation of reported and adjusted items

34

Reconciliation of reported and adjusted items - global businesses

35

Reconciliation of reported and adjusted items - risk-weighted assets

38

Supplementary tables for RBWM and GPB

38


Summary

The Group Chief Executive and the rest of the Group Management Board ('GMB') review operating activity on a number of bases, including by global business and geographical region. Global businesses are our reportable segments under IFRS 8 'Operating Segments'.

Basis of preparation
The Group Chief Executive, supported by the rest of the GMB, is considered the Chief Operating Decision Maker ('CODM') for the purposes of identifying the Group's reportable segments. Global business results are assessed by the CODM on the basis of adjusted performance, which removes the effects of significant items and currency translation from reported results. We therefore present these results on an adjusted basis. 1H18 and 2H18 adjusted performance information is presented on a constant currency basis as described on page 18. 
As required by IFRS 8, reconciliations of the total adjusted global business results to the Group's reported results are presented on page 31. 
Supplementary reconciliations from reported to adjusted results by global business are presented on pages 32 to 34 for information purposes.
Global business performance is also assessed using return on tangible equity ('RoTE'), excluding significant items and the UK bank levy. A reconciliation of global business RoTE, excluding significant items and the UK bank levy, to the Group's RoTE is provided in the Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures 30 June 2019.
Our operations are closely integrated and, accordingly, the presentation of data includes internal allocations of certain items of income and expense. These allocations include the costs of certain support services and global functions to the extent that they can be meaningfully attributed to global businesses and geographical regions. While such allocations have been made on a systematic and consistent basis, they necessarily involve a degree of subjectivity. Costs that are not allocated to global businesses are included in Corporate Centre.
Where relevant, income and expense amounts presented include the results of inter-segment funding along with inter-company and inter-business line transactions. All such transactions are undertaken on arm's length terms. The intra-Group elimination items for the global businesses are presented in Corporate Centre.
The expense of the UK bank levy is included in the Europe geographical region as HSBC regards the levy as a cost of being headquartered in the UK. For the purposes of the presentation by global business, the cost of the levy is included in Corporate Centre.
The results of geographical regions are presented on a reported basis. 
Geographical information is classified by the location of the principal operations of the subsidiary or, for The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, HSBC Bank plc, HSBC UK Bank plc, HSBC Bank Middle East Limited and HSBC Bank USA, by the location of the branch responsible for reporting the results or providing funding.
 

A description of the global businesses is provided in the Overview section, pages 10 to 14.

 




Analysis of adjusted results by global business

 

HSBC adjusted profit before tax and balance sheet data



Half-year to 30 Jun 2019



Retail
Banking and
Wealth
Management

Commercial
Banking

Global
Banking and
Markets

Global
Private
Banking

Corporate Centre

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Net operating income/(expense) before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

12

11,919


7,816


7,706


924


130


28,495


-  external


8,789


7,545


9,493


675


1,993


28,495


-  inter-segment


3,130


271


(1,787

)

249


(1,863

)

-


of which: net interest income/(expense)


8,155


5,653


2,861


441


(1,870

)

15,240


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/recoveries


(540

)

(494

)

(95

)

(19

)

8


(1,140

)

Net operating income


11,379


7,322


7,611


905


138


27,355


Total operating expenses


(6,981

)

(3,297

)

(4,787

)

(709

)

(389

)

(16,163

)

Operating profit/(loss)


4,398


4,025


2,824


196


(251

)

11,192


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


43


-


-


-


1,281


1,324


Adjusted profit before tax


4,441


4,025


2,824


196


1,030


12,516




%

%

%

%

%

%

Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax


35.5


32.1


22.6


1.6


8.2


100.0


Adjusted cost efficiency ratio


58.6


42.2


62.1


76.7


299.2


56.7


Adjusted balance sheet data


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers (net)


376,126


347,387


250,790


45,806


1,523


1,021,632


Interests in associates and joint ventures


456


-


-


-


23,436


23,892


Total external assets


498,045


377,142


1,120,235


50,757


705,094


2,751,273


Customer accounts


660,588


358,735


289,950


62,235


8,616


1,380,124


Adjusted risk-weighted assets


128,957


327,553


284,509


16,531


127,607


885,157


 



Half-year to 30 Jun 2018



Retail
Banking and
Wealth
Management

Commercial
Banking

Global
Banking and
Markets

Global
Private
Banking

Corporate Centre

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Net operating income/(expense) before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges
 

12

10,668


7,140


7,916


907


(250

)

26,381


-  external


8,741


7,001


9,181


782


676


26,381


-  inter-segment


1,927


139


(1,265

)

125


(926

)

-


of which: net interest income/(expense)


7,389


4,985


2,385


436


(720

)

14,475


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/recoveries


(514

)

(37

)

103


4


87


(357

)

Net operating income/(expense)


10,154


7,103


8,019


911


(163

)

26,024


Total operating expenses


(6,583

)

(3,128

)

(4,588

)

(724

)

(592

)

(15,615

)

Operating profit/(loss)


3,571


3,975


3,431


187


(755

)

10,409


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


17


-


-


-


1,297


1,314


Adjusted profit before tax


3,588


3,975


3,431


187


542


11,723




%

%

%

%

%

%

Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax


30.6


33.9


29.3


1.6


4.6


100.0


Adjusted cost efficiency ratio


61.7


43.8


58.0


79.8


(236.8

)

59.2


Adjusted balance sheet data


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers (net)


345,029


324,717


246,900


40,809


2,012


959,467


Interests in associates and joint ventures


393


-


-


-


21,744


22,137


Total external assets


467,809


359,329


1,036,945


47,311


659,756


2,571,150


Customer accounts


628,536


351,422


286,690


63,164


9,675


1,339,487


Adjusted risk-weighted assets


122,679


310,278


282,439


16,881


121,666


853,943


For footnotes, see page 48.

 




HSBC adjusted profit before tax and balance sheet data (continued)



Half-year to 31 Dec 2018



Retail
Banking and
Wealth
Management

Commercial
Banking

Global
Banking and
Markets

Global
Private
Banking

Corporate Centre

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Net operating income/(expense) before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges
 

12

10,834


7,420


7,230


854


(5

)

26,333


-  external


8,155


7,313


8,483


694


1,688


26,333


-  inter-segment


2,679


107


(1,253

)

160


(1,693

)

-


of which: net interest income/(expense)


8,135


5,461


2,768


440


(1,472

)

15,332


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/recoveries


(634

)

(684

)

(70

)

3


28


(1,357

)

Net operating income


10,200


6,736


7,160


857


23


24,976


Total operating expenses


(6,772

)

(3,191

)

(4,653

)

(702

)

(1,232

)

(16,550

)

Operating profit/(loss)


3,428


3,545


2,507


155


(1,209

)

8,426


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


17


-


-


-


1,150


1,167


Adjusted profit/(loss) before tax


3,445


3,545


2,507


155


(59

)

9,593




%

%

%

%

%

%

Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax


35.9


37.0


26.1


1.6


(0.6

)

100.0


Adjusted cost efficiency ratio


62.5


43.0


64.4


82.2


(24,640.0

)

62.8


Adjusted balance sheet data


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers (net)


362,262


333,854


245,261


39,265


2,459


983,101


Interests in associates and joint ventures


399


-


-


-


22,043


22,442


Total external assets


477,618


361,369


1,011,691


45,140


663,540


2,559,358


Customer accounts


641,833


358,201


290,964


64,660


8,679


1,364,337


Adjusted risk-weighted assets


126,929


321,717


281,338


16,811


118,826


865,621


For footnotes, see page 48.





Reconciliation of reported and adjusted items

 

Adjusted results reconciliation



Half-year to



30 Jun 2019

30 Jun 2018

31 Dec 2018



Adjusted

Significant items

Reported

Adjusted

Currency translation

Significant items

Reported

Adjusted

Currency translation

Significant items

Reported


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12

28,495


877


29,372


26,381


1,160


(254

)

27,287


26,333


75


85


26,493


ECL


(1,140

)

-


(1,140

)

(357

)

(50

)

-


(407

)

(1,357

)

(3

)

-


(1,360

)

Operating expenses


(16,163

)

(986

)

(17,149

)

(15,615

)

(770

)

(1,164

)

(17,549

)

(16,550

)

(72

)

(488

)

(17,110

)

Share of profit

in associates

and joint ventures


1,324


-


1,324


1,314


67


-


1,381


1,167


(12

)

-


1,155


Profit before tax


12,516


(109

)

12,407


11,723


407


(1,418

)

10,712


9,593


(12

)

(403

)

9,178


For footnotes, see page 48.

Adjusted balance sheet reconciliation


At


30 Jun 2019

31 Dec 2018


Reported and adjusted

Adjusted

Currency translation

Reported


$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers (net)

1,021,632


983,101


(1,405

)

981,696


Interests in associates and joint ventures

23,892


22,442


(35

)

22,407


Total external assets

2,751,273


2,559,358


(1,234

)

2,558,124


Customer accounts

1,380,124


1,364,337


(1,694

)

1,362,643


 




Adjusted profit reconciliation



Half-year to



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

Adjusted profit before tax


12,516


11,723


9,593


Significant items


(109

)

(1,418

)

(403

)

-  customer redress programmes


(610

)

(54

)

(39

)

-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


827


(145

)

(20

)

-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

50


(152

)

52


-  costs of structural reform

28

(91

)

(211

)

(150

)

-  restructuring and other related costs


(287

)

(24

)

(42

)

-  past service costs of guaranteed minimum pension benefits equalisation


-


-


(228

)

-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


2


(841

)

25


-  currency translation on significant items



9


(1

)

Currency translation



407


(12

)

Reported profit before tax


12,407


10,712


9,178


For footnotes, see page 48.





Reconciliation of reported and adjusted items - global businesses

Supplementary analysis of significant items by global business is presented below.



Half-year to 30 Jun 2019



Retail Banking and Wealth Management

Commercial Banking

Global Banking and Markets

Global Private Banking

Corporate Centre

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12







Reported


11,919


7,816


7,636


924


1,077


29,372


Significant items


-


-


70


-


(947

)

(877

)

-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


-


(827

)

(827

)

-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

-


-


70


-


(120

)

(50

)

Adjusted


11,919


7,816


7,706


924


130


28,495


ECL








Reported


(540

)

(494

)

(95

)

(19

)

8


(1,140

)

Adjusted


(540

)

(494

)

(95

)

(19

)

8


(1,140

)

Operating expenses








Reported


(7,639

)

(3,324

)

(4,907

)

(722

)

(557

)

(17,149

)

Significant items


658


27


120


13


168


986


-  costs of structural reform

28

-


4


29


-


58


91


-  customer redress programmes


615


(1

)

(4

)

-


-


610


-  restructuring and other related costs


43


24


95


14


111


287


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


-


-


-


(1

)

(1

)

(2

)

Adjusted


(6,981

)

(3,297

)

(4,787

)

(709

)

(389

)

(16,163

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures








Reported


43


-


-


-


1,281


1,324


Adjusted


43


-


-


-


1,281


1,324


Profit before tax








Reported


3,783


3,998


2,634


183


1,809


12,407


Significant items


658


27


190


13


(779

)

109


-  revenue


-


-


70


-


(947

)

(877

)

-  operating expenses


658


27


120


13


168


986


Adjusted


4,441


4,025


2,824


196


1,030


12,516


Loans and advances to customers (net)








Reported


376,126


347,387


250,790


45,806


1,523


1,021,632


Adjusted


376,126


347,387


250,790


45,806


1,523


1,021,632


Customer accounts








Reported


660,588


358,735


289,950


62,235


8,616


1,380,124


Adjusted


660,588


358,735


289,950


62,235


8,616


1,380,124


For footnotes, see page 48.




Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - global businesses (continued)



Half-year to 30 Jun 2018



Retail
Banking and Wealth Management

Commercial Banking

Global
Banking and Markets

Global Private Banking

Corporate Centre

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12







Reported


11,058


7,485


8,330


929


(515

)

27,287


Currency translation


(397

)

(301

)

(352

)

(22

)

(88

)

(1,160

)

Significant items


7


(44

)

(62

)

-


353


254


-  customer redress programmes


-


(46

)

-


-


-


(46

)

-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


7


-


-


-


135


142


-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

-


-


(65

)

-


217


152


-  currency translation on significant items


-


2


3


-


1


6


Adjusted


10,668


7,140


7,916


907


(250

)

26,381


ECL








Reported


(543

)

(55

)

97


4


90


(407

)

Currency translation


29


18


6


-


(3

)

50


Adjusted


(514

)

(37

)

103


4


87


(357

)

Operating expenses








Reported


(7,020

)

(3,281

)

(4,702

)

(787

)

(1,759

)

(17,549

)

Currency translation


332


145


202


21


70


770


Significant items


105


8


(88

)

42


1,097


1,164


-    costs of structural reform

28

1


2


16


-


192


211


-  customer redress programmes


94


6


-


-


-


100


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


3


-


3


-  restructuring and other related costs


-


-


-


-


24


24


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


16


-


(108

)

41


892


841


-    currency translation on significant items


(6

)

-


4


(2

)

(11

)

(15

)

Adjusted


(6,583

)

(3,128

)

(4,588

)

(724

)

(592

)

(15,615

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures








Reported


17


-


-


-


1,364


1,381


Currency translation


-


-


-


-


(67

)

(67

)

Adjusted


17


-


-


-


1,297


1,314


Profit before tax








Reported


3,512


4,149


3,725


146


(820

)

10,712


Currency translation


(36

)

(138

)

(144

)

(1

)

(88

)

(407

)

Significant items


112


(36

)

(150

)

42


1,450


1,418


-  revenue


7


(44

)

(62

)

-


353


254


-  operating expenses


105


8


(88

)

42


1,097


1,164


Adjusted


3,588


3,975


3,431


187


542


11,723


Loans and advances to customers (net)








Reported


351,114


329,300


250,058


40,902


2,069


973,443


Currency translation


(6,085

)

(4,583

)

(3,158

)

(93

)

(57

)

(13,976

)

Adjusted


345,029


324,717


246,900


40,809


2,012


959,467


Customer accounts








Reported


635,598


355,650


291,711


63,593


9,755


1,356,307


Currency translation


(7,062

)

(4,228

)

(5,021

)

(429

)

(80

)

(16,820

)

Adjusted


628,536


351,422


286,690


63,164


9,675


1,339,487


For footnotes, see page 48.




Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - global businesses (continued)



Half-year to 31 Dec 2018



Retail
Banking and Wealth Management

Commercial Banking

Global
Banking and Markets

Global Private Banking

Corporate Centre

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12







Reported


10,870


7,453


7,304


861


5


26,493


Currency translation


(38

)

(27

)

(16

)

(2

)

8


(75

)

Significant items


2


(6

)

(58

)

(5

)

(18

)

(85

)

-  customer redress programmes


-


(7

)

-


-


-


(7

)

-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


(5

)

(24

)

(29

)

-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

-


-


(57

)

-


5


(52

)

-  currency translation on significant items


2


1


(1

)

-


1


3


Adjusted


10,834


7,420


7,230


854


(5

)

26,333


ECL








Reported


(634

)

(684

)

(71

)

4


25


(1,360

)

Currency translation


-


-


1


(1

)

3


3


Adjusted


(634

)

(684

)

(70

)

3


28


(1,357

)

Operating expenses








Reported


(6,882

)

(3,199

)

(4,646

)

(763

)

(1,620

)

(17,110

)

Currency translation


31


14


14


4


9


72


Significant items


79


(6

)

(21

)

57


379


488


-  costs of structural reform

28

1


6


25


-


118


150


-  customer redress programmes


79


(11

)

(22

)

-


-


46


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


49


-


49


-  past service costs of guaranteed minimum pension benefits equalisation


-


-


-


-


228


228


-  restructuring and other related costs


-


-


-


7


35


42


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


-


-


(23

)

1


(3

)

(25

)

-  currency translation on significant items


(1

)

(1

)

(1

)

-


1


(2

)

Adjusted


(6,772

)

(3,191

)

(4,653

)

(702

)

(1,232

)

(16,550

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures








Reported


16


-


-


-


1,139


1,155


Currency translation


1


-


-


-


11


12


Adjusted


17


-


-


-


1,150


1,167


Profit before tax








Reported


3,370


3,570


2,587


102


(451

)

9,178


Currency translation


(6

)

(13

)

(1

)

1


31


12


Significant items


81


(12

)

(79

)

52


361


403


-  revenue


2


(6

)

(58

)

(5

)

(18

)

(85

)

-  operating expenses


79


(6

)

(21

)

57


379


488


Adjusted


3,445


3,545


2,507


155


(59

)

9,593


Loans and advances to customers (net)








Reported


361,872


333,162


244,978


39,217


2,467


981,696


Currency translation


390


692


283


48


(8

)

1,405


Adjusted


362,262


333,854


245,261


39,265


2,459


983,101


Customer accounts








Reported


640,924


357,596


290,914


64,658


8,551


1,362,643


Currency translation


909


605


50


2


128


1,694


Adjusted


641,833


358,201


290,964


64,660


8,679


1,364,337


For footnotes, see page 48.







Reconciliation of reported and adjusted risk-weighted assets

 


At 30 Jun 2019


Retail

Banking and

Wealth
Management

Commercial
Banking

Global
Banking and
Markets

Global Private
Banking

Corporate Centre

Total


$bn

$bn

$bn

$bn

$bn

$bn

Risk-weighted assets







Reported

129.0


327.6


284.5


16.5


128.4


886.0


Disposals

-


-


-


-


(0.8

)

(0.8

)

-  operations in Brazil

-


-


-


-


(0.8

)

(0.8

)

Adjusted

129.0


327.6


284.5


16.5


127.6


885.2










At 30 Jun 2018

Risk-weighted assets







Reported

124.1


315.1


284.5


17.0


124.8


865.5


Currency translation

(1.4

)

(4.8

)

(2.1

)

(0.1

)

(0.5

)

(8.9

)

Disposals

-


-


-


-


(2.7

)

(2.7

)

-  operations in Brazil

-


-


-


-


(2.7

)

(2.7

)

Adjusted

122.7


310.3


282.4


16.9


121.6


853.9


 


At 31 Dec 2018

Risk-weighted assets







Reported

126.9


321.2


281.0


16.8


119.4


865.3


Currency translation

-


0.5


0.3


-


0.3


1.1


Disposals

-


-


-


-


(0.8

)

(0.8

)

-  operations in Brazil

-


-


-


-


(0.8

)

(0.8

)

Adjusted

126.9


321.7


281.3


16.8


118.9


865.6






Supplementary tables for RBWM and GPB

RBWM adjusted performance by business unit

A breakdown of RBWM by business unit is presented below to reflect the basis of how the revenue performance of the business units is assessed and managed.





RBWM - summary (adjusted basis)



Consists of



Total

RBWM

Banking

operations

Insurance manufacturing

Asset

management


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

Half-year to 30 Jun 2019






Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

12

11,919


9,939


1,459


521


-  net interest income


8,155


7,118


1,042


(5

)

-  net fee income/(expense)


2,498


2,390


(376

)

484


-  other income


1,266


431


793


42


ECL


(540

)

(538

)

(2

)

-


Net operating income


11,379


9,401


1,457


521


Total operating expenses


(6,981

)

(6,356

)

(246

)

(379

)

Operating profit


4,398


3,045


1,211


142


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


43


7


36


-


Profit before tax


4,441


3,052


1,247


142








Half-year to 30 Jun 2018






Net operating income before loan impairment charges and other

credit risk provisions

12

10,668


9,170


964


534


-  net interest income


7,389


6,408


983


(2

)

-  net fee income/(expense)


2,703


2,469


(300

)

534


-  other income


576


293


281


2


ECL


(514

)

(515

)

1


-


Net operating income


10,154


8,655


965


534


Total operating expenses


(6,583

)

(6,027

)

(208

)

(348

)

Operating profit


3,571


2,628


757


186


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


17


-


17


-


Profit before tax


3,588


2,628


774


186


 




RBWM - summary (adjusted basis) (continued)

 



Consists of



Total

RBWM

Banking

operations

Insurance manufacturing

Asset

management


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

Half-year to 31 Dec 2018






Net operating income before loan impairment charges and other

credit risk provisions

12

10,834


9,502


824


508


-  net interest income


8,135


7,087


1,050


(2

)

-  net fee income/(expense)


2,396


2,169


(271

)

498


-  other income


303


246


45


12


ECL


(634

)

(631

)

(3

)

-


Net operating income


10,200


8,871


821


508


Total operating expenses


(6,772

)

(6,163

)

(252

)

(357

)

Operating profit


3,428


2,708


569


151


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


17


2


15


-


Profit before tax


3,445


2,710


584


151


For footnotes, see page 48.

RBWM insurance manufacturing adjusted revenue of $1,459m (1H18: $964m, 2H18: $824m) was disclosed within the management view of adjusted revenue on page 11, as follows: Wealth Management $1,383m (1H18: $899m, 2H18: $732m) and Other $76m (1H18: $65m, 2H18 $92m).

 



RBWM Insurance manufacturing adjusted results

The following table shows the results of our insurance manufacturing operations by income statement line item. It shows

the results of insurance manufacturing operations for RBWM and for all global business segments in aggregate, and separately the insurance distribution income earned by HSBC bank channels.


Adjusted results of insurance manufacturing operations and insurance distribution income earned by HSBC bank channels29



Half-year to



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018



RBWM

All global businesses

RBWM

All global businesses

RBWM

All global businesses


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Net interest income


1,042


1,128


983


1,065


1,050


1,140


Net fee income


(376

)

(415

)

(300

)

(304

)

(271

)

(256

)

- fee income


50


62


95


146


86


128


- fee expense


(426

)

(477

)

(395

)

(450

)

(357

)

(384

)

Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis


(68

)

(64

)

(13

)

64


82


128


Net income/(expense) from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss


2,244


2,244


(187

)

(265

)

(1,289

)

(1,295

)

Gains less losses from financial investments


1


3


41


40


17


17


Net insurance premium income


5,860


6,355


5,305


5,667


4,777


4,906


Other operating income


921


955


355


402


355


361


Of which: PVIF


876


912


329


361


309


679


Total operating income


9,624


10,206


6,184


6,669


4,721


5,001


Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders


(8,165

)

(8,653

)

(5,220

)

(5,551

)

(3,897

)

(4,100

)

Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges


1,459


1,553


964


1,118


824


901


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges


(2

)

(2

)

1


1


(3

)

(3

)

Net operating income


1,457


1,551


965


1,119


821


898


Total operating expenses


(246

)

(241

)

(208

)

(219

)

(252

)

(264

)

Operating profit


1,211


1,310


757


900


569


634


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


36


27


17


17


15


15


Profit before tax of insurance manufacturing operations

30

1,247


1,337


774


917


584


649


Annualised new business premiums of insurance manufacturing operations


1,931


2,000


1,751


1,812


1,406


1,423


Insurance distribution income earned by HSBC bank channels


505


581


501


577


424


464


For footnotes, see page 48.


Insurance manufacturing

The following commentary, unless otherwise specified, relates to the 'All global businesses' results.

HSBC recognises the present value of long-term in-force insurance contracts and investment contracts with discretionary participation features ('PVIF') as an asset on the balance sheet. The overall balance sheet equity, including PVIF, is therefore a measure of the embedded value in the insurance manufacturing entities, and the movement in this embedded value in the period drives the overall income statement result.

Adjusted profit before tax of $1.3bn increased by $0.4bn or 46% compared with 1H18.

Adjusted revenue was $0.4bn or 39% higher than in 1H18. This reflected the following:

•    'Net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss' of $2.2bn in 1H19 compared with a net expense of $0.3bn in 1H18, primarily due to favourable equity market performances in Hong Kong, France and Singapore. This positive movement resulted in a corresponding movement in liabilities to policyholders and PVIF (see 'Other operating income' below), reflecting the extent to which policyholders participate in the investment performance of the associated asset portfolios.

•    Net insurance premium income of $6.4bn was $0.7bn higher compared with 1H18. This was driven by higher new business volumes, particularly in Hong Kong and France, partly offset by higher reinsurance premiums ceded in Hong Kong.

•    Other operating income of $1.0bn increased by $0.6bn compared with 1H18, mainly from favourable movements in PVIF. This reflected an increase in assumption changes and experience variances of $0.5bn, primarily in Hong Kong due to the effect of interest rate changes on the valuation of the liabilities under insurance contracts, and a $0.1bn increase of the value of new business written in 1H19 compared with 1H18.

•    Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders of $8.7bn were $3.1bn higher than 1H18. This was primarily due to higher returns on financial assets supporting contracts where the policyholder is subject to part or all of the investment risk. The increase also reflected the impact of higher new business volumes in Hong Kong and France, partly offset by higher reinsurance ceded in Hong Kong.

Adjusted operating expenses of $0.2bn increased by $22m or 10% compared with 1H18, reflecting investment in core insurance functions and capabilities, including preparation for the implementation of IFRS 17 'Insurance Contracts'.

Annualised new business premiums ('ANP') is used to assess new insurance premium generation by the business. It is calculated as 100% of annualised first year regular premiums and 10% of single premiums, before reinsurance ceded. Growth in ANP during the period reflected new business growth, mainly in Hong Kong and France.

Insurance distribution income from HSBC channels included $382m (1H18: $365m; 2H18: $288m) on HSBC manufactured products, for which a corresponding fee expense is recognised within insurance manufacturing, and $199m (1H18: $212m; 2H18: $177m) on products manufactured by third-party providers. The RBWM component of this distribution income was $329m (1H18: $314m; 2H18: $268m) from HSBC manufactured products and $176m (1H18: $187m; 2H18: $156m) from third-party products.



Asset Management: Funds under management

The following table shows the funds under management of our Asset Management business. Funds under management represents assets managed either actively or passively, on behalf of our customers.

Asset Management - reported funds under management


Half-year to


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$bn

$bn

$bn

Opening balance

444


462


456


Net new money

31


4


4


Value change

20


(4

)

(10

)

Exchange and other

-


(6

)

(6

)

Closing balance

495


456


444






Asset Management - reported funds under management by geography


At


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$bn

$bn

$bn

Europe

271


246


235


Asia

178


167


164


MENA

2


2


2


North America

37


34


36


Latin America

7


7


7


Closing balance

495


456


444




GPB client assets


For GPB, a key measure of business performance is client assets, which is presented below.

GPB - reported client assets




Half-year to



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018



$bn

$bn

$bn

Opening balance


309


330


330


Net new money


14


6


3


Value change


15


(3

)

(14

)

Exchange and other


3


(3

)

-


Closing balance


341


330


309


 

GPB - reported client assets by geography


At


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$bn

$bn

$bn

Europe

160


161


149


Asia

143


131


124


North America

38


38


36


Closing balance

341


330


309


 




Geographical regions


Page

Analysis of reported results by geographical regions

42

Reconciliation of reported and adjusted items - geographical regions

44

Analysis by country

50

 

Analysis of reported results by geographical regions

 

HSBC reported profit/(loss) before tax and balance sheet data



Half-year to 30 Jun 2019



Europe

Asia

MENA

North America

Latin America

Intra-HSBC
items

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Net interest income


3,309


8,182


897


1,685


1,076


91


15,240


Net fee income


1,869


2,765


326


903


261


-


6,124


Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis

 


1,837


2,352


175


412


403


152


5,331


Net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss

 


1,056


1,117


-


-


23


-


2,196


Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss

 


596


14


1


15


75


(244

)

457


Other income

31

585


1,029


844


350


62


(2,846

)

24


Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

12

9,252


15,459


2,243


3,365


1,900


(2,847

)

29,372


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

 


(536

)

(260

)

(49

)

(60

)

(235

)

-


(1,140

)

Net operating income


8,716


15,199


2,194


3,305


1,665


(2,847

)

28,232


Total operating expenses


(9,244

)

(6,490

)

(694

)

(2,559

)

(1,009

)

2,847


(17,149

)

Operating profit/(loss)


(528

)

8,709


1,500


746


656


-


11,083


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


8


1,071


236


-


9


-


1,324


Profit/(loss) before tax


(520

)

9,780


1,736


746


665


-


12,407




%

%

%

%

%


%

Share of HSBC's profit before tax


(4.2

)

78.8


14.0


6.0


5.4



100.0


Cost efficiency ratio


99.9


42.0


30.9


76.0


53.1



58.4


Balance sheet data


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers (net)


383,363


473,627


28,509


112,693


23,440


-


1,021,632


Total assets


1,235,615


1,101,387


61,771


436,742


53,919


(138,161

)

2,751,273


Customer accounts


504,386


677,289


36,593


135,400


26,456


-


1,380,124


Risk-weighted assets

32

309,378


371,747


57,530


133,448


40,254



885,971













Half-year to 30 Jun 2018

Net interest income


3,527


7,821


864


1,747


1,039


102


15,100


Net fee income


2,110


3,139


320


930


268


-


6,767


Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis

 


1,926


1,981


147


456


384


(11

)

4,883


Net expense from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss

 


(141

)

(79

)

-


-


(2

)

-


(222

)

Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss

 


424


(16

)

(1

)

19


10


(91

)

345


Other income/(expense)

31

1,025


1,666


26


260


(103

)

(2,460

)

414


Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

12

8,871


14,512


1,356


3,412


1,596


(2,460

)

27,287


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges/(recoveries)


(187

)

(116

)

(103

)

234


(235

)

-


(407

)

Net operating income


8,684


14,396


1,253


3,646


1,361


(2,460

)

26,880


Total operating expenses


(8,592

)

(6,110

)

(686

)

(3,604

)

(1,017

)

2,460


(17,549

)

Operating profit


92


8,286


567


42


344


-


9,331


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


18


1,094


269


-


-


-


1,381


Profit before tax


110


9,380


836


42


344


-


10,712




%

%

%

%

%


%

Share of HSBC's profit before tax


1.0


87.6


7.8


0.4


3.2



100.0


Cost efficiency ratio


96.9


42.1


50.6


105.6


63.7



64.3


Balance sheet data


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers (net)


374,264


445,692


29,106


104,361


20,020


-


973,443


Total assets


1,198,988


1,042,326


57,336


417,317


48,201


(156,854

)

2,607,314


Customer accounts


507,066


656,620


34,207


135,736


22,678


-


1,356,307


Risk-weighted assets

32

301,253


363,977


58,043


132,970


36,991


-


865,467


 



HSBC reported profit/(loss) before tax and balance sheet data (continued)



Half-year to 31 Dec 2018



Europe

Asia

MENA

North America

Latin

America

Intra-HSBC

items

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Net interest income


3,314


8,287


899


1,774


981


134


15,389


Net fee income


1,886


2,537


287


924


230


(11

)

5,853


Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis

 


2,016


2,153


138


272


352


(283

)

4,648


Net income/(expense) from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss

 


(648

)

(638

)

-


-


20


-


(1,266

)

Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss

 


177


(10

)

-


17


17


149


350


Other income/(expense)

31

2,088


1,943


7


326


(134

)

(2,711

)

1,519


Net operating income before change in the expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges

12

8,833


14,272


1,331


3,313


1,466


(2,722

)

26,493


Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges


(422

)

(486

)

(106

)

(11

)

(335

)

-


(1,360

)

Net operating income


8,411


13,786


1,225


3,302


1,131


(2,722

)

25,133


Total operating expenses


(9,342

)

(6,356

)

(671

)

(2,545

)

(918

)

2,722


(17,110

)

Operating profit/(loss)


(931

)

7,430


554


757


213


-


8,023


Share of profit in associates and joint ventures


6


980


167


-


2


-


1,155


Profit/(loss) before tax


(925

)

8,410


721


757


215


-


9,178




%

%

%

%

%


%

Share of HSBC's profit before tax


(10.1

)

91.7


7.9


8.2


2.3



100.0


Cost efficiency ratio


105.8


44.5


50.4


76.8


62.6



64.6


Balance sheet data


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers (net)


373,073


450,545


28,824


108,146


21,108


-


981,696


Total assets


1,150,235


1,047,636


57,455


390,410


51,923


(139,535

)

2,558,124


Customer accounts


503,154


664,824


35,408


133,291


25,966


-


1,362,643


Risk-weighted assets

32

298,056


363,894


56,689


131,582


38,341


-


865,318


For footnotes, see page 48.






Reconciliation of reported and adjusted items - geographical regions

 

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories



Half-year to 30 Jun 2019



Europe

Asia

MENA

North
America

Latin
America

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12







Reported

33

9,252


15,459


2,243


3,365


1,900


29,372


Significant items


(107

)

40


(828

)

8


10


(877

)

-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


(828

)

-


1


(827

)

-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

(107

)

40


-


8


9


(50

)

Adjusted

33

9,145


15,499


1,415


3,373


1,910


28,495


ECL








Reported


(536

)

(260

)

(49

)

(60

)

(235

)

(1,140

)

Adjusted


(536

)

(260

)

(49

)

(60

)

(235

)

(1,140

)

Operating expenses








Reported

33

(9,244

)

(6,490

)

(694

)

(2,559

)

(1,009

)

(17,149

)

Significant items


888


47


5


34


12


986


-  costs of structural reform

28

90


1


-


-


-


91


-  customer redress programmes


610


-


-


-


-


610


-  restructuring and other related costs


189


47


5


34


12


287


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


(1

)

(1

)

-


-


-


(2

)

Adjusted

33

(8,356

)

(6,443

)

(689

)

(2,525

)

(997

)

(16,163

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures








Reported


8


1,071


236


-


9


1,324


Adjusted


8


1,071


236


-


9


1,324


Profit/(loss) before tax








Reported


(520

)

9,780


1,736


746


665


12,407


Significant items


781


87


(823

)

42


22


109


-  revenue


(107

)

40


(828

)

8


10


(877

)

-  operating expenses


888


47


5


34


12


986


Adjusted


261


9,867


913


788


687


12,516


Loans and advances to customers (net)








Reported


383,363


473,627


28,509


112,693


23,440


1,021,632


Adjusted


383,363


473,627


28,509


112,693


23,440


1,021,632


Customer accounts








Reported


504,386


677,289


36,593


135,400


26,456


1,380,124


Adjusted


504,386


677,289


36,593


135,400


26,456


1,380,124



For footnotes, see page 48.

 

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)



Half-year to 30 Jun 2019



UK

Hong
Kong

Mainland China

US

Mexico


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12






Reported


6,758


9,935


1,598


2,398


1,271


Significant items


(110

)

29


1


7


7


-  fair value movement on financial instruments

27

(110

)

29


1


7


7


Adjusted


6,648


9,964


1,599


2,405


1,278


ECL







Reported


(429

)

(134

)

(67

)

(36

)

(198

)

Adjusted


(429

)

(134

)

(67

)

(36

)

(198

)

Operating expenses







Reported


(7,590

)

(3,405

)

(1,038

)

(1,989

)

(686

)

Significant items


810


21


2


26


5


-  costs of structural reform

28

59


1


-


-


-


-  customer redress programmes


610


-


-


-


-


-  restructuring and other related costs


142


21


2


26


5


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


(1

)

(1

)

-


-


-


Adjusted


(6,780

)

(3,384

)

(1,036

)

(1,963

)

(681

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures







Reported


8


23


1,031


-


9


Adjusted


8


23


1,031


-


9


Profit/(loss) before tax







Reported


(1,253

)

6,419


1,524


373


396


Significant items


700


50


3


33


12


-  revenue


(110

)

29


1


7


7


-  operating expenses


810


21


2


26


5


Adjusted


(553

)

6,469


1,527


406


408


Loans and advances to customers (net)







Reported


291,955


304,431


42,657


67,039


20,135


Adjusted


291,955


304,431


42,657


67,039


20,135


Customer accounts







Reported


398,857


487,948


45,409


82,260


20,437


Adjusted


398,857


487,948


45,409


82,260


20,437


For footnotes, see page 48.



Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)



Half-year to 30 Jun 2018



Europe

Asia

MENA

North

America

Latin

America

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12







Reported

33

8,871


14,512


1,356


3,412


1,596


27,287


Currency translation

33

(618

)

(280

)

(38

)

(35

)

(234

)

(1,160

)

Significant items


145


(19

)

(1

)

96


33


254


-  customer redress programmes


(46

)

-


-


-


-


(46

)

-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


103


39


142


-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

187


(20

)

(2

)

(7

)

(6

)

152


-  currency translation on significant items


4


1


1


-


-


6


Adjusted

33

8,398


14,213


1,317


3,473


1,395


26,381


ECL








Reported


(187

)

(116

)

(103

)

234


(235

)

(407

)

Currency translation


13


6


12


(2

)

21


50


Adjusted


(174

)

(110

)

(91

)

232


(214

)

(357

)

Operating expenses








Reported

33

(8,592

)

(6,110

)

(686

)

(3,604

)

(1,017

)

(17,549

)

Currency translation

33

458


155


27


21


154


770


Significant items


197


1


-


966


-


1,164


-  costs of structural reform

28

209


2


-


-


-


211


-  customer redress programmes


100


-


-


-


-


100


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


3


-


-


-


-


3


-  restructuring and other related costs


21


-


-


3


-


24


-  settlement and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


(120

)

(2

)

-


963


-


841


-  currency translation on significant items


(16

)

1


-


-


-


(15

)

Adjusted

33

(7,937

)

(5,954

)

(659

)

(2,617

)

(863

)

(15,615

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures








Reported


18


1,094


269


-


-


1,381


Currency translation


(1

)

(66

)

-


-


-


(67

)

Adjusted


17


1,028


269


-


-


1,314


Profit before tax








Reported


110


9,380


836


42


344


10,712


Currency translation


(148

)

(185

)

1


(16

)

(59

)

(407

)

Significant items


342


(18

)

(1

)

1,062


33


1,418


-  revenue


145


(19

)

(1

)

96


33


254


-  operating expenses


197


1


-


966


-


1,164


Adjusted


304


9,177


836


1,088


318


11,723


Loans and advances to customers (net)








Reported


374,264


445,692


29,106


104,361


20,020


973,443


Currency translation


(11,126

)

(1,940

)

(575

)

267


(602

)

(13,976

)

Adjusted


363,138


443,752


28,531


104,628


19,418


959,467


Customer accounts








Reported


507,066


656,620


34,207


135,736


22,678


1,356,307


Currency translation


(15,228

)

(652

)

(440

)

287


(787

)

(16,820

)

Adjusted


491,838


655,968


33,767


136,023


21,891


1,339,487



For footnotes, see page 48.

 

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)



Half-year to 30 Jun 2018



UK

Hong
Kong

Mainland China

US

Mexico


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12






Reported


6,813


9,155


1,458


2,422


1,109


Currency translation


(476

)

(6

)

(89

)

-


(5

)

Significant items


147


7


-


97


(4

)

-  customer redress programmes


(46

)

-


-


-


-


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


103


-


-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

189


7


-


(6

)

(4

)

-  currency translation on significant items


4


-


-


-


-


Adjusted


6,484


9,156


1,369


2,519


1,100


ECL







Reported


(156

)

(20

)

(35

)

196


(195

)

Currency translation


11


-


3


-


1


Adjusted


(145

)

(20

)

(32

)

196


(194

)

Operating expenses







Reported


(6,768

)

(3,179

)

(948

)

(2,989

)

(645

)

Currency translation


340


2


59


-


2


Significant items


125


1


-


911


-


-  costs of structural reform

28

178


2


-


-


-


-  customer redress programmes


100


-


-


-


-


-  restructuring and other related costs


21


-


-


3


-


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


(164

)

(1

)

-


908


-


-  currency translation on significant items


(10

)

-


-


-


-


Adjusted


(6,303

)

(3,176

)

(889

)

(2,078

)

(643

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures







Reported


18


20


1,073


-


-


Currency translation


(1

)

-


(67

)

-


-


Adjusted


17


20


1,006


-


-


Profit/(loss) before tax







Reported


(93

)

5,976


1,549


(370

)

268


Currency translation


(126

)

(4

)

(94

)

-


(2

)

Significant items


272


8


-


1,008


(4

)

-  revenue


147


7


-


97


(4

)

-  operating expenses


125


1


-


911


-


Adjusted


53


5,980


1,455


638


262


Loans and advances to customers (net)







Reported


290,469


283,265


41,128


62,057


16,134


Currency translation


(9,668

)

1,346


(1,485

)

-


417


Adjusted


280,801


284,611


39,643


62,057


16,551


Customer accounts







Reported


404,129


477,728


42,100


84,541


17,784


Currency translation


(13,451

)

2,270


(1,521

)

-


460


Adjusted


390,678


479,998


40,579


84,541


18,244


For footnotes, see page 48.

 

 

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)



Half-year to 31 Dec 2018



Europe

Asia

MENA

North
America

Latin
America

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12







Reported

33

8,833


14,272


1,331


3,313


1,466


26,493


Currency translation

33

(44

)

28


8


(13

)

(54

)

(75

)

Significant items


(41

)

(17

)

-


1


(28

)

(85

)

-  customer redress programmes


(7

)

-


-


-


-


(7

)

-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


(5

)

-


-


-


(24

)

(29

)

-  fair value movements on financial instruments

27

(31

)

(18

)

1


(1

)

(3

)

(52

)

-  currency translation on significant items


2


1


(1

)

2


(1

)

3


Adjusted

33

8,748


14,283


1,339


3,301


1,384


26,333


ECL








Reported


(422

)

(486

)

(106

)

(11

)

(335

)

(1,360

)

Currency translation


(1

)

(4

)

(5

)

1


12


3


Adjusted


(423

)

(490

)

(111

)

(10

)

(323

)

(1,357

)

Operating expenses








Reported

33

(9,342

)

(6,356

)

(671

)

(2,545

)

(918

)

(17,110

)

Currency translation

33

41


(24

)

(1

)

6


50


72


Significant items


465


14


-


9


-


488


-  costs of structural reform

28

143


7


-


-


-


150


-  customer redress programmes


46


-


-


-


-


46


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


49


-


-


-


-


49


-  past service costs of guaranteed minimum pension benefits equalisation


228


-


-


-


-


228


-  restructuring and other related costs


25


7


-


10


-


42


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


(27

)

2


-


-


-


(25

)

-  currency translation on significant items


1


(2

)

-


(1

)

-


(2

)

Adjusted

33

(8,836

)

(6,366

)

(672

)

(2,530

)

(868

)

(16,550

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures








Reported


6


980


167


-


2


1,155


Currency translation


1


11


-


-


-


12


Adjusted


7


991


167


-


2


1,167


Profit/(loss) before tax








Reported


(925

)

8,410


721


757


215


9,178


Currency translation


(3

)

11


2


(6

)

8


12


Significant items


424


(3

)

-


10


(28

)

403


-  revenue


(41

)

(17

)

-


1


(28

)

(85

)

-  operating expenses


465


14


-


9


-


488


Adjusted


(504

)

8,418


723


761


195


9,593


Loans and advances to customers (net)








Reported


373,073


450,545


28,824


108,146


21,108


981,696


Currency translation


(1,374

)

1,048


(86

)

1,676


141


1,405


Adjusted


371,699


451,593


28,738


109,822


21,249


983,101


Customer accounts








Reported


503,154


664,824


35,408


133,291


25,966


1,362,643


Currency translation


(1,716

)

1,717


(25

)

1,754


(36

)

1,694


Adjusted


501,438


666,541


35,383


135,045


25,930


1,364,337


For footnotes, see page 48.

 

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)



Half-year to 31 Dec 2018



UK

Hong
Kong

Mainland China

US

Mexico


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Revenue

12






Reported


6,784


9,076


1,430


2,319


1,185


Currency translation


(12

)

(6

)

15


-


15


Significant items


(35

)

(2

)

(1

)

-


(2

)

-  customer redress programmes


(7

)

-


-


-


-


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


-


-


-  fair value movement on financial instruments

27

(27

)

(2

)

(1

)

-


(3

)

-  currency translation on significant items


(1

)

-


-


-


1


Adjusted


6,737


9,068


1,444


2,319


1,198


ECL







Reported


(360

)

(194

)

(108

)

3


(268

)

Currency translation


1


-


(2

)

-


(4

)

Adjusted


(359

)

(194

)

(110

)

3


(272

)

Operating expenses







Reported


(7,734

)

(3,360

)

(972

)

(1,998

)

(658

)

Currency translation


9


2


(11

)

-


(8

)

Significant items


392


14


-


8


-


-  costs of structural reform

28

116


7


-


-


-


-  customer redress programmes


46


-


-


-


-


-  disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses


-


-


-


-


-


-  past service costs of guaranteed minimum pension benefits equalisation


228


-


-


-


-


-  restructuring and other related costs


18


7


-


8


-


-  settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters


(12

)

1


-


-


-


-  currency translation on significant items


(4

)

(1

)

-


-


-


Adjusted


(7,333

)

(3,344

)

(983

)

(1,990

)

(666

)

Share of profit in associates and joint ventures







Reported


7


16


960


-


-


Currency translation


-


(1

)

11


-


-


Adjusted


7


15


971


-


-


Profit/(loss) before tax







Reported


(1,303

)

5,538


1,310


324


259


Currency translation


(2

)

(5

)

13


-


3


Significant items


357


12


(1

)

8


(2

)

-  revenue


(35

)

(2

)

(1

)

-


(2

)

-  operating expenses


392


14


-


8


-


Adjusted


(948

)

5,545


1,322


332


260


Loans and advances to customers (net)







Reported


287,144


290,547


38,979


64,011


17,895


Currency translation


(1,055

)

865


55


-


438


Adjusted


286,089


291,412


39,034


64,011


18,333


Customer accounts







Reported


399,487


484,897


45,712


82,523


19,936


Currency translation


(1,471

)

1,443


64


-


493


Adjusted


398,016


486,340


45,776


82,523


20,429


For footnotes, see page 48.

 


Analysis by country

 

Profit/(loss) before tax by priority growth market within global businesses



Retail
Banking and 
Wealth
Management

Commercial
Banking

Global Banking
and Markets

Global Private
Banking

Corporate
Centre


 
Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Europe


(260

)

909


(172

)

(7

)

(990

)

(520

)

-  UK

34

(280

)

742


(220

)

(27

)

(1,468

)

(1,253

)

of which: HSBC Holdings

35

(265

)

(210

)

(219

)

(47

)

263


(478

)

-  France


7


88


(67

)

5


(28

)

5


-  Germany


6


8


30


2


7


53


-  Switzerland


-


2


(1

)

2


8


11


-  other


7


69


86


11


491


664


Asia


3,680


2,338


1,921


194


1,647


9,780


-  Hong Kong


3,448


1,703


853


186


229


6,419


-  Australia


53


49


82


(1

)

20


203


-  India


30


98


233


-


151


512


-  Indonesia


3


28


65


-


33


129


-  mainland China


-


172


226


(3

)

1,129


1,524


-  Malaysia


39


37


95


-


10


181


-  Singapore


60


54


114


11


29


268


-  Taiwan


25


14


47


-


4


90


-  other


22


183


206


1


42


454


Middle East and North Africa


112


166


374


2


1,082


1,736


-  Egypt


20


32


121


-


32


205


-  UAE


78


44


117


2


(37

)

204


-  Saudi Arabia


-


-


-


-


1,063


1,063


-  other


14


90


136


-


24


264


North America


(63

)

417


314


(6

)

84


746


-  US


(107

)

194


244


(6

)

48


373


-  Canada


13


205


52


-


30


300


-  other


31


18


18


-


6


73


Latin America


314


168


197


-


(14

)

665


-  Mexico


174


108


98


-


16


396


-  other


140


60


99


-


(30

)

269


Half-year to 30 Jun 2019


3,783


3,998


2,634


183


1,809


12,407










Europe


186


1,261


641


(61

)

(1,917

)

110


-  UK

34

185


1,082


473


3


(1,836

)

(93

)

of which: HSBC Holdings

35

(314

)

(193

)

(154

)

(44

)

(1,168

)

(1,873

)

-  France


(5

)

77


(15

)

6


(64

)

(1

)

-  Germany


8


39


54


5


(5

)

101


-  Switzerland


(1

)

2


-


(65

)

18


(46

)

-  other


(1

)

61


129


(10

)

(30

)

149


Asia


3,218


2,216


2,018


198


1,730


9,380


-  Hong Kong


3,067


1,621


915


177


196


5,976


-  Australia


48


56


83


-


31


218


-  India


2


77


187


-


169


435


-  Indonesia


(1

)

36


43


-


19


97


-  mainland China


(68

)

145


299


(2

)

1,175


1,549


-  Malaysia


61


39


93


-


20


213


-  Singapore


40


47


116


22


52


277


-  Taiwan


43


12


71


-


19


145


-  other


26


183


211


1


49


470


Middle East and North Africa


71


70


377


4


314


836


-  Egypt


11


38


99


-


20


168


-  UAE


60


33


159


4


(2

)

254


-  Saudi Arabia


-


-


-


-


269


269


-  other


-


(1

)

119


-


27


145


North America


(54

)

503


490


5


(902

)

42


-  US


(103

)

241


461


6


(975

)

(370

)

-  Canada


17


240


67


-


65


389


-  other


32


22


(38

)

(1

)

8


23


Latin America


91


99


199


-


(45

)

344


-  Mexico


103


56


103


-


6


268


-  other


(12

)

43


96


-


(51

)

76


Half-year to 30 Jun 2018


3,512


4,149


3,725


146


(820

)

10,712


For footnotes, see page 48.

 

Profit/(loss) before tax by priority growth market within global businesses (continued)



Retail

Banking and

Wealth

Management

Commercial

Banking

Global Banking

and Markets

Global Private

Banking

Corporate

Centre

 

 

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Europe


254


1,028


49


(61

)

(2,195

)

(925

)

-  UK

34

291


819


(64

)

20


(2,369

)

(1,303

)

of which: HSBC Holdings

35

(330

)

(235

)

(240

)

(33

)

280


(558

)

-  France


(51

)

93


23


10


(37

)

38


-  Germany


6


46


45


3


-


100


-  Switzerland


-


3


(1

)

(35

)

2


(31

)

-  other


8


67


46


(59

)

209


271


Asia


2,972


1,960


1,755


155


1,568


8,410


-  Hong Kong


2,884


1,493


755


156


250


5,538


-  Australia


67


64


102


(1

)

13


245


-  India


18


66


200


-


106


390


-  Indonesia


-


(23

)

48


-


(18

)

7


-  mainland China


(132

)

117


267


(2

)

1,059


1,309


-  Malaysia


69


43


39


-


10


161


-  Singapore


35


51


114


3


11


214


-  Taiwan


12


11


46


-


11


80


-  other


19


138


184


(1

)

126


466


Middle East and North Africa


111


38


356


3


213


721


-  Egypt


23


16


103


-


23


165


-  UAE


52


25


137


3


2


219


-  Saudi Arabia


-


-


-


-


167


167


-  other


36


(3

)

116


-


21


170


North America


(42

)

465


248


6


80


757


-  US


(102

)

232


163


17


13


323


-  Canada


38


215


72


-


51


376


-  other


22


18


13


(11

)

16


58


Latin America


75


79


179


(1

)

(117

)

215


-  Mexico


91


58


94


-


17


260


-  other


(16

)

21


85


(1

)

(134

)

(45

)

Half-year to 31 Dec 2018


3,370


3,570


2,587


102


(451

)

9,178


For footnotes, see page 48.


Footnotes to pages 5 to 47

1

Scale markets include Hong Kong, the UK, Mexico, the Pearl River Delta, Singapore, Malaysia, UAE and Saudi Arabia.

2

Wealth in Asia includes our asset management business in Asia, our insurance business in Asia, our GPB business in Asia and the wealth portion of our RBWM business in Asia.

3

Market shares for Hong Kong, the UK, Mexico, the Pearl River Delta, Singapore and Malaysia as of May 2019; Saudi Arabia as of April 2019; and UAE as of March 2019.

4

International network revenue includes transaction banking and international client revenue.

5

Transaction banking includes GLCM, GTRF, Securities Services and FX.

6

Customer recommendation provided by Kantar; Saudi Arabia is as of 1Q19; all markets compared with 2017.

7

Engagement in Saudi Arabia primarily through investment in The Saudi British Bank ('SABB'); held as an associate of HSBC.

 

8

Customer satisfaction provided by RFi Group for Hong Kong, the Pearl River Delta, Singapore, Malaysia, Mexico and UAE; UK provided by Charterhouse Research; Saudi Arabia provided by Kantar; UK is as of 1Q19, Mexico is as of 2018, Saudi Arabia is as of 1Q19; Saudi Arabia compared with 2018, all other markets compared with 2017.

9

ESG rating by Sustainalytics; new ratings methodology will replace its old methodology.

10

'Average performer' rating does not take into account the ESG Update published in April 2019.

11

'Other' mainly includes the distribution and manufacturing (where applicable) of retail and credit protection insurance.

12

Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as revenue.

13

'Markets products, Insurance and Investments and Other' includes revenue from Foreign Exchange, insurance manufacturing and distribution, interest rate management and global banking products.

14

'Other' in GB&M includes allocated funding costs and gains resulting from business disposals. Within the management view of total operating income, notional tax credits are allocated to the businesses to reflect the economic benefit generated by certain activities which is not reflected within operating income; for example, notional credits on income earned from tax-exempt investments where the economic benefit of the activity is reflected in tax expense. In order to reflect the total operating income on an IFRS basis, the offset to these tax credits is included within 'Other'.

15

Central Treasury includes revenue relating to BSM of $1.2bn (1H18: $1.2bn; 2H18:$1.2bn), interest expense of $645m (1H18: $588m; 2H18: $679m) and favourable valuation differences on issued long-term debt and associated swaps of $143m (1H18: loss of $365m; 2H18: gains of $51m). Revenue relating to BSM includes other internal allocations, including notional tax credits to reflect the economic benefit generated by certain activities, which are not reflected within operating income, such as notional credits on income earned from tax-exempt investments where the economic benefit of the activity is reflected in tax expense. In order to reflect the total operating income on an IFRS basis, the offset to these tax credits is included in other Central Treasury.

16

Half-year to 31 December 2018 is calculated on a full-year basis and not a 2H18 basis.

17

Net trading income includes the revenue of internally funded trading assets, while the related costs are reported in net interest income. In our global business results, the total cost of funding trading assets is included within Corporate Centre net trading income as an interest expense. In the statutory presentation, internal interest income and expenses are eliminated.

 

18

Gross interest yield is the average annualised interest rate earned on average interest-earning assets ('AIEA'). Cost of funds is the average annualised interest cost as a percentage on average interest-bearing liabilities.

 

19

Net interest spread is the difference between the average annualised interest rate earned on AIEA, net of amortised premiums and loan fees, and the average annualised interest rate payable on average interest-bearing funds.

 

20

Net interest margin is net interest income expressed as an annualised percentage of AIEA.

21

Interest income on trading assets is reported as 'Net income/(expense) from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis' in the consolidated income statement.

22

Interest income on financial assets designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value is reported as 'Net income/(expense) from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis' in the consolidated income statement.

23

'Financial liabilities designated at fair value - own debt issued' and 'Debt securities' lines have been merged into one new line; 'Debt Securities in issue - non-trading'. Interest expense on financial liabilities designated at fair value is reported as 'Net income/(expense) from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis' in the consolidated income statement, other than interest on own debt, which is reported in 'Interest expense'.

 

24

Interest expense on trading liabilities is reported as 'Net income/(expense) from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis' in the consolidated income statement.

25

Trading income also includes movements on non-qualifying hedges. These hedges are derivatives entered into as part of a documented interest rate management strategy for which hedge accounting was not, nor could be, applied. They are principally cross-currency and interest rate swaps used to economically hedge fixed-rate debt issued by HSBC Holdings. The size and direction of the changes in the fair value of non-qualifying hedges that are recognised in the income statement can be volatile from year to year, but do not alter the cash flows expected as part of the documented interest rate management strategy for both the instruments and the underlying economically hedged assets and liabilities if the derivative is held to maturity.

26

The 2018 period does not include the impact of right-of-use assets recognised under IFRS 16 beginning in 2019.

27

Fair value movements on financial instruments include non-qualifying hedges and debit value adjustments on derivatives.

28

Comprises costs associated with preparations for the UK's exit from the European Union, costs to establish the UK ring-fenced bank (including the UK ServCo group) and costs associated with establishing an intermediate holding company in Hong Kong.

29

The results presented for insurance manufacturing operations are shown before elimination of inter-company transactions with HSBC non-insurance operations.

30

The effect on the Insurance manufacturing operations of applying hyperinflation accounting in Argentina resulted in a reduction in adjusted revenue in 1H19 of $8m (2H18: $29m) and a reduction in profit before tax ('PBT') in 1H19 of $9m (2H18: $27m). These effects are recorded in 'all global businesses' within Corporate Centre.

31

Other income in this context comprises where applicable net income/expense from other financial instruments designated at fair value, gains less losses from financial investments, dividend income, net insurance premium income and other operating income less net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders.

32

RWAs are non-additive across geographical regions due to market risk diversification effects within the Group.

33

Amounts are non-additive across geographical regions and global businesses due to inter-company transactions within the Group.

34

UK includes results from the ultimate holding company, HSBC Holdings plc, and the separately incorporated group of service companies ('ServCo Group').

35

Excludes intra-Group dividend income.

 


Risk


Page

Areas of special interest

53

Key developments in the first half of 2019

53

Credit risk profile

53

Liquidity and funding risk profile

75

Market risk profile

78

Operational risk profile

82

Insurance manufacturing operations risk profile

82


A summary of our current policies and practices regarding the management of risk is set out in the 'Risk management' section on pages 73 to 88 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.


Areas of special interest

During

1H19

, a number of areas were considered as part of our top and emerging risks because of the effect they have on the Group. We placed particular focus on the UK's withdrawal from the European Union ('EU') in this section.


Process of UK withdrawal from the EU

The UK was due to leave the EU on 29 March 2019, but after agreeing an extension it is now due to leave by 31 October 2019. Before then, a Withdrawal Agreement under Article 50 will need to be approved by the UK and European parliaments. If an agreement is not approved by this date, the default legal position is that the UK will leave the EU without a deal, unless another extension is agreed with the EU. The terms of the UK's departure will be negotiated by new prime minister, Boris Johnson, after Theresa May announced her resignation in May 2019.

Once the UK has formally left the EU, a comprehensive trade deal will take several years to negotiate. A period of transition until 
31 December 2020 has been agreed between the UK and the EU, which can be extended by up to two years. However, there will be no legal certainty with respect to the transition period until this is enshrined in the Withdrawal Agreement.

Our programme to manage the impact of the UK leaving the EU was set up in 2017 and has now been broadly completed. It is based on the assumption of a scenario whereby the UK exits the EU without the existing passporting or regulatory equivalence framework that supports cross-border business being in place. Our focus has been on four main components: legal entity restructuring; product offering; customer migrations; and employees.

Legal entity restructuring

Our branches in seven European Economic Area ('EEA') countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Spain, Italy, Ireland and Czech Republic) relied on passporting out of the UK. We have worked on the assumption that passporting will no longer be possible following the UK's departure from the EU and therefore transferred our branch business to newly established branches of HSBC France, our primary banking entity authorised in the EU. This was completed in the first quarter of 2019.

Product offering

To accommodate for customer migrations and new business after the UK's departure from the EU, we expanded and enhanced our existing product offering in France, the Netherlands and Ireland.

Customer migrations

The UK's departure from the EU is likely to have an impact on our customers' operating models, including their working capital requirements, investment decisions and financial markets infrastructure access. Our priority is to provide continuity of service, and while our intention is to minimise the level of change for our customers, we will be required to migrate some EEA-incorporated customers from the UK to HSBC France, or another EEA entity. Customer migrations are ongoing and we are working in close collaboration with our customers to make the transition as smooth as possible.

Employees

The migration of EEA-incorporated customers will require us to strengthen our local teams in the EU, and France in particular.

We are also providing support to our UK employees resident in EEA countries and EEA employees resident in the UK, such as on settlement applications.

Across the programme, we have made good progress in terms of ensuring we are prepared for the UK leaving the EU. However, there remain execution risks, many of them linked to the uncertain political environment and customers wanting to wait for as long as possible before they migrate to HSBC France or another EU entity.


Key developments in the first half of 2019

There were no material changes to the policies and practices for the management of risk, as described in the

Annual Report and Accounts

2018

. In

1H19

, we continued to enhance our risk management in the following areas:

•    We continued to strengthen the controls that manage our operational risks, as described on page 73 under 'Operational risk profile'.

•    We continued to strengthen our management of conduct and embed conduct considerations as a key part of risk management across the Group. For further information on initiatives implemented in 1H19 to raise our standards in relation to the conduct of our business, see page 73 under 'Conduct of business'.

•    We continued to implement the final elements of our Global Standards programme to integrate our anti-money laundering and sanctions capabilities into our day-to-day operations.

•    We continued to enhance our financial crime risk management capabilities and the effectiveness of our financial crime controls. We are maintaining our investment in the next generation of tools to fight financial crime through the application of advanced analytics and artificial intelligence.


Credit risk profile

 


Page

Credit risk in the first half of 2019

54

Summary of credit risk

54

Measurement uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of ECL estimates

57

Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers

60

Credit quality of financial instruments

62

Personal lending

66

Wholesale lending

67

Supplementary information

70

Securitisation exposures and other structured products

74

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss if a customer or counterparty fails to meet an obligation under a contract. Credit risk arises principally from direct lending, trade finance and leasing business, but also from certain other products, such as guarantees and derivatives.

There were no material changes to the policies and practices for the management of credit risk in 1H19.

A summary of our current policies and practices for the management of credit risk is set out in 'Credit risk management' on page 79 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.


Credit risk in the first half of 2019

Gross loans and advances to customers of $1,030bn increased from $990bn at 31 December 2018. This increase included favourable foreign exchange movements of $1bn. Loans and advances to banks of $82bn increased from $72bn at 31 December 2018. This included favourable foreign exchange movements of $0.1bn.

The change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges ('ECL') in the income statement for the period was $1.1bn. For further details, see the financial summary on page 24.


Summary of credit risk

The following disclosure presents the gross carrying/nominal amount of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied and the associated allowance for ECL. The following tables analyse loans by industry sector and represent the concentration of exposures on which credit risk is managed.

The allowance for ECL decreased from $9.2bn at 31 December 2018 to $9.1bn at 30 June 2019.

The allowance for ECL at 30 June 2019 comprised $8.6bn in respect of assets held at amortised cost, $0.4bn in respect of loan commitments and financial guarantees, and $0.07bn in respect of debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income ('FVOCI').




Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied



At 30 Jun 2019

 At 31 Dec 2018



Gross carrying/nominal amount

Allowance for ECL1

Gross carrying/nominal amount

Allowance for ECL1


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost


1,030,152


(8,520

)

990,321


(8,625

)

-  personal


414,351


(2,972

)

394,337


(2,947

)

-  corporate and commercial


546,427


(5,381

)

534,577


(5,552

)

-  non-bank financial institutions


69,374


(167

)

61,407


(126

)

Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost


82,413


(16

)

72,180


(13

)

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost


653,554


(85

)

582,917


(55

)

-  cash and balances at central banks


171,091


(1

)

162,845


(2

)

-  items in the course of collection from other banks


8,673


-


5,787


-


-  Hong Kong Government certificates of indebtedness


36,492


-


35,859


-


-  reverse repurchase agreements - non-trading


233,079


-


242,804


-


-  financial investments


81,234


(20

)

62,684


(18

)

-  prepayments, accrued income and other assets

 

2

122,985


(64

)

72,938


(35

)

Total gross carrying amount on-balance sheet


1,766,119


(8,621

)

1,645,418


(8,693

)

Loans and other credit related commitments


629,891


(301

)

592,008


(325

)

-  personal


217,047


(16

)

207,351


(13

)

-  corporate and commercial


268,057


(277

)

271,022


(305

)

-  financial


144,787


(8

)

113,635


(7

)

Financial guarantees


21,290


(55

)

23,518


(93

)

-  personal


906


(1

)

927


(1

)

-  corporate and commercial


15,496


(51

)

17,355


(85

)

-  financial


4,888


(3

)

5,236


(7

)

Total nominal amount off-balance sheet

3

651,181


(356

)

615,526


(418

)



2,417,300


(8,977

)

2,260.944


(9,111

)









Fair value

Memorandum allowance for ECL4

Fair value

Memorandum allowance for
ECL4



$m

$m

$m

$m

Debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income

 


345,035


(74

)

343,110


(84

)

For footnotes, see page 75.



The following table provides an overview of the Group's credit risk by stage and industry, and the associated ECL coverage. The financial assets recorded in each stage have the following characteristics:

•    Stage 1: These financial assets are unimpaired and without a significant increase in credit risk for which a 12-month allowance for ECL is recognised.

•    Stage 2: A significant increase in credit risk has been experienced on these financial assets since initial recognition for which a lifetime ECL is recognised.

•    Stage 3: There is objective evidence of impairment and the financial assets are therefore considered to be in default or otherwise credit impaired for which a lifetime ECL is recognised.

•    POCI: Financial assets that are purchased or originated at a deep discount are seen to reflect the incurred credit losses on which a lifetime ECL is recognised.



Summary of credit risk (excluding debt instruments measured at FVOCI) by stage distribution and ECL coverage by industry sector at
30 June 2019


Gross carrying/nominal amount3


Allowance for ECL


ECL coverage %



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI5

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI5

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI5

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

%

%

%

%

%

 

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost

955,520


61,297


13,010


325


1,030,152


(1,329

)

(2,062

)

(4,969

)

(160

)

(8,520

)

0.1


3.4


38.2


49.2


0.8


-                     personal

394,533


15,114


4,704


-


414,351


(563

)

(1,242

)

(1,167

)

-


(2,972

)

0.1


8.2


24.8


-


0.7


-                     corporate and commercial

493,523


44,560


8,019


325


546,427


(707

)

(802

)

(3,712

)

(160

)

(5,381

)

0.1


1.8


46.3


49.2


1.0


-                      non-bank financial institutions

67,464


1,623


287


-


69,374


(59

)

(18

)

(90

)

-


(167

)

0.1


1.1


31.4


-


0.2


Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost

81,957


456


-


-


82,413


(14

)

(2

)

-


-


(16

)

-


0.4


-


-


-


Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

651,513


1,890


149


2


653,554


(32

)

(10

)

(43

)

-


(85

)

-


0.5


28.9


-


-


Loans and other credit-related commitments

607,086


21,982


818


5


629,891


(141

)

(112

)

(48

)

-


(301

)

-


0.5


5.9


-


-


-                     personal

214,400


2,283


364


-


217,047


(14

)

(2

)

-


-


(16

)

-


0.1


-


-


-


-                     corporate and commercial

249,318


18,282


452


5


268,057


(121

)

(108

)

(48

)

-


(277

)

-


0.6


10.6


-


0.1


-                     financial

143,368


1,417


2


-


144,787


(6

)

(2

)

-


-


(8

)

-


0.1


-


-


-


Financial guarantees

18,676


2,423


188


3


21,290


(20

)

(25

)

(10

)

-


(55

)

0.1


1.0


5.3


-


0.3


-                     personal

901


4


1


-


906


(1

)

-


-


-


(1

)

0.1


-


-


-


0.1


-                     corporate and commercial

13,155


2,155


183


3


15,496


(18

)

(24

)

(9

)

-


(51

)

0.1


1.1


4.9


-


0.3


-                     financial

4,620


264


4


-


4,888


(1

)

(1

)

(1

)

-


(3

)

-


0.4


25.0


-


0.1


At 30 Jun 2019

2,314,752


88,048


14,165


335


2,417,300


(1,536

)

(2,211

)

(5,070

)

(160

)

(8,977

)

0.1


2.5


35.8


47.8


0.4




Unless identified at an earlier stage, all financial assets are deemed to have suffered a significant increase in credit risk when they are 30 days past due ('DPD') and are transferred from stage 1 to stage 2. The following disclosure presents the ageing of stage 2 financial assets by those less than 30 and greater than 30 DPD and therefore presents those financial assets classified as stage 2 due to ageing (30 DPD) and those identified at an earlier stage (less than 30 DPD).


Stage 2 days past due analysis at 30 June 2019


Gross carrying amount

Allowance for ECL

ECL coverage %



Of which:

Of which:


Of which:

Of which:


Of which:

Of which:


Stage 2

1 to 29 DPD6

30 and > DPD6

Stage 2

1 to 29 DPD6

30 and > DPD6

Stage 2

1 to 29 DPD6

30 and > DPD6


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

%

%

%

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost

61,297


2,572


1,584


(2,062

)

(195

)

(218

)

3.4


7.6


13.8


-                      personal

15,114


1,798


1,160


(1,242

)

(168

)

(197

)

8.2


9.3


17.0


-                      corporate and commercial

44,560


773


417


(802

)

(27

)

(21

)

1.8


3.5


5.0


-                      non-bank financial institutions

1,623


1


7


(18

)

-


-


1.1


-


-


Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost

456


-


-


(2

)

-


-


0.4


-


-


Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

1,890


12


34


(10

)

-


-


0.5


-


-


For footnotes, see page 75.





Summary of credit risk (excluding debt instruments measured at FVOCI) by stage distribution and ECL coverage by industry sector at

31 December 2018


Gross carrying/nominal amount3


Allowance for ECL


ECL coverage %



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI5

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI5

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI5

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

%

%

%

%

%

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost

915,188


61,786


13,023


324


990,321


(1,276

)

(2,108

)

(5,047

)

(194

)

(8,625

)

0.1


3.4


38.8


59.9


0.9


-                      personal

374,681


15,075


4,581


-


394,337


(534

)

(1,265

)

(1,148

)

-


(2,947

)

0.1


8.4


25.1


-


0.7


-                      corporate and commercial

481,262


44,779


8,212


324


534,577


(698

)

(812

)

(3,848

)

(194

)

(5,552

)

0.1


1.8


46.9


59.9


1.0


-                      non-bank financial institutions

59,245


1,932


230


-


61,407


(44

)

(31

)

(51

)

-


(126

)

0.1


1.6


22.2


-


0.2


Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost

71,873


307


-


-


72,180


(11

)

(2

)

-


-


(13

)

-


0.7


-


-


-


Other financial assets

measured at amortised cost

581,118


1,673


126


-


582,917


(27

)

(6

)

(22

)

-


(55

)

-


0.4


17.5


-


-


Loans and other credit-related commitments

569,250


21,839


912


7


592,008


(143

)

(139

)

(43

)

-


(325

)

-


0.6


4.7


-


0.1


-                      personal

205,183


1,760


408


-


207,351


(12

)

(1

)

-


-


(13

)

-


0.1


-


-


-


-                      corporate and commercial

251,478


19,034


503


7


271,022


(126

)

(136

)

(43

)

-


(305

)

0.1


0.7


8.5


-


0.1


-                      financial

112,589


1,045


1


-


113,635


(5

)

(2

)

-


-


(7

)

-


0.2


-


-


-


Financial guarantees

20,884


2,334


297


3


23,518


(19

)

(29

)

(45

)

-


(93

)

0.1


1.2


15.2


-


0.4


-                      personal

920


3


4


-


927


(1

)

-


-


-


(1

)

0.1


-


-


-


0.1


-                      corporate and commercial

15,011


2,053


288


3


17,355


(16

)

(25

)

(44

)

-


(85

)

0.1


1.2


15.3


-


0.5


-                      financial

4,953


278


5


-


5,236


(2

)

(4

)

(1

)

-


(7

)

-


1.4


20.0


-


0.1


At 31 Dec 2018

2,158,313


87,939


14,358


334


2,260,944


(1,476

)

(2,284

)

(5,157

)

(194

)

(9,111

)

0.1


2.6


35.9


58.1


0.4






Stage 2 days past due analysis at 31 December 2018


Gross carrying amount

 

Allowance for ECL

 

ECL coverage %

 


Stage 2

Of which:

Of which:

Stage 2

Of which:

Of which:

Stage 2

Of which:

Of which:



1 to 29 
DPD6

30 and > DPD6


1 to 29 
DPD6

30 and > DPD6


1 to 29 
DPD6

30 and > DPD6


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

%

%

%

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost

61,786


2,554


1,914


(2,108

)

(204

)

(254

)

3.4


8.0


13.3


-                      personal

15,075


1,807


1,383


(1,265

)

(165

)

(220

)

8.4


9.1


15.9


-                      corporate and commercial

44,779


737


485


(812

)

(39

)

(34

)

1.8


5.3


7.0


-                      non-bank financial institutions

1,932


10


46


(31

)

-


-


1.6


-


-


Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost

307


-


-


(2

)

-


-


0.7


-


-


Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

1,673


10


26


(6

)

-


-


0.4


-


-


For footnotes, see page 75.



Measurement uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of ECL estimates

Expected credit loss ('ECL') impairment allowances recognised in the financial statements reflect the effect of a range of possible economic outcomes, calculated on a probability-weighted basis, based on the economic scenarios described below. The recognition and measurement of ECL involves the use of significant judgement and estimation. It is necessary to formulate multiple forward-looking economic forecasts and incorporate them into the ECL estimates. We use a standard framework to form economic scenarios to reflect assumptions about future economic conditions, supplemented with the use of management judgement, which may result in using alternative or additional economic scenarios and/or management adjustments.

Methodology

Our methodology in relation to the adoption and generation of economic scenarios is described on pages 94 and 95 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018. There have been no significant changes during the 1H19 period.

Description of consensus economic scenario

The economic assumptions presented in this section have been formed internally specifically for the purpose of calculating ECL.

The consensus Central scenario

Our Central scenario is of moderate growth over the forecast 3Q19-2Q24 period. Global GDP growth is expected to be 2.8% on average over the period, which is lower than the 4Q18 forecast. Global GDP growth is forecast at 2.6% in 2019, after which growth increases to reach 2.8% by 2020. Across our key markets, we note:

•    Average forecast rates of GDP growth over the 2019-2024 period are lower than those experienced in the recent past for all key economies except France. For the UK, this reflects expectations that the long-term impact of current economic uncertainty will be moderately adverse, while for China, it is consistent with the theme of ongoing rebalancing from an export-oriented economy to one with deeper domestic consumption.

•    The average unemployment rate over the projection horizon is expected to remain at or below the averages observed in the 2013-2017 period across all of our major markets.

•    Consumer price inflation is expected to be lower in 2019 across most of our key markets compared with 2018, and remains broadly consistent with central bank inflation targets over the projection period in these countries.

•    Major central banks are expected to adopt a cautious approach to adjusting their policy interest rates. Policy interest rates in advanced economies are expected to remain below their historical long-term averages over the five-year forecast horizon and the US Federal Reserve Board ('FRB') is expected to continue to reduce the size of its balance sheet. The Chinese central bank is expected to continue to rely on its toolkit of measures to control capital flows and manage domestic credit growth.

•    The West Texas Intermediate oil price is forecast to average $63 per barrel over the projection period.

The following tables describe key macroeconomic variables and the probabilities assigned in the consensus Central scenario at 
30 June 2019 and 31 December 2018.

 


Central scenario (average 3Q19-2Q24)


UK

France

Hong

Kong

Mainland

China

UAE

US

Canada

Mexico

GDP growth rate (%)

1.6


1.4


2.3


5.8


3.2


2.0


1.8


2.2


Inflation (%)

2.0


1.7


2.3


2.4


2.3


2.1


2.0


3.6


Unemployment (%)

4.5


7.7


3.0


4.0


2.1


4.1


6.1


3.7


Short-term interest rate (%)

1.0


(0.1

)

2.0


3.7


2.9


2.2


1.8


7.7


10-year Treasury bond yields (%)

2.5


1.7


3.1


N/A

N/A

3.0


2.4


7.7


House price growth (%)

2.9


1.7


3.7


5.5


(2.1

)

2.8


3.3


5.2


Equity price growth (%)

2.7


3.8


7.1


11.5


N/A

2.9


3.5


6.3


Probability (%)

50.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


 

Central scenario (average 2019-2023)


UK

France

Hong

Kong

Mainland

China

UAE

US

Canada

Mexico

GDP growth rate (%)

1.7


1.5


2.6


5.9


3.4


2.0


1.8


2.4


Inflation (%)

2.1


1.7


2.3


2.5


2.5


2.1


2.0


3.6


Unemployment (%)

4.5


7.8


3.1


4.0


2.1


4.0


6.1


3.7


Short-term interest rate (%)

1.2


0.2


2.6


4.0


3.2


2.8


2.5


8.0


10-year Treasury bond yields (%)

2.6


2.0


3.1


N/A

N/A

3.5


3.3


7.2


House price growth (%)

2.9


1.7


1.0


5.8


3.0


3.4


2.7


5.1


Equity price growth (%)

3.2


3.1


3.8


9.6


N/A

4.5


3.5


7.1


Probability (%)

50.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0


80.0



Upside and Downside scenarios

The Upside and Downside scenarios are generated at the year-end and are only updated during the year if economic conditions change significantly. Our Upside and Downside scenarios are described on pages 95 and 96 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018. There have been no significant changes to the scenarios over the first half of 2019. The probabilities attached to the Upside and Downside scenarios remain as in the Annual Report and Accounts 2018 with the exception of Hong Kong and mainland China where the consensus Downside scenario has been assigned a zero probability and the global trade Downside scenario has been assigned a probability of 10%. This scenario was re-calibrated in 2019.

Alternative Downside scenarios for the UK

A number of events occurred over the course of 2018 and the first half of 2019 that led management to re-evaluate the shape of the consensus distribution for the UK. Given the challenges facing economic forecasters in this environment, management was concerned that this distribution did not adequately represent downside risks for the UK. The high level of economic uncertainty that prevailed at the end of the first half of 2019, including the lack of progress in agreeing a clear plan for an exit from the EU and the uncertain performance of the UK economy after an exit, was a key factor in this consideration. In management's view, the extent of this uncertainty justifies the use of the following Alternative Downside scenarios, used in place of the consensus Downside, with the assigned probabilities:

Alternative Downside scenario 1 ('AD1'): Economic uncertainty could have a large impact on the UK economy, resulting in a long-lasting recession with a weak recovery. This scenario reflects the consequences of such a recession with an initial risk-premium shock and weaker long-run productivity growth. This scenario has been used with a 30% weighting.

Alternative Downside scenario 2 ('AD2'): This scenario reflects the  possibility that economic uncertainty could result in a deep cyclical shock, triggering a steep depreciation in sterling, a sharp increase in inflation and an associated monetary policy response. This represents a tail risk and has been assigned a 5% weighting.

Alternative Downside scenario 3 ('AD3'): This scenario reflects the possibility that the adverse impact associated with economic uncertainty currently in the UK could manifest over a far longer period of time with the worst effects occurring later than in the above two scenarios. This scenario is also considered a tail risk and has been assigned a 5% weighting.

The table below describes key macroeconomic variables and the probabilities for each of the Alternative Downside scenarios at 
30 June 2019 and 31 December 2018:

Average 3Q19-2Q24


Alternative Downside scenario 1

Alternative Downside scenario 2

Alternative Downside scenario 3

GDP growth rate (%)

0.5


(0.1

)

(0.7

)

Inflation (%)

2.2


2.4


2.7


Unemployment (%)

6.5


8.0


7.7


Short-term interest rate (%)

0.4


2.5


2.5


10-year Treasury bond yields (%)

1.9


4.0


4.0


House price growth (%)

(1.7

)

(3.4

)

(5.0

)

Equity price growth (%)

(1.2

)

(2.6

)

(7.8

)

Probability (%)

30.0


5.0


5.0


 

 

Average 2019-2023


Alternative Downside scenario 1

Alternative Downside scenario 2

Alternative Downside scenario 3

GDP growth rate (%)

0.5


(0.1

)

(0.7

)

Inflation (%)

2.2


2.4


2.7


Unemployment (%)

6.5


8.0


7.7


Short-term interest rate (%)

0.4


2.5


2.5


10-year Treasury bond yields (%)

1.8


4.0


4.0


House price growth (%)

(1.5

)

(3.3

)

(4.8

)

Equity price growth (%)

(0.9

)

(2.3

)

(7.5

)

Probability (%)

30.0


5.0


5.0


Global trade Downside scenario

Continued escalation of trade- and tariff-related tensions throughout 2018 and the first half of 2019 resulted in management modelling deeper effects of trade tensions than currently captured by the consensus Downside scenario for key Asia-Pacific economies. This alternative trade Downside scenario models a significant escalation in global tensions stemming from trade disputes. This escalation goes beyond increases in tariffs, and affects non-tariff barriers, cross-border investment flows and threats to the international trade architecture. This scenario assumes actions that lie beyond currently enacted and proposed tariffs and has been modelled as an alternative to the Downside scenario for these markets. This scenario has been assigned a 10% weight and has been used instead of the consensus Downside scenarios for eight Asia-Pacific markets, including our major markets of Hong Kong and mainland China. In management's judgement, the impact on the US and other countries is largely captured by the consensus Downside scenario.

The following tables describe key macroeconomic variables and the probability assigned to the alternative trade Downside scenario at 30 June 2019 and 31 December 2018.

Average 3Q19-2Q24


Hong Kong

Mainland China

GDP growth rate (%)

1.3


5.3


Inflation (%)

1.6


2.0


Unemployment (%)

4.7


4.3


Short-term interest rate (%)

1.0


2.9


10-year Treasury bond yields (%)

2.0


N/A

House price growth (%)

(3.0

)

2.9


Equity price growth (%)

(1.8

)

2.1


Probability (%)

10.0


10.0


 

Average 2019-2023


Hong Kong

Mainland China

GDP growth rate (%)

1.5


5.4


Inflation (%)

1.6


2.1


Unemployment (%)

4.7


4.3


Short-term interest rate (%)

1.0


3.1


10-year Treasury bond yields (%)

2.0


N/A

House price growth (%)

(2.0

)

2.9


Equity price growth (%)

(3.5

)

1.1


Probability (%)

5.0


5.0


How economic scenarios are reflected in the wholesale and retail calculation of ECL

Our methodology in relation to the adoption and generation of economic scenarios is described on page 97 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018. There have been no significant changes during the 1H19 period.

Effect of multiple economic scenarios on ECL

The ECL recognised in the financial statements reflect the combined effects of a range of probability-weighted outcomes calculated using economic scenarios mentioned above and management adjustments where required. The probability-weighted amount is typically a higher number than would result from using only the Central (most likely) economic scenario. Expected losses typically have a non-linear relationship to the many factors that influence credit losses, such that more favourable macroeconomic factors do not reduce defaults as much as less favourable macroeconomic factors increase defaults.

UK economic uncertainty

At 31 December 2018, three additional Downside scenarios were used in place of the UK consensus Downside scenario in order to adequately reflect downside risks in the UK. This resulted in the recognition of additional impairment allowances of $410m, comprising $160m for the retail portfolio and $250m for the wholesale portfolio, compared with those implied by consensus forecasts. This was an increase of $165m in the adjustment to the consensus position compared with 1 January 2018, reflecting the increased level of economic uncertainty in the UK.

Given ongoing political developments, there has been no further clarity on the terms or timelines of the UK's exit from the EU during the first half of 2019.

At 30 June 2019, the total amount of additional impairment allowances was $442m, comprising $161m for retail and $281m for wholesale, reflecting a $32m increase since the end of 2018.

Global trade tensions

At 31 December 2018, the Global trade Downside scenario for key Asia-Pacific economies was used in relation to global trade tensions. This resulted in an additional $40m of impairment allowances, comprising $10m in retail and $30m in wholesale.

Given continued escalation of the trade- and tariff-related tensions throughout the 1H19 period, management continued to incorporate a Global trade Downside scenario and increased the probability weighting to 10% (31 December 2018: 5% probability weighting). This resulted in additional impairment allowances of $85m as at 30 June 2019, comprising $18 million in retail and $67m in wholesale, an increase of $45m from 31 December 2018.

Economic scenarios sensitivity analysis of ECL estimates

Management assessed and considered the sensitivity estimate outcomes for both the retail and wholesale businesses as at 
30 June 2019 and determined that there was no material change from 31 December 2018, as presented on pages 98 and 99 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.


Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers

The following disclosure provides a reconciliation by stage of the Group's gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers, including loan commitments and financial guarantees. Movements are calculated on a quarterly basis and therefore fully capture stage movements between quarters. If movements were calculated on a year-to-date basis they would only reflect the opening and closing position of the financial instrument.

The transfers of financial instruments represent the impact of stage transfers upon the gross carrying/nominal amount and associated allowance for ECL.

The net remeasurement of ECL arising from stage transfers represents the increase or decrease due to these transfers, for example, moving from a 12-month (stage 1) to a lifetime (stage 2) ECL measurement basis. Net remeasurement excludes the underlying customer risk rating ('CRR')/probability of default ('PD') movements of the financial instruments transferring stage. This is captured, along with other credit quality movements in the 'changes in risk parameters - credit quality' line item.

Changes in 'New financial assets originated or purchased', 'assets derecognised (including final repayments)' and 'changes to risk parameters - further lending/repayments' represent the impact from volume movements within the Group's lending portfolio.




Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers including
loan commitments and financial guarantees


Non-credit impaired

Credit impaired



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

At 1 Jan 2019

1,511,839


(1,449

)

86,241


(2,278

)

14,232


(5,135

)

334


(194

)

1,612,646


(9,056

)

Transfers of financial instruments:

(11,425

)

(323

)

8,987


612


2,438


(289

)

-


-


-


-


-  transfers from stage 1 to stage 2

(47,211

)

204


47,211


(204

)

-


-


-


-


-


-


-  transfers from stage 2 to stage 1

36,137


(529

)

(36,137

)

529


-


-


-


-


-


-


-  transfers to stage 3

(574

)

21


(2,542

)

335


3,116


(356

)

-


-


-


-


-  transfers from stage 3

223


(19

)

455


(48

)

(678

)

67


-


-


-


-


Net remeasurement of ECL arising from transfer of stage

-


346


-


(352

)

-


(26

)

-


-


-


(32

)

New financial assets originated or purchased

250,306


(332

)

-


-


-


-


100


(22

)

250,406


(354

)

Asset derecognised (including final repayments)

(164,666

)

62


(9,844

)

226


(1,552

)

466


(19

)

9


(176,081

)

763


Changes to risk parameters - further lending/repayments

(23,759

)

137


(74

)

87


359


(192

)

(27

)

4


(23,501

)

36


Change in risk parameters - credit quality

-


42


-


(528

)

-


(1,259

)

-


(12

)

-


(1,757

)

Changes to models used for ECL calculation

-


4


-


31


-


3


-


-


-


38


Assets written off

-


-


-


-


(1,276

)

1,276


(54

)

54


(1,330

)

1,330


Credit-related modifications that resulted in derecognition

-


-


-


-


(211

)

111


-


-


(211

)

111


Foreign exchange

2,451


1


98


(1

)

(10

)

6


(2

)

1


2,537


7


Other

1,461


8


660


2


36


12


1


-


2,158


22


At 30 Jun 2019

1,566,207


(1,504

)

86,068


(2,201

)

14,016


(5,027

)

333


(160

)

1,666,624


(8,892

)

ECL income statement change for the period


259



(536

)


(1,008

)


(21

)


(1,306

)

Recoveries










201


Other










(31

)

Total ECL income statement change for the period










(1,136

)

 


At 30 Jun 2019

6 months ended 30 Jun 2019


Gross carrying/nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

ECL charge


$m

$m

$m

As above

1,666,624


(8,892

)

(1,136

)

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

653,554


(85

)

(9

)

Non-trading reverse purchase agreement commitments

97,122


-


-


Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied/Summary consolidated income statement

2,417,300


(8,977

)

(1,145

)

Debt instruments measured at FVOCI

345,035


(74

)

5


Total allowance for ECL/total income statement ECL charge for the period

n/a

(9,051

)

(1,140

)


As shown in the above table, the allowance for ECL for loans and advances to customers and banks and relevant loan commitments and financial guarantees decreased $164m during the period, from $9,056m at 31 December 2018 to $8,892m at 30 June 2019.

This decrease was primarily driven by:

•    $445m relating to volume movements, which included the ECL allowance associated with new originations, assets derecognised and further lending/repayments;

•    $1,330m of assets written off; and

•    foreign exchange and all other movements of $178m.

These decreases were partly offset by increases of:

•    $1,757m relating to underlying credit quality changes, including the credit quality impact of financial instruments transferring between stages; and

•    $32m relating to the net remeasurement impact of stage transfers.

The ECL charge for the period of $1,306m presented in the above table consisted of $1,757m relating to underlying credit quality changes, including the credit quality impact of financial instruments transferring between stage and $32m relating to the net remeasurement impact of stage transfers. This was partly offset by $445m relating to underlying net book volume movements and $38m in changes to models used for ECL calculation.



Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers including 
loan commitments and financial guarantees7


Non-credit impaired

Credit impaired



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Gross carrying/ nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

At 1 Jan 2018

1,446,857


(1,469

)

102,032


(2,406

)

15,083


(5,722

)

1,042


(242

)

1,565,014


(9,839

)

Transfers of financial instruments:

(8,747

)

(685

)

3,582


1,185


5,165


(500

)

-


-


-


-


-  transfers from stage 1 to stage 2

(84,181

)

319


84,181


(319

)

-


-


-


-


-


-


-  transfers from stage 2 to stage 1

77,325


(999

)

(77,325

)

999


-


-


-


-


-


-


-  transfers to stage 3

(2,250

)

35


(4,439

)

607


6,689


(642

)

-


-


-


-


-  transfers from stage 3

359


(40

)

1,165


(102

)

(1,524

)

142


-


-


-


-


Net remeasurement of ECL arising from transfer of stage

-


620


-


(605

)

-


(103

)

-


-


-


(88

)

Net new lending and further lending/repayments

126,868


(512

)

(16,162

)

564


(2,902

)

733


(587

)

42


107,217


827


Changes in risk parameters - credit quality

-


423


-


(1,087

)

-


(2,238

)

-


(51

)

-


(2,953

)

Changes to models used for ECL calculation

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


Assets written off

-


-


-


-


(2,568

)

2,552


(1

)

1


(2,569

)

2,553


Foreign exchange

(52,983

)

76


(2,863

)

99


(636

)

232


(26

)

6


(56,508

)

413


Other

(156

)

98


(348

)

(28

)

90


(89

)

(94

)

50


(508

)

31


At 31 Dec 2018

1,511,839


(1,449

)

86,241


(2,278

)

14,232


(5,135

)

334


(194

)

1,612,646


(9,056

)

ECL income statement change for the period


531



(1,128

)


(1,608

)


(9

)


(2,214

)

Recoveries










408


Others










(87

)

Total ECL income statement change for the period










(1,893

)

 


At 31 Dec 2018

12 months ended

31 Dec 2018


Gross carrying/nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

ECL charge


$m

$m

$m

As above

1,612,646


(9,056

)

(1,893

)

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

582,917


(55

)

21


Non-trading reverse purchase agreement commitments

65,381


-


-


Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied/Summary consolidated income statement

2,260,944


(9,111

)

(1,872

)

Debt instruments measured at FVOCI

343,110


(84

)

105


Total allowance for ECL/total income statement ECL charge for the period

n/a

(9,195

)

(1,767

)

For footnotes, see page 75.



Credit quality of financial instruments

We assess the credit quality of all financial instruments that are subject to credit risk. The credit quality of financial instruments is a point-in-time assessment of the probability of default ('PD'), whereas stages 1 and 2 are determined based on relative deterioration of credit quality since initial recognition. Accordingly, for non-credit-impaired financial instruments, there is no direct relationship between the credit quality assessment and stages 1 and 2, though typically the lower credit quality bands exhibit a higher proportion in stage 2.

The five credit quality classifications each encompass a range of granular internal credit rating grades assigned to wholesale and personal lending businesses and the external ratings attributed by external agencies to debt securities, as shown in the following table. Personal lending credit quality is disclosed based on a 12-month point-in-time PD adjusted for multiple economic scenarios. The credit quality classifications for wholesale lending are unchanged and are based on internal credit risk ratings.




Credit quality classification



Debt securities and other bills

Wholesale lending

Retail lending



External

credit rating

Internal

credit rating

12-month Basel probability of

default %

Internal

credit rating

12-month probability- weighted PD %

Quality classification







Strong


A- and above

CRR1 to CRR2

0.000-0.169

Band 1 and 2

0.000-0.500

Good


BBB+ to BBB-

CRR3

0.170-0.740

Band 3

0.501-1.500

Satisfactory


BB+ to B and unrated

CRR4 to CRR5

0.741-4.914

Band 4 and 5

1.501-20.000

Sub-standard


B- to C

CRR6 to CRR8

4.915-99.999

Band 6

20.001-99.999

Credit impaired


Default

CRR9 to CRR10

100.000


Band 7

100.000






Distribution of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied, by credit quality and stage allocation



Gross carrying/nominal amount

Allowance for ECL

Net



Strong

Good

Satisfactory

Sub-
standard

Credit impaired

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost


508,002


254,635


236,389


17,811


13,315


1,030,152


(8,520

)

1,021,632


-  stage 1


506,440


244,016


199,663


5,401


-


955,520


(1,329

)

954,191


-  stage 2


1,562


10,619


36,726


12,390


-


61,297


(2,062

)

59,235


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


13,010


13,010


(4,969

)

8,041


-  POCI


-


-


-


20


305


325


(160

)

165


Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost


72,050


5,970


4,379


14


-


82,413


(16

)

82,397


-  stage 1


71,984


5,959


4,002


12


-


81,957


(14

)

81,943


-  stage 2


66


11


377


2


-


456


(2

)

454


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


Other financial assets measured at amortised cost


580,508


47,817


24,785


293


151


653,554


(85

)

653,469


-  stage 1


580,215


47,266


23,901


131


-


651,513


(32

)

651,481


-  stage 2


293


551


884


162


-


1,890


(10

)

1,880


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


149


149


(43

)

106


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


2


2


-


2


Loan and other credit-related commitments


399,958


139,417


85,060


4,633


823


629,891


(301

)

629,590


-  stage 1


399,099


133,703


73,099


1,185


-


607,086


(141

)

606,945


-  stage 2


859


5,714


11,961


3,448


-


21,982


(112

)

21,870


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


818


818


(48

)

770


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


5


5


-


5


Financial guarantees


7,967


6,524


5,872


736


191


21,290


(55

)

21,235


-  stage 1


7,919


6,128


4,382


247


-


18,676


(20

)

18,656


-  stage 2


48


396


1,490


489


-


2,423


(25

)

2,398


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


188


188


(10

)

178


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


3


3


-


3


At 30 Jun 2019


1,568,485


454,363


356,485


23,487


14,480


2,417,300


(8,977

)

2,408,323


Debt instruments at FVOCI

8









- stage 1


314,678


13,140


10,821


-


-


338,639


(40

)

338,599


- stage 2


93


333


319


273


-


1,018


(34

)

984


- stage 3


-


-


-


-


184


184


-


184


- POCI


-


-


-


-


1


1


-


1


At 30 Jun 2019


314,771


13,473


11,140


273


185


339,842


(74

)

339,768


For footnotes, see page 75.





Distribution of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied, by credit quality and stage allocation

(continued)



Gross carrying/notional amount





Strong

Good

Satisfactory

Sub-standard

Credit impaired

Total

Allowance for ECL

 Net


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost


485,451


244,199


230,357


16,993


13,321


990,321


(8,625

)

981,696


-  stage 1


483,907


233,843


191,851


5,587


-


915,188


(1,276

)

913,912


-  stage 2


1,544


10,356


38,506


11,380


-


61,786


(2,108

)

59,678


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


13,023


13,023


(5,047

)

7,976


-  POCI


-


-


-


26


298


324


(194

)

130


Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost


60,249


7,371


4,549


11


-


72,180


(13

)

72,167


-  stage 1


60,199


7,250


4,413


11


-


71,873


(11

)

71,862


-  stage 2


50


121


136


-


-


307


(2

)

305


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


Other financial assets measured at amortised cost


514,848


44,724


23,019


200


126


582,917


(55

)

582,862


-  stage 1


514,525


44,339


22,184


70


-


581,118


(27

)

581,091


-  stage 2


323


385


835


130


-


1,673


(6

)

1,667


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


126


126


(22

)

104


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


Loan and other credit-related commitments


373,302


137,076


75,478


5,233


919


592,008


(325

)

591,683


-  stage 1


372,597


132,220


63,457


976


-


569,250


(143

)

569,107


-  stage 2


705


4,856


12,021


4,257


-


21,839


(139

)

21,700


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


912


912


(43

)

869


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


7


7


-


7


Financial guarantees


9,716


7,400


5,505


597


300


23,518


(93

)

23,425


-  stage 1


9,582


6,879


4,264


159


-


20,884


(19

)

20,865


-  stage 2


134


521


1,241


438


-


2,334


(29

)

2,305


-  stage 3


-


-


-


-


297


297


(45

)

252


-  POCI


-


-


-


-


3


3


-


3


At 31 Dec 2018


1,443,566


440,770


338,908


23,034


14,666


2,260,944


(9,111

)

2,251,833


Debt instruments at FVOCI

8









- stage 1


319,623


12,358


6,856


2,218


-


341,055


(33

)

341,022


- stage 2


9


96


354


340


-


799


(50

)

749


- stage 3


-


-


-


-


8


8


(1

)

7


- POCI


-


-


-


-


4


4


-


4


At 31 Dec 2018


319,632


12,454


7,210


2,558


12


341,866


(84

)

341,782


For footnotes, see page 75.



Renegotiated loans and forbearance

The following table shows the gross carrying amounts of the Group's holdings of renegotiated loans and advances to customers by industry sector and by stages. Wholesale renegotiated loans are classified as stage 3 until there is sufficient evidence to demonstrate a significant reduction in the risk of non-payment of future cash flows, observed over a minimum one-year period, and there are no other indicators of impairment. Personal renegotiated loans are deemed to remain credit impaired until repayment or derecognition.




Renegotiated loans and advances to customers at amortised cost by stage distribution


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Gross carrying amount






Personal

-


-


2,203


-


2,203


-  first lien residential mortgages

-


-


1,597


-


1,597


-  other personal lending

-


-


606


-


606


Wholesale

1,182


1,078


3,595


274


6,129


-  corporate and commercial

1,182


1,078


3,525


273


6,058


-  non-bank financial institutions

-


-


70


1


71


1,182


1,078


5,798


274


8,332


Allowance for ECL






Personal

-


-


(391

)

-


(391

)

-  first lien residential mortgages

-


-


(191

)

-


(191

)

-  other personal lending

-


-


(200

)

-


(200

)

Wholesale

(19

)

(45

)

(1,283

)

(109

)

(1,456

)

-  corporate and commercial

(19

)

(45

)

(1,252

)

(108

)

(1,424

)

-  non-bank financial institutions

-


-


(31

)

(1

)

(32

)

(19

)

(45

)

(1,674

)

(109

)

(1,847

)

 




Renegotiated loans and advances to customers at amortised cost by stage distribution (continued)


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Gross carrying amount






Personal

-


-


2,248


-


2,248


-  first lien residential mortgages

-


-


1,641


-


1,641


-  other personal lending

-


-


607


-


607


Wholesale

1,532


1,193


3,845


270


6,840


-  corporate and commercial

1,517


1,193


3,789


270


6,769


-  non-bank financial institutions

15


-


56


-


71


At 31 Dec 2018

1,532


1,193


6,093


270


9,088


Allowance for ECL






Personal

-


-


(381

)

-


(381

)

-  first lien residential mortgages

-


-


(186

)

-


(186

)

-  other personal lending

-


-


(195

)

-


(195

)

Wholesale

(29

)

(49

)

(1,461

)

(146

)

(1,685

)

-  corporate and commercial

(29

)

(49

)

(1,438

)

(146

)

(1,662

)

-  non-bank financial institutions

-


-


(23

)

-


(23

)

At 31 Dec 2018

(29

)

(49

)

(1,842

)

(146

)

(2,066

)

 

Renegotiated loans and advances to customers at amortised cost by geographical region




Europe

Asia

MENA

North America

Latin America

Total

UK

Hong Kong


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

At 30 Jun 2019

4,010


901


1,950


1,235


236


8,332


3,287


300


At 31 Dec 2018

4,533


864


1,973


1,352


366


9,088


3,609


305



Personal lending

This section provides further detail on the regions, countries and products driving the increase in personal loans and advances to customers. Additionally, Hong Kong and UK mortgage book loan-to-value ('LTV') data is provided.

Further product granularity is also provided by stage, with geographical data presented for loans and advances to customers, loan and other credit-related commitments, and financial guarantee and similar contracts.

At 30 June 2019, total personal lending for loans and advances to customers of $414bn increased by $20bn compared with 
31 December 2018. This increase included favourable exchange movements of $0.4bn. Excluding foreign exchange movements, there was growth of $19.6bn, primarily driven by $13.4bn in Asia and $5.4bn in Europe. The allowance for ECL attributable to personal lending, excluding off-balance sheet loan commitments and guarantees, increased by $25m.

Excluding foreign exchange movements, total personal lending was primarily driven by mortgage growth, which grew by $12.6bn. Mortgages grew in Asia by $8bn, notably $5.5bn in Hong Kong and $2bn in Australia, as a result of business growth initiatives. In Europe, mortgages grew by $4.4bn, notably $4.2bn in the UK, driven by stronger acquisition performance, including the expanded use of broker relationships.

The quality of both our Hong Kong and UK mortgage books remained high, with negligible defaults and impairment allowances. The average LTV ratio on new mortgage lending in Hong Kong was 49%, compared with an estimated 38% for the overall mortgage portfolio. The average LTV ratio on new lending in the UK was 68%, compared with an estimated 50% for the overall mortgage portfolio.

Excluding foreign exchange movements, other personal lending balances at 30 June 2019 increased by $7bn compared with 
31 December 2018. The increase was attributable to loans and overdrafts, which grew by $4.2bn in Hong Kong and $0.4bn in UK. Credit cards decreased by $0.5bn in Hong Kong.


Total personal lending for loans and advances to customers by stage distribution


Gross carrying amount


Allowance for ECL



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

By portfolio









First lien residential mortgages

296,998


6,335


3,029


306,362


(45

)

(66

)

(439

)

(550

)

- of which: interest only (including offset)

31,053


1,703


358


33,114


(6

)

(16

)

(89

)

(111

)

- affordability (including US adjustable rate   mortgages)

14,387


745


517


15,649


(4

)

(3

)

(8

)

(15

)

Other personal lending

97,535


8,779


1,675


107,989


(518

)

(1,176

)

(728

)

(2,422

)

-  other

74,558


4,530


1,140


80,228


(226

)

(459

)

(466

)

(1,151

)

-  credit cards

20,686


4,120


471


25,277


(286

)

(704

)

(245

)

(1,235

)

-  second lien residential mortgages

800


92


57


949


(1

)

(9

)

(12

)

(22

)

-  motor vehicle finance

1,491


37


7


1,535


(5

)

(4

)

(5

)

(14

)

At 30 Jun 2019

394,533


15,114


4,704


414,351


(563

)

(1,242

)

(1,167

)

(2,972

)

By geography









Europe

173,825


6,342


2,087


182,254


(110

)

(481

)

(452

)

(1,043

)

-                      of which: UK

142,516


4,993


1,346


148,855


(101

)

(452

)

(234

)

(787

)

Asia

169,111


5,588


722


175,421


(206

)

(329

)

(180

)

(715

)

-                      of which: Hong Kong

114,645


2,976


197


117,818


(72

)

(195

)

(37

)

(304

)

MENA

5,517


280


389


6,186


(58

)

(61

)

(256

)

(375

)

North America

39,463


1,925


1,227


42,615


(31

)

(91

)

(143

)

(265

)

Latin America

6,617


979


279


7,875


(158

)

(280

)

(136

)

(574

)

At 30 Jun 2019

394,533


15,114


4,704


414,351


(563

)

(1,242

)

(1,167

)

(2,972

)

 




Total personal lending for loans and other credit-related commitments and financial guarantees by stage distribution


Nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Europe

53,725


654


293


54,672


(9

)

(1

)

-


(10

)

of which: UK

50,939


554


290


51,783


(9

)

-


-


(9

)

Asia

139,171


1,280


3


140,454


-


-


-


-


of which: Hong Kong

108,303


359


-


108,662


-


-


-


-


MENA

3,260


52


54


3,366


(1

)

-


-


(1

)

North America

14,364


236


11


14,611


(1

)

(1

)

-


(2

)

Latin America

4,781


65


4


4,850


(4

)

-


-


(4

)

At 30 Jun 2019

215,301


2,287


365


217,953


(15

)

(2

)

-


(17

)

 

Total personal lending for loans and advances to customers by stage distribution


Gross carrying amount


Allowance for ECL



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

By portfolio









First lien residential mortgages

284,103


6,286


2,944


293,333


(41

)

(62

)

(432

)

(535

)

- of which: interest only (including offset)

31,874


1,324


338


33,536


(3

)

(13

)

(92

)

(108

)

- affordability (including US adjustable rate mortgages)

16,110


1,065


507


17,682


(3

)

(4

)

(5

)

(12

)

Other personal lending

90,578


8,789


1,637


101,004


(493

)

(1,203

)

(716

)

(2,412

)

-  other

67,196


4,400


1,121


72,717


(214

)

(435

)

(465

)

(1,114

)

-  credit cards

20,932


4,259


453


25,644


(272

)

(756

)

(233

)

(1,261

)

-  second lien residential mortgages

1,022


100


57


1,179


(2

)

(9

)

(13

)

(24

)

-  motor vehicle finance

1,428


30


6


1,464


(5

)

(3

)

(5

)

(13

)

At 31 Dec 2018

374,681


15,075


4,581


394,337


(534

)

(1,265

)

(1,148

)

(2,947

)

By geography









Europe

169,782


5,731


2,051


177,564


(105

)

(453

)

(450

)

(1,008

)

- of which: UK

139,237


4,308


1,315


144,860


(93

)

(421

)

(219

)

(733

)

Asia

155,661


5,413


693


161,767


(207

)

(353

)

(180

)

(740

)

- of which: Hong Kong

104,909


2,715


169


107,793


(71

)

(220

)

(39

)

(330

)

MENA

5,565


350


411


6,326


(61

)

(70

)

(263

)

(394

)

North America

38,283


2,552


1,186


42,021


(29

)

(90

)

(142

)

(261

)

Latin America

5,390


1,029


240


6,659


(132

)

(299

)

(113

)

(544

)

At 31 Dec 2018

 

374,681


15,075


4,581


394,337


(534

)

(1,265

)

(1,148

)

(2,947

)

 

Total personal lending for loans and other credit-related commitments and financial guarantees by stage distribution

 


Nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Europe

52,719


291


290


53,300


(7

)

-


-


(7

)

- of which: UK

50,195


224


285


50,704


(5

)

-


-


(5

)

Asia

131,333


1,034


1


132,368


-


-


-


-


- of which: Hong Kong

102,156


366


-


102,522


-


-


-


-


MENA

3,264


67


23


3,354


-


-


-


-


North America

14,469


312


94


14,875


(1

)

(1

)

-


(2

)

Latin America

4,318


59


4


4,381


(5

)

-


-


(5

)

At 31 Dec 2018

 

206,103


1,763


412


208,278


(13

)

(1

)

-


(14

)



Wholesale lending

This section provides further details on the regions, countries and products driving the increase in wholesale loans and advances to customers and banks, with the impact of foreign exchange separately identified. Product granularity is also provided by stage, with geographical data presented for loans and advances to customers, banks, other credit commitments, financial guarantees and similar contracts.

At 30 June 2019, wholesale lending for loans and advances to banks and customers of $698bn increased by $30bn since 
31 December 2018. This included favourable foreign exchange movements of $1bn.

Excluding foreign exchange movements, the total wholesale lending growth was driven by an $11bn increase in corporate and commercial balances and $10bn in loans and advances to banks. The primary drivers of the increase in corporate and commercial balances were $5.1bn in Asia, notably $2.9bn in mainland China  and $1.5bn in Singapore. Additionally, corporate and commercial balances in the US grew $3.3bn. The allowance for ECL is attributable to loans and advances to banks and customers of $5.6bn at 30 June 2019 decreased from $5.7bn at 31 December 2018.

 

 




Total wholesale lending for loans and advances to banks and customers by stage distribution


Gross carrying amount


Allowance for ECL



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Corporate and commercial

493,523


44,560


8,019


325


546,427


(707

)

(802

)

(3,712

)

(160

)

(5,381

)

-  agriculture, forestry and fishing

 

5,811


907


256


1


6,975


(17

)

(42

)

(124

)

-


(183

)

-  mining and quarrying

 

12,251


2,125


241


2


14,619


(25

)

(46

)

(109

)

(2

)

(182

)

-  manufacturing

97,484


10,753


1,394


122


109,753


(143

)

(172

)

(721

)

(84

)

(1,120

)

-  electricity, gas, steam and air-conditioning supply

 

12,755


1,454


169


-


14,378


(13

)

(43

)

(20

)

-


(76

)

-  water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation

 

3,192


175


22


-


3,389


(6

)

(3

)

(19

)

-


(28

)

-  construction

12,384


2,199


871


64


15,518


(20

)

(37

)

(456

)

(64

)

(577

)

-  wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

 

86,118


11,270


1,731


22


99,141


(113

)

(129

)

(999

)

(7

)

(1,248

)

-  transportation and storage

 

22,490


1,795


506


36


24,827


(42

)

(37

)

(91

)

(1

)

(171

)

-  accommodation and food

 

21,069


1,797


270


1


23,137


(46

)

(34

)

(111

)

(1

)

(192

)

-  publishing, audiovisual and broadcasting

 

20,456


1,291


166


-


21,913


(50

)

(24

)

(38

)

-


(112

)

-  real estate

121,684


6,266


1,421


1


129,372


(118

)

(85

)

(542

)

-


(745

)

-  professional, scientific and technical activities

 

22,022


991


328


-


23,341


(28

)

(32

)

(115

)

-


(175

)

-  administrative and support services

 

22,404


1,711


245


74


24,434


(36

)

(40

)

(160

)

(1

)

(237

)

-  public administration and defence, compulsory social security

 

1,196


188


-


-


1,384


(1

)

(6

)

-


-


(7

)

-  education

1,650


109


34


-


1,793


(9

)

(4

)

(8

)

-


(21

)

-  health and care

3,884


500


110


-


4,494


(11

)

(22

)

(36

)

-


(69

)

-  arts, entertainment and recreation

 

3,437


159


31


1


3,628


(7

)

(10

)

(15

)

-


(32

)

-  other services

13,474


587


212


1


14,274


(17

)

(21

)

(142

)

-


(180

)

-  activities of households

 

684


73


-


-


757


-


-


-


-


-


-  extra-territorial organisations and bodies activities

 

45


-


5


-


50


-


-


(1

)

-


(1

)

-  government

8,296


196


7


-


8,499


(5

)

(1

)

(5

)

-


(11

)

-  asset-backed securities

737


14


-


-


751


-


(14

)

-


-


(14

)

Non-bank financial institutions

67,464


1,623


287


-


69,374


(59

)

(18

)

(90

)

-


(167

)

Loans and advances to banks

81,957


456


-


-


82,413


(14

)

(2

)

-


-


(16

)

At 30 Jun 2019

642,944


46,639


8,306


325


698,214


(780

)

(822

)

(3,802

)

(160

)

(5,564

)

By geography











Europe

197,280


18,926


4,328


100


220,634


(393

)

(518

)

(1,546

)

(74

)

(2,531

)

-                      of which: UK

135,445


15,230


3,107


37


153,819


(326

)

(464

)

(969

)

(28

)

(1,787

)

Asia

336,810


15,587


1,453


156


354,006


(227

)

(115

)

(969

)

(36

)

(1,347

)

-                      of which: Hong Kong

205,362


7,182


680


65


213,289


(118

)

(46

)

(461

)

(34

)

(659

)

MENA

26,016


3,095


1,835


54


31,000


(58

)

(72

)

(982

)

(45

)

(1,157

)

North America

63,759


8,194


330


-


72,283


(41

)

(95

)

(106

)

-


(242

)

Latin America

19,079


837


360


15


20,291


(61

)

(22

)

(199

)

(5

)

(287

)

At 30 Jun 2019

642,944


46,639


8,306


325


698,214


(780

)

(822

)

(3,802

)

(160

)

(5,564

)

 

Total wholesale lending for loans and other credit-related commitments and financial guarantees by stage distribution10


Nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Corporate and commercial

262,473


20,437


635


8


283,553


(139

)

(132

)

(57

)

-


(328

)

Financial

147,988


1,681


6


-


149,675


(7

)

(3

)

(1

)

-


(11

)

At 30 Jun 2019

410,461


22,118


641


8


433,228


(146

)

(135

)

(58

)

-


(339

)

By geography











Europe

222,268


8,827


532


8


231,635


(79

)

(47

)

(38

)

-


(164

)

- of which: UK

78,553


4,930


284


5


83,772


(64

)

(39

)

(28

)

-


(131

)

Asia

65,053


2,561


20


-


67,634


(40

)

(16

)

(11

)

-


(67

)

- of which: Hong Kong

29,748


853


6


-


30,607


(12

)

(3

)

(9

)

-


(24

)

MENA

5,580


703


15


-


6,298


(5

)

(7

)

(3

)

-


(15

)

North America

114,802


9,987


72


-


124,861


(19

)

(65

)

(6

)

-


(90

)

Latin America

2,758


40


2


-


2,800


(3

)

-


-


-


(3

)

At 30 Jun 2019

410,461


22,118


641


8


433,228


(146

)

(135

)

(58

)

-


(339

)

For footnotes, see page 75.




Total wholesale lending for loans and advances to banks and customers by stage distribution


Gross carrying amount


Allowance for ECL



Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Corporate and commercial

481,262


44,779


8,212


324


534,577


(698

)

(812

)

(3,848

)

(194

)

(5,552

)

-  agriculture, forestry and fishing

 

5,361


1,102


236


2


6,701


(15

)

(34

)

(117

)

(1

)

(167

)

-  mining and quarrying

 

12,094


1,717


359


2


14,172


(29

)

(51

)

(94

)

(2

)

(176

)

-  manufacturing

92,606


11,404


1,569


125


105,704


(132

)

(156

)

(791

)

(83

)

(1,162

)

-  electricity, gas, steam and air-conditioning supply

 

14,522


1,422


40


60


16,044


(18

)

(60

)

(15

)

(54

)

(147

)

-  water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation

 

3,335


164


24


-


3,523


(5

)

(2

)

(17

)

-


(24

)

-  construction

12,919


1,116


1,168


51


15,254


(27

)

(41

)

(524

)

(44

)

(636

)

-  wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

 

83,751


12,225


1,652


37


97,665


(115

)

(128

)

(968

)

(7

)

(1,218

)

-  transportation and storage

 

23,327


1,825


351


38


25,541


(37

)

(46

)

(82

)

(1

)

(166

)

-  accommodation and food

 

19,385


1,889


270


3


21,547


(43

)

(41

)

(83

)

(1

)

(168

)

-  publishing, audiovisual and broadcasting

 

19,758


1,224


189


1


21,172


(42

)

(16

)

(84

)

-


(142

)

-  real estate

116,132


5,985


1,115


1


123,233


(97

)

(80

)

(594

)

-


(771

)

-  professional, scientific and technical activities

 

21,282


941


350


-


22,573


(29

)

(29

)

(113

)

-


(171

)

-  administrative and support services

 

22,820


1,843


437


3


25,103


(41

)

(48

)

(166

)

(1

)

(256

)

-  public administration and defence, compulsory social security

 

1,425


30


8


-


1,463


(1

)

(3

)

(5

)

-


(9

)

-  education

1,713


102


14


-


1,829


(11

)

(7

)

(6

)

-


(24

)

-  health and care

3,710


457


141


-


4,308


(10

)

(16

)

(33

)

-


(59

)

-  arts, entertainment and recreation

 

4,326


676


39


-


5,041


(9

)

(9

)

(15

)

-


(33

)

-  other services

13,259


411


242


1


13,913


(31

)

(31

)

(140

)

-


(202

)

-  activities of households

 

770


59


1


-


830


-


-


-


-


-


-  extra-territorial organisations and bodies activities

 

49


3


7


-


59


-


-


(1

)

-


(1

)

-  government

7,905


168


-


-


8,073


(6

)

(1

)

-


-


(7

)

-  asset-backed securities

813


16


-


-


829


-


(13

)

-


-


(13

)

Non-bank financial institutions

59,245


1,932


230


-


61,407


(44

)

(31

)

(51

)

-


(126

)

Loans and advances to banks

71,873


307


-


-


72,180


(11

)

(2

)

-


-


(13

)

At 31 Dec 2018

 

612,380


47,018


8,442


324


668,164


(753

)

(845

)

(3,899

)

(194

)

(5,691

)

By geography











Europe

190,387


19,073


4,233


150


213,843


(366

)

(529

)

(1,598

)

(102

)

(2,595

)

- of which: UK

133,004


15,370


2,928


8


151,310


(313

)

(471

)

(998

)

-


(1,782

)

Asia

314,591


17,729


1,736


92


334,148


(179

)

(121

)

(1,040

)

(36

)

(1,376

)

- of which: Hong Kong

194,186


8,425


729


69


203,409


(99

)

(54

)

(413

)

(35

)

(601

)

MENA

25,684


2,974


1,769


53


30,480


(73

)

(77

)

(974

)

(46

)

(1,170

)

North America

62,631


6,928


314


-


69,873


(37

)

(107

)

(101

)

-


(245

)

Latin America

19,087


314


390


29


19,820


(98

)

(11

)

(186

)

(10

)

(305

)

At 31 Dec 2018

 

612,380


47,018


8,442


324


668,164


(753

)

(845

)

(3,899

)

(194

)

(5,691

)

 

Total wholesale lending for loans and other credit-related commitments and financial guarantees by stage distribution10


Nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Corporate and commercial

266,489


21,087


791


10


288,377


(142

)

(161

)

(87

)

-


(390

)

Financial

117,542


1,323


6


-


118,871


(7

)

(6

)

(1

)

-


(14

)

At 31 Dec 2018

 

384,031


22,410


797


10


407,248


(149

)

(167

)

(88

)

-


(404

)

By geography











Europe

203,092


9,726


614


10


213,442


(82

)

(66

)

(53

)

-


(201

)

- of which: UK

82,572


6,378


442


-


89,392


(69

)

(57

)

(39

)

-


(165

)

Asia

61,206


3,076


102


-


64,384


(39

)

(16

)

(28

)

-


(83

)

- of which: Hong Kong

27,022


1,115


89


-


28,226


(12

)

(2

)

(27

)

-


(41

)

MENA

5,304


732


18


-


6,054


(8

)

(10

)

(2

)

-


(20

)

North America

111,494


8,850


62


-


120,406


(17

)

(75

)

(4

)

-


(96

)

Latin America

2,935


26


1


-


2,962


(3

)

-


(1

)

-


(4

)

At 31 Dec 2018

 

384,031


22,410


797


10


407,248


(149

)

(167

)

(88

)

-


(404

)

For footnotes, see page 75.



Supplementary information

The following disclosure presents the gross carrying/nominal amount of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in

IFRS 9 are applied by global business and the associated allowance for ECL.


Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied - by global business


Gross carrying/nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost

955,520


61,297


13,010


325


1,030,152


(1,329

)

(2,062

)

(4,969

)

(160

)

(8,520

)

-  RBWM

359,885


14,888


4,280


-


379,053


(548

)

(1,209

)

(1,170

)

-


(2,927

)

-  CMB

313,262


31,671


6,699


206


351,838


(548

)

(666

)

(3,105

)

(132

)

(4,451

)

-  GB&M

237,323


12,953


1,408


119


251,803


(220

)

(162

)

(603

)

(28

)

(1,013

)

-  GPB

43,553


1,745


623


-


45,921


(13

)

(11

)

(91

)

-


(115

)

-  Corporate Centre

1,497


40


-


-


1,537


-


(14

)

-


-


(14

)

Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost

81,957


456


-


-


82,413


(14

)

(2

)

-


-


(16

)

-  RBWM

5,409


26


-


-


5,435


(2

)

-


-


-


(2

)

-  CMB

1,446


13


-


-


1,459


(1

)

-


-


-


(1

)

-  GB&M

26,370


395


-


-


26,765


(9

)

(2

)

-


-


(11

)

-  GPB

25


-


-


-


25


-


-


-


-


-


-  Corporate Centre

48,707


22


-


-


48,729


(2

)

-


-


-


(2

)

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

651,513


1,890


149


2


653,554


(32

)

(10

)

(43

)

-


(85

)

-  RBWM

51,767


235


18


-


52,020


(17

)

(2

)

(2

)

-


(21

)

-  CMB

17,623


1,051


63


1


18,738


(10

)

(6

)

(24

)

-


(40

)

-  GB&M

314,846


581


53


1


315,481


(2

)

(2

)

(15

)

-


(19

)

-  GPB

1,388


10


4


-


1,402


-


-


(2

)

-


(2

)

-  Corporate Centre

265,889


13


11


-


265,913


(3

)

-


-


-


(3

)

Total gross carrying amount on-balance sheet at 30 Jun 2019

1,688,990


63,643


13,159


327


1,766,119


(1,375

)

(2,074

)

(5,012

)

(160

)

(8,621

)

Loans and other credit-related commitments

607,086


21,982


818


5


629,891


(141

)

(112

)

(48

)

-


(301

)

-  RBWM

169,931


2,430


359


-


172,720


(13

)

(3

)

-


-


(16

)

-  CMB

115,551


10,876


304


5


126,736


(75

)

(46

)

(43

)

-


(164

)

-  GB&M

283,499


8,552


151


-


292,202


(52

)

(63

)

(5

)

-


(120

)

-  GPB

36,923


124


4


-


37,051


-


-


-


-


-


-  Corporate Centre

1,182


-


-


-


1,182


(1

)

-


-


-


(1

)

Financial guarantees

18,676


2,423


188


3


21,290


(20

)

(25

)

(10

)

-


(55

)

-  RBWM

67


2


1


-


70


-


-


-


-


-


-  CMB

7,651


1,465


93


3


9,212


(8

)

(16

)

(8

)

-


(32

)

-  GB&M

9,917


947


94


-


10,958


(12

)

(9

)

(2

)

-


(23

)

-  GPB

1,022


9


-


-


1,031


-


-


-


-


-


-  Corporate Centre

19


-


-


-


19


-


-


-


-


-


Total nominal amount off-balance sheet at 30 Jun 2019

625,762


24,405


1,006


8


651,181


(161

)

(137

)

(58

)

-


(356

)

RBWM

14,213


138


-


-


14,351


(4

)

-


-


-


(4

)

CMB

264


-


-


1


265


(3

)

-


-


-


(3

)

GB&M

1,707


-


-


-


1,707


(6

)

-


-


-


(6

)

GPB

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


Corporate Centre

327,891


821


-


-


328,712


(27

)

(34

)

-


-


(61

)

Debt instruments measured at FVOCI at 30 Jun 2019

344,075


959


-


1


345,035


(40

)

(34

)

-


-


(74

)


For footnotes, see page 75.



Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied - by global business (continued)


Gross carrying/nominal amount

Allowance for ECL


Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

POCI

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost

915,188


61,786


13,023


324


990,321


(1,276

)

(2,108

)

(5,047

)

(194

)

(8,625

)

-  RBWM

340,606


19,228


4,960


-


364,794


(544

)

(1,250

)

(1,129

)

-


(2,923

)

-  CMB

304,103


27,529


5,732


298


337,662


(538

)

(659

)

(3,110

)

(194

)

(4,501

)

-  GB&M

230,250


14,112


1,683


25


246,070


(188

)

(182

)

(718

)

-


(1,088

)

-  GPB

37,970


724


618


1


39,313


(5

)

(3

)

(89

)

-


(97

)

-  Corporate Centre

2,259


193


30


-


2,482


(1

)

(14

)

(1

)

-


(16

)

Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost

71,873


307


-


-


72,180


(11

)

(2

)

-


-


(13

)

-  RBWM

5,801


5


-


-


5,806


(1

)

-


-


-


(1

)

-  CMB

1,912


15


-


-


1,927


(1

)

-


-


-


(1

)

-  GB&M

25,409


212


-


-


25,621


(7

)

(2

)

-


-


(9

)

-  GPB

46


-


-


-


46


-


-


-


-


-


-  Corporate Centre

38,705


75


-


-


38,780


(2

)

-


-


-


(2

)

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

581,118


1,673


126


-


582,917


(27

)

(6

)

(22

)

-


(55

)

-  RBWM

49,142


184


32


-


49,358


(14

)

(2

)

(1

)

-


(17

)

-  CMB

15,082


774


60


-


15,916


(7

)

(3

)

(21

)

-


(31

)

-  GB&M

272,028


703


20


-


272,751


(1

)

(1

)

-


-


(2

)

-  GPB

924


1


2


-


927


-


-


-


-


-


-  Corporate Centre

243,942


11


12


-


243,965


(5

)

-


-


-


(5

)

Total gross carrying amount on-balance sheet at

31 Dec 2018

1,568,179


63,766


13,149


324


1,645,418


(1,314

)

(2,116

)

(5,069

)

(194

)

(8,693

)

Loans and other credit-related commitments

569,250


21,839


912


7


592,008


(143

)

(139

)

(43

)

-


(325

)

-  RBWM

164,589


1,792


399


-


166,780


(6

)

(1

)

(1

)

-


(8

)

-  CMB

113,753


9,345


308


5


123,411


(72

)

(52

)

(40

)

-


(164

)

-  GB&M

252,910


9,658


194


2


262,764


(58

)

(86

)

(2

)

-


(146

)

-  GPB

33,885


1,044


11


-


34,940


-


-


-


-


-


-  Corporate Centre

4,113


-


-


-


4,113


(7

)

-


-


-


(7

)

Financial guarantees

20,884


2,334


297


3


23,518


(19

)

(29

)

(45

)

-


(93

)

-  RBWM

54


3


3


-


60


-


-


-


-


-


-  CMB

7,629


1,203


230


3


9,065


(10

)

(11

)

(39

)

-


(60

)

-  GB&M

12,093


1,115


63


-


13,271


(8

)

(18

)

(5

)

-


(31

)

-  GPB

1,053


13


-


-


1,066


(1

)

-


-


-


(1

)

-  Corporate Centre

55


-


1


-


56


-


-


(1

)

-


(1

)

Total nominal amount off-balance sheet at

31 Dec 2018

590,134


24,173


1,209


10


615,526


(162

)

(168

)

(88

)

-


(418

)

RBWM

13,160


153


-


-


13,313


(5

)

-


-


-


(5

)

CMB

226


-


-


1


227


(2

)

-


-


-


(2

)

GB&M

1,994


-


-


-


1,994


(5

)

-


-


-


(5

)

GPB

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


Corporate Centre

326,795


770


7


4


327,576


(21

)

(50

)

(1

)

-


(72

)

Debt instruments measured at FVOCI at

31 Dec 2018

342,175


923


7


5


343,110


(33

)

(50

)

(1

)

-


(84

)


For footnotes, see page 75.

 





Wholesale lending - loans and advances to customers at amortised cost by country/territory


Gross carrying amount

Allowance for ECL


Corporate and commercial

Of which: real estate11

Non-bank financial institutions

Total

Corporate and commercial

Of which: real estate11

Non-bank financial institutions

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Europe

177,866


26,623


26,807


204,673


(2,409

)

(442

)

(112

)

(2,521

)

-  UK

126,957


18,492


18,707


145,664


(1,696

)

(389

)

(81

)

(1,777

)

-  France

29,038


6,266


5,664


34,702


(419

)

(32

)

(29

)

(448

)

-  Germany

10,624


341


1,400


12,024


(64

)

-


(1

)

(65

)

-  Switzerland

2,029


533


314


2,343


(2

)

-


-


(2

)

-  other

9,218


991


722


9,940


(228

)

(21

)

(1

)

(229

)

Asia

269,382


85,018


30,884


300,266


(1,314

)

(87

)

(31

)

(1,345

)

-  Hong Kong

169,700


67,104


17,876


187,576


(639

)

(50

)

(20

)

(659

)

-  Australia

11,024


2,140


2,130


13,154


(72

)

(4

)

-


(72

)

-  India

6,898


1,534


2,944


9,842


(41

)

(2

)

(1

)

(42

)

-  Indonesia

4,465


62


345


4,810


(217

)

-


(2

)

(219

)

-  mainland China

27,111


5,031


5,837


32,948


(210

)

(23

)

(7

)

(217

)

-  Malaysia

7,598


1,693


236


7,834


(32

)

(3

)

-


(32

)

-  Singapore

19,184


5,225


679


19,863


(32

)

(2

)

-


(32

)

-  Taiwan

5,317


23


101


5,418


(2

)

-


-


(2

)

-  other

18,085


2,206


736


18,821


(69

)

(3

)

(1

)

(70

)

Middle East and North Africa (excluding Saudi Arabia)

23,527


1,982


329


23,856


(1,148

)

(175

)

(10

)

(1,158

)

-  Egypt

1,986


45


-


1,986


(134

)

-


-


(134

)

-  UAE

13,888


1,837


227


14,115


(744

)

(174

)

(7

)

(751

)

-  other

7,653


100


102


7,755


(270

)

(1

)

(3

)

(273

)

North America

61,107


14,072


9,476


70,583


(230

)

(34

)

(10

)

(240

)

-  US

39,008


8,723


8,467


47,475


(100

)

(10

)

(3

)

(103

)

-  Canada

21,314


4,971


878


22,192


(108

)

(6

)

(2

)

(110

)

-  other

785


378


131


916


(22

)

(18

)

(5

)

(27

)

Latin America

14,545


1,677


1,878


16,423


(280

)

(7

)

(4

)

(284

)

-  Mexico

11,970


1,675


1,831


13,801


(198

)

(7

)

(3

)

(201

)

-  other

2,575


2


47


2,622


(82

)

-


(1

)

(83

)

At 30 Jun 2019

546,427


129,372


69,374


615,801


(5,381

)

(745

)

(167

)

(5,548

)

 

Europe

176,577


25,715


22,529


199,106


(2,507

)

(481

)

(82

)

(2,589

)

-  UK

127,093


18,384


17,703


144,796


(1,701

)

(410

)

(78

)

(1,779

)

-  France

28,204


5,890


2,488


30,692


(405

)

(36

)

(1

)

(406

)

-  Germany

10,454


246


1,371


11,825


(35

)

-


-


(35

)

-  Switzerland

1,674


509


348


2,022


(1

)

-


-


(1

)

-  other

9,152


686


619


9,771


(365

)

(35

)

(3

)

(368

)

Asia

263,608


79,941


27,284


290,892


(1,343

)

(67

)

(31

)

(1,374

)

-  Hong Kong

168,621


63,287


15,062


183,683


(579

)

(40

)

(20

)

(599

)

-  Australia

11,335


2,323


2,115


13,450


(68

)

(3

)

-


(68

)

-  India

6,396


1,408


2,846


9,242


(77

)

(4

)

(1

)

(78

)

-  Indonesia

4,286


35


354


4,640


(269

)

-


(2

)

(271

)

-  mainland China

24,225


4,423


5,146


29,371


(172

)

(15

)

(6

)

(178

)

-  Malaysia

7,924


1,649


274


8,198


(77

)

(2

)

-


(77

)

-  Singapore

17,564


4,463


431


17,995


(31

)

(2

)

-


(31

)

-  Taiwan

6,008


23


156


6,164


(2

)

-


-


(2

)

-  other

17,249


2,330


900


18,149


(68

)

(1

)

(2

)

(70

)

Middle East and North Africa (excluding Saudi Arabia)

23,738


2,025


322


24,060


(1,167

)

(178

)

(1

)

(1,168

)

-  Egypt

1,746


41


-


1,746


(125

)

-


-


(125

)

-  UAE

14,445


1,849


206


14,651


(721

)

(176

)

(1

)

(722

)

-  other

7,547


135


116


7,663


(321

)

(2

)

-


(321

)

North America

56,983


14,169


9,647


66,630


(236

)

(37

)

(8

)

(244

)

-  US

35,714


8,422


8,777


44,491


(103

)

(8

)

(2

)

(105

)

-  Canada

20,493


5,354


770


21,263


(105

)

(5

)

(2

)

(107

)

-  other

776


393


100


876


(28

)

(24

)

(4

)

(32

)

Latin America

13,671


1,383


1,625


15,296


(299

)

(8

)

(4

)

(303

)

-  Mexico

11,302


1,354


1,567


12,869


(225

)

(8

)

(4

)

(229

)

-  other

2,369


29


58


2,427


(74

)

-


-


(74

)

At 31 Dec 2018

534,577


123,233


61,407


595,984


(5,552

)

(771

)

(126

)

(5,678

)

For footnotes, see page 75.




Personal lending - loans and advances to customers at amortised costs by country/territory


Gross carrying amount

Allowance for ECL


First lien residential mortgages

Other personal

Of which: credit cards

Total

First lien residential mortgages

Other personal

Of which: credit cards

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Europe

135,416


46,838


9,687


182,254


(258

)

(785

)

(323

)

(1,043

)

-  UK

128,068


20,787


9,301


148,855


(149

)

(638

)

(319

)

(787

)

-  France

3,541


19,965


330


23,506


(40

)

(105

)

(4

)

(145

)

-  Germany

-


303


-


303


-


-


-


-


-  Switzerland

1,140


5,394


-


6,534


(3

)

(19

)

-


(22

)

-  other

2,667


389


56


3,056


(66

)

(23

)

-


(89

)

Asia

127,885


47,536


11,511


175,421


(48

)

(667

)

(445

)

(715

)

-  Hong Kong

84,757


33,061


7,620


117,818


(1

)

(303

)

(202

)

(304

)

-  Australia

15,825


727


602


16,552


(8

)

(52

)

(51

)

(60

)

-  India

1,067


581


235


1,648


(4

)

(20

)

(14

)

(24

)

-  Indonesia

62


326


211


388


-


(31

)

(25

)

(31

)

-  mainland China

8,815


1,183


592


9,998


(2

)

(70

)

(63

)

(72

)

-  Malaysia

2,832


3,132


884


5,964


(26

)

(69

)

(32

)

(95

)

-  Singapore

6,355


6,433


428


12,788


(1

)

(62

)

(21

)

(63

)

-  Taiwan

5,093


956


305


6,049


-


(19

)

(4

)

(19

)

-  other

3,079


1,137


634


4,216


(6

)

(41

)

(33

)

(47

)

Middle East and North Africa (excluding Saudi Arabia)

2,341


3,845


1,101


6,186


(84

)

(291

)

(144

)

(375

)

-  Egypt

-


330


78


330


-


(4

)

(1

)

(4

)

-  UAE

1,942


1,479


516


3,421


(81

)

(124

)

(51

)

(205

)

-  other

399


2,036


507


2,435


(3

)

(163

)

(92

)

(166

)

North America

37,581


5,034


1,463


42,615


(125

)

(140

)

(85

)

(265

)

-  US

17,495


2,295


1,142


19,790


(15

)

(108

)

(79

)

(123

)

-  Canada

18,870


2,532


277


21,402


(17

)

(24

)

(5

)

(41

)

-  other

1,216


207


44


1,423


(93

)

(8

)

(1

)

(101

)

Latin America

3,139


4,736


1,515


7,875


(35

)

(539

)

(238

)

(574

)

-  Mexico

2,986


4,069


1,213


7,055


(29

)

(491

)

(214

)

(520

)

-  other

153


667


302


820


(6

)

(48

)

(24

)

(54

)

At 30 Jun 2019

306,362


107,989


25,277


414,351


(550

)

(2,422

)

(1,235

)

(2,972

)

 

Europe

131,557


46,007


9,790


177,564


(258

)

(750

)

(313

)

(1,008

)

-  UK

124,357


20,503


9,356


144,860


(141

)

(592

)

(309

)

(733

)

-  France

3,454


19,616


376


23,070


(43

)

(114

)

(4

)

(157

)

-  Germany

-


288


-


288


-


-


-


-


-  Switzerland

1,120


5,213


-


6,333


(2

)

(19

)

-


(21

)

-  other

2,626


387


58


3,013


(72

)

(25

)

-


(97

)

Asia

119,718


42,049


11,900


161,767


(44

)

(696

)

(465

)

(740

)

-  Hong Kong

79,059


28,734


8,124


107,793


(1

)

(329

)

(228

)

(330

)

-  Australia

13,858


764


626


14,622


(5

)

(55

)

(54

)

(60

)

-  India

1,030


608


228


1,638


(5

)

(20

)

(14

)

(25

)

-  Indonesia

59


279


206


338


-


(34

)

(27

)

(34

)

-  mainland China

8,706


1,139


502


9,845


(2

)

(57

)

(50

)

(59

)

-  Malaysia

2,890


3,209


888


6,099


(24

)

(71

)

(33

)

(95

)

-  Singapore

5,991


5,353


434


11,344


-


(70

)

(21

)

(70

)

-  Taiwan

5,123


860


289


5,983


(1

)

(20

)

(5

)

(21

)

-  other

3,002


1,103


603


4,105


(6

)

(40

)

(33

)

(46

)

Middle East and North Africa (excluding Saudi Arabia)

2,393


3,933


1,181


6,326


(88

)

(306

)

(148

)

(394

)

-  Egypt

-


309


71


309


-


(5

)

(1

)

(5

)

-  UAE

1,974


1,477


538


3,451


(82

)

(126

)

(54

)

(208

)

-  other

419


2,147


572


2,566


(6

)

(175

)

(93

)

(181

)

North America

36,964


5,057


1,341


42,021


(122

)

(139

)

(81

)

(261

)

-  US

17,464


2,280


1,028


19,744


(13

)

(106

)

(75

)

(119

)

-  Canada

18,267


2,562


265


20,829


(16

)

(23

)

(5

)

(39

)

-  other

1,233


215


48


1,448


(93

)

(10

)

(1

)

(103

)

Latin America

2,701


3,958


1,432


6,659


(23

)

(521

)

(254

)

(544

)

-  Mexico

2,550


3,192


1,121


5,742


(22

)

(465

)

(227

)

(487

)

-  other

151


766


311


917


(1

)

(56

)

(27

)

(57

)

At 31 Dec 2018

293,333


101,004


25,644


394,337


(535

)

(2,412

)

(1,261

)

(2,947

)



Loans and advances to customers and banks metrics

Loans and advances to customers and banks


Gross carrying amount

Of which: stage 3 and POCI

Allowance for ECL

Of which: stage 3 and POCI

Change in ECL

Write-offs

Recoveries


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

First lien residential mortgages

306,362


3,029


(550

)

(439

)

(50

)

(59

)

32


Other personal lending

107,989


1,675


(2,422

)

(728

)

(510

)

(645

)

143


Personal lending

414,351


4,704


(2,972

)

(1,167

)

(560

)

(704

)

175


-  agriculture, forestry and fishing

6,975


257


(183

)

(124

)

(20

)

-


-


-  mining and quarrying

14,619


243


(182

)

(111

)

(6

)

(2

)

-


-  manufacturing

109,753


1,516


(1,120

)

(805

)

(108

)

(124

)

6


-                      electricity, gas, steam and air-conditioning supply

14,378


169


(76

)

(20

)

10


(54

)

2


-                      water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation

3,389


22


(28

)

(19

)

(2

)

-


-


-  construction

15,518


935


(577

)

(520

)

(105

)

(102

)

5


-                      wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

99,141


1,753


(1,248

)

(1,006

)

(212

)

(183

)

8


-  transportation and storage

24,827


542


(171

)

(92

)

(6

)

(16

)

-


-  accommodation and food

23,137


271


(192

)

(112

)

(54

)

(65

)

-


-  publishing, audiovisual and broadcasting

21,913


166


(112

)

(38

)

(33

)

(27

)

-


-  real estate

129,372


1,422


(745

)

(542

)

6


(25

)

3


-  professional, scientific and technical activities

23,341


328


(175

)

(115

)

(11

)

(5

)

1


-  administrative and support services

24,434


319


(237

)

(161

)

(51

)

(10

)

-


-                      public administration and defence, compulsory social security

1,384


-


(7

)

-


(3

)

-


-


-  education

1,793


34


(21

)

(8

)

7


(1

)

-


-  health and care

4,494


110


(69

)

(36

)

(9

)

-


-


-  arts, entertainment and recreation

3,628


32


(32

)

(15

)

2


(2

)

-


-  other services

14,274


213


(180

)

(142

)

16


(8

)

1


-  activities of households

757


-


-


-


(1

)

-


-


-                      extra-territorial organisations and bodies activities

50


5


(1

)

(1

)

1


-


-


-  government

8,499


7


(11

)

(5

)

1


-


-


-  asset-backed securities

751


-


(14

)

-


-


-


-


Corporate and commercial

546,427


8,344


(5,381

)

(3,872

)

(578

)

(624

)

26


Non-bank financial institutions

69,374


287


(167

)

(90

)

(38

)

(2

)

-


Wholesale lending

615,801


8,631


(5,548

)

(3,962

)

(616

)

(626

)

26


Loans and advances to customers

1,030,152


13,335


(8,520

)

(5,129

)

(1,176

)

(1,330

)

201


Loans and advances to banks

82,413


-


(16

)

-


(3

)

-


-


At 30 Jun 2019

1,112,565


13,335


(8,536

)

(5,129

)

(1,179

)

(1,330

)

201



Securitisation exposures and other structured products

The following table summarises the carrying amount of our asset-backed securities ('ABSs') exposure by categories of collateral. It includes assets held in the legacy credit portfolio with a carrying value of $5.2bn (31 December 2018: $5.9bn).

At 30 June 2019, the FVOCI reserve in respect of ABSs was a deficit of $175m (31 December 2018: deficit of $179m). For 1H19, the impairment write-back in respect of ABSs was $13m (31 December 2018: $106m).





Carrying amount of HSBC's consolidated holdings of ABSs



Trading

Financial investments at FVOCI

Held at amortised cost

Financial assets designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss

Total

Of which
held through consolidated
structured entities


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Mortgage-related assets


1,434


19,710


14,781


48


35,973


111


-  sub-prime residential


17


458


-


11


486


3


-  US Alt-A residential


-


36


2


-


38


-


-  US Government agency and sponsored enterprises: MBSs

9

79


19,106


13,914


-


33,099


-


-  UK buy-to-let residential


162


-


-


-


162


-


-  other residential


388


9


797


-


1,194


9


-  commercial property


788


101


68


37


994


99


Leveraged finance-related assets


283


14


-


208


505


166


Student loan-related assets


126


1,742


-


11


1,879


1,732


Auto finance-related assets


477


-


2,429


-


2,906


-


Other assets


1,327


683


3,323


-


5,333


178


At 30 Jun 2019


3,647


22,149


20,533


267


46,596


2,187


 

Mortgage-related assets


1,680


15,422


15,498


127


32,727


208


-  sub-prime residential


17


587


-


-


604


50


-  US Alt-A residential


-


87


2


94


183


42


-  US Government agency and sponsored enterprises: MBSs

9


14,627


14,657


-


29,437



-  UK buy-to-let residential


-


-


-


-


-


-


-  other residential


924


15


780


-


1,719


10


-  commercial property


586


106


59


33


784


106


Leveraged finance-related assets


306


40


-


21


367


200


Student loan-related assets


149


1,815


-


1


1,965


1,800


Auto finance-related assets


282


-


2,577


-


2,859


-


Other assets


1,136


718


2,323


7


4,184


204


At 31 Dec 2018


3,553


17,995


20,398


156


42,102


2,412


For footnotes, see page 75.




Liquidity and funding risk profile

Liquidity risk is the risk that we do not have sufficient financial resources to meet our obligations as they fall due. Liquidity risk arises from mismatches in the timing of cash flows.

 Funding risk is the risk that we can only fund our assets at excessive cost.

There were no material changes to the policies and practices for the management of liquidity and funding risk in 1H19.

A summary of our current policies and practices regarding the management of liquidity and funding risk is set out on pages 80 and 81 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

Liquidity and funding in the first half of 2019

We require all operating entities to comply with our liquidity and funding risk management framework ('LFRF') on a stand-alone basis and to meet regulatory and internal minimums at all times. The liquidity coverage ratio ('LCR') and net stable funding ratio ('NSFR') are key components of the LFRF.

The Group's liquidity and funding position in 1H19 is analysed in the following sections.

Management of liquidity and funding risk

Liquidity coverage ratio

We manage actively the liquidity position of each of our principal operating entities.

At 30 June 2019, all the Group's principal operating entities were well above regulatory minimums and above the internally expected levels established by the Board.

The following table displays the individual LCR levels for our principal operating entities on a European Commission LCR basis. This basis may vary from local LCR measures due to differences in the way non-EU regulators have implemented the Basel III recommendations.

Principal operating entities' LCRs



At



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018


Footnotes

%

%

%

HSBC UK Bank plc (ring-fenced bank)


155


-


143


HSBC Bank plc (non-ring-fenced bank)


140


-


147


The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - Hong Kong branch

12

151


154


161


The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - Singapore branch

12, 14

258


153


149


HSBC Bank China


169


160


153


Hang Seng Bank


194


196


202


HSBC Bank USA


120


126


121


HSBC France


123


169


128


HSBC Bank Canada


120


110


115


HSBC Bank Middle East - UAE branch


193


165


182


HSBC Mexico


165


154


153


HSBC Private Bank


270


292


273


For footnotes, see page 75.

The preceding table also reflects the following movements in 1H19:

•    In the UK, our respective ring-fenced and non-ring-fenced banks, HSBC UK Bank plc and HSBC Bank plc, positioned themselves to deal with future uncertainties, including the UK's departure from the European Union.

•    In Hong Kong, The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - Hong Kong branch, and Hang Seng Bank remained highly liquid, reflecting their strong deposit base.

•    In Singapore, the LCR in The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - Singapore branch improved, mainly due to increased deposits.

•    In China, HSBC Bank China improved its liquidity and funding position to 169% at 30 June 2019 (31 December 2018: 153%) in line with its growth targets.

•    In France, the liquidity position of HSBC France remained strong, with the transfer of European branches adding additional assets and liabilities, supported by $8bn of additional high-quality liquid assets.

•    In the UAE, deposit growth to support the business strategy improved the liquidity position of our branch.

•    In Mexico, debt issuance increased, improving the LCR position of HSBC Mexico.

•    In North America, the liquidity positions of HSBC Bank USA and Canada operating entities remained stable.


Liquid assets of principal operating entities

The following table shows the liquidity value of the unencumbered liquid assets of our principal operating entities at the period end as a six-monthly average.


Liquid assets of HSBC's principal entities



Recognised at 30 Jun 2019

1H19 average

Recognised at

30 Jun 2018

1H18

average

Recognised at

31 Dec 2018

2H18

average


Footnotes

$m

 

$m

 

$m

$m

 

 

$m

$m

 

HSBC UK Bank plc (ring-fenced bank)








Level 1


63,665


61,063




57,862


59,474

Level 2a


1,431


1,587




1,561


1,383

Level 2b


-


-






HSBC Bank plc (non-ring-fenced bank)








Level 1


107,820


98,939




107,488


106,929

Level 2a


7,994


8,686




5,417


8,484

Level 2b


7,820


9,758




9,913


16,875

The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - Hong Kong

branch

12







Level 1


67,085


80,649


75,436


78,496

99,634


84,595

Level 2a


31,452


33,674


28,656


24,991

28,495


28,277

Level 2b


1,658


1,537


1,153


1,988

1,578


1,317

Hang Seng Bank








Level 1


35,113


33,100


32,551


30,531

33,009


30,519

Level 2a


6,006


5,773


2,739


3,151

5,458


3,995

Level 2b


142


142


142


146

141


141

HSBC Bank USA








Level 1


51,859


50,280


57,413


53,383

53,659


49,481

Level 2a


21,529


21,715


15,612


14,869

19,062


17,971

Level 2b


1,781


298


-


13

-

1

Total of HSBC's other principal entities

13







Level 1


93,841


94,750


80,566


84,508

90,023


89,410

Level 2a


7,986


7,867


8,003


8,447

7,044


7,397

Level 2b


643


498


407


691

383


458

For footnotes, see page 75.


Consolidated liquidity coverage ratio

The Group consolidated liquidity coverage ratio ('LCR') was 136% at 1H19 (31 December 2018: 154%), reflecting the strong liquidity position of the Group's main entities. The Group LCR is well above the regulatory minimum, as are the ratios of the Group's main entities as shown in the table above.

During 1H19, the Holdings capital buffer was moved from Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation to HSBC Holdings, which reduced the European LCR. This reduced the Group consolidated LCR by 10% as the methodology caps the Group consolidated LCR at the European LCR. The methodology used to calculate the Group consolidated LCR is currently under review given that the Group's liquidity profile is set and managed based on factors relevant to the operating entities on a stand-alone basis.


At


30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018

2018


$bn

$bn

$bn

High-quality liquid assets (liquidity value)

533


540


567

Net outflows

391


342


369

Liquidity coverage ratio

136%

158%

154

%


Net stable funding ratio

We are required to maintain sufficient stable funding. The NSFR measures stable funding relative to required stable funding, and reflects a bank's funding profile, which is defined as funding with a term of more than a year.

The following table displays the NSFR levels for our principal operating entities.

Principal operating entities' NSFRs



At



30 Jun

30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018

2018


Footnotes

%

%

%

HSBC UK Bank plc (ring-fenced bank)


147



144


HSBC Bank plc (non-ring-fenced bank)


110



113


The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - Hong Kong branch

12

128


130


132


The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - Singapore branch

12

120


117


123


HSBC Bank China


149


149


153


Hang Seng Bank


153


154


152


HSBC Bank USA


118


122


131


HSBC France


111


112


113


HSBC Bank Canada


125


125


126


HSBC Bank Middle East - UAE branch


139


142


132


HSBC Mexico


116


121


123


HSBC Private Bank


150


176


203


 

For footnotes, see page 75.


Depositor concentration and term funding maturity concentration

The LCR and NSFR metrics assume a scenario where there is a stressed outflow of deposits from a portfolio of depositors within retail, corporate and financial deposit segments. The validity of these assumptions is challenged if the portfolio of depositors is not large enough to avoid depositor concentration.

Operating entities are exposed to term refinancing concentration risk if the current maturity profile results in future maturities being overly concentrated in any defined period.

At 30 June 2019, all principal operating entities were within the risk tolerance levels set for depositor concentration and term funding maturity concentration. These risk tolerances were established by the Board and are applicable under the LFRF.


Sources of funding

Our primary sources of funding are customer current accounts and savings deposits payable on demand or at short notice. We issue secured and unsecured wholesale securities to supplement customer deposits, meet regulatory obligations and to change the currency mix, maturity profile or location of our liabilities.

The following 'Funding sources' and 'Funding uses' tables provide a view of how our consolidated balance sheet is funded. In practice, all the principal operating entities are required to manage liquidity and funding risk on a stand-alone basis.

The tables analyse our consolidated balance sheet according to the assets that primarily arise from operating activities and the sources of funding primarily supporting these activities. Assets and liabilities that do not arise from operating activities are presented as a net balancing source or deployment of funds.

In 1H19, the level of customer accounts continued to exceed the level of loans and advances to customers. The positive funding gap was predominantly deployed in liquid assets.

Loans and advances to banks continued to exceed deposits by banks, meaning we remained a net unsecured lender to the banking sector.


Funding sources



At



30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018



$m

$m

Customer accounts


1,380,124


1,362,643


Deposits by banks


71,051


56,331


Repurchase agreements - non-trading


184,497


165,884


Debt securities in issue


103,663


85,342


Cash collateral, margin and settlement accounts


102,544


54,066


Liabilities of disposal groups held for sale


-


313


Subordinated liabilities


22,894


22,437


Financial liabilities designated at fair value


165,104


148,505


Liabilities under insurance contracts


93,794


87,330


Trading liabilities


94,149


84,431


-  repos


935


1,495


-  stock lending


13,536


10,998


-  other trading liabilities


79,678


71,938


Total equity


200,874


194,249


Other balance sheet liabilities


332,579


296,593




2,751,273


2,558,124


 

Funding uses



At



30 Jun

31 Dec



2019

2018



$m

$m

Loans and advances to customers


1,021,632


981,696


Loans and advances to banks


82,397


72,167


Reverse repurchase agreements
- non-trading


233,079


242,804


Cash collateral, margin and settlement accounts


91,813


47,159


Assets held for sale


103


735


Trading assets


271,424


238,130


-  reverse repos


12,773


9,893


-  stock borrowing


9,165


8,387


-  other trading assets


249,486


219,850


Financial investments


428,101


407,433


Cash and balances with central banks


171,090


162,843


Other balance sheet assets


451,634


405,157




2,751,273


2,558,124



Market risk profile

Market risk is the risk that movements in market factors, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices and commodity prices, will reduce our income or the value of our portfolios.

There were no material changes to the policies and practices for the management of market risk in 1H19.

A summary of our current policies and practices for the management of market risk is set out in 'Market risk management' on page 81 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

Market risk in the first half of 2019

Major central banks adopted a more dovish policy stance during early 2019. Interest rates moved downwards, providing the backdrop for a rebound in global financial markets. Stock markets recouped most of the losses experienced in late 2018 while volatility remained low. During the second quarter, continued trade tensions and escalating geopolitical risks dampened growth in risky assets. Alongside lower expected policy rates, the search for safe assets contributed to further flattening of sovereign yield curves in major economies and more negative interest rates in Europe and Japan. In credit markets, investment grade corporate spreads narrowed closer to pre-financial crisis levels.

The overall risk profile remained relatively stable in 2019. The fixed income business continued to be the key driver of trading value at risk ('VaR'). Interest rate and credit asset classes provided similar contributions to trading VaR. The effect of a limited increase in credit spread risks was offset by lower contributions from interest rate exposures in major currencies. The equity and foreign exchange components provided marginal contributions to overall market risk in the trading book.


Trading portfolios

Value at risk of the trading portfolios

Trading VaR was predominantly generated by Global Markets. The VaR for trading activity at 30 June 2019 was lower than at 31 December 2018. The decrease in trading VaR was attributable primarily to lower contributions from equity correlation and dividend risks captured in the risk not in VaR ('RNIV') framework (see below). An increase in the credit spread trading VaR component was offset by lower contributions from interest rate risks.


The Group trading VaR for the half-year is shown in the table below.


Trading VaR, 99% 1 day


Foreign exchange

and commodity

Interest

rate

Equity

Credit

spread

Portfolio
diversification15

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Half-year to 30 Jun 2019

6.6


29.9


17.4


31.2


(34.8

)

50.3


Average

7.1


30.9


16.6


24.8


(29.3

)

50.1


Maximum

13.5


36.5


22.2


33.2



59.3


Minimum

4.1


26.1


12.4


18.4



42.8









Half-year to 30 Jun 2018

9.9


39.2


17.0


18.1


(34.2

)

50.0


Average

10.4


36.9


25.9


23.5


(37.5

)

59.2


Maximum

21.8


48.2


33.8


35.2



71.2


Minimum

5.6


28.9


16.8


12.2



43.9









Half-year to 31 Dec 2018

12.6


33.9


22.6


25.9


(37.9

)

57.1


Average

8.7


36.0


19.1


18.0


(31.1

)

50.6


Maximum

14.9


49.9


24.0


26.7



57.1


Minimum

5.5


27.0


13.5


14.1



45.1


For footnotes, see page 75.



The RNIV framework covers risks from exposures in our trading book that are not fully captured by the VaR model. The VaR-based RNIVs are included within the metrics for each asset class.

Back-testing

In 1H19, the Group experienced three profit and one loss back-testing exceptions against actual profit and loss. These comprised:

•    a profit exception in early January 2019, driven by gains across most asset classes, as interest rates rose and equity markets rebounded;

•    a profit exception in late January 2019, due mainly to gains from new transactions in the Rates business and lower volatility in equities markets;

•    a profit exception in March 2019, driven by increased volatility in some emerging markets currencies and interest rates; and

•    a loss exception in March 2019, attributable to month-end valuation adjustments driven by portfolio and spread changes.

In 1H19, the Group did not experience any back-testing exceptions against hypothetical profit and loss.


Non-trading portfolios

Value at risk of the non-trading portfolios

Non-trading VaR of the Group includes contributions from all global businesses. There is no commodity risk in the non-trading portfolios. The VaR for non-trading activity at 30 June 2019 was higher than at 31 December 2018. The increase arose primarily from a lower diversification benefit across asset classes and an uplift in contributions from interest rate exposures in the banking book.

Non-trading VaR also includes the interest rate risk of non-trading financial instruments held in portfolios managed by Balance Sheet Management ('BSM'). The management of interest rate risk in the banking book is described further in 'Net interest income sensitivity' on page 139 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

The Group non-trading VaR for the half-year is shown in the following table.




Non-trading VaR, 99% 1 day


Interest

rate

Credit

spread

Portfolio diversification15

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

Half-year to 30 Jun 2019

68.5


36.6


(22.0

)

83.1


Average

57.1


30.5


(16.6

)

71.0


Maximum

74.3


36.6



85.2


Minimum

49.2


26.6



60.9







Half-year to 30 Jun 2018

94.6


35.3


(24.9

)

105.0


Average

102.2


56.7


(32.8

)

126.1


Maximum

129.3


96.0



154.1


Minimum

85.5


27.6



96.5







Half-year to 31 Dec 2018

61.4


37.2


(30.6

)

68.0


Average

91.5


40.2


(25.4

)

106.2


Maximum

109.3


60.6



150.4


Minimum

59.9


30.1



68.0


For footnotes, see page 75.



Non-trading VaR excludes equity risk on securities held at fair value, structural foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk on fixed-rate securities issued by HSBC Holdings. The following sections describe the scope of HSBC's management of market risks in non-trading books.



Third-party assets in Balance Sheet Management

Third-party assets in Balance Sheet Management ('BSM') increased by 3% during 2019. 'Cash and balances at central banks' increased by $8bn, predominantly in Europe, reflecting an increase in the use of secured funding for trading assets compared with 31 December 2018. 'Loans and advances to banks' increased by $9bn, largely driven by short-term money market operations in Asia. 'Reverse repurchase agreements' decreased by $6bn, reflecting in part the management of commercial surplus in North America. 'Financial investments' increased by $7bn, driven by an increase in investments across most regions, partly offset by a decrease in Asia.




Third-party assets in Balance Sheet Management


At


30 Jun

31 Dec


2019

2018


$m

$m

Cash and balances at central banks

152,666


144,802


Trading assets

290


601


Loans and advances:



-  to banks

34,002


25,257


-  to customers

312


964


Reverse repurchase agreements

16,490


22,899


Financial investments

340,795


333,622


Other

8,543


6,880



553,098


535,025




Interest rate risk in the banking book

Interest rate risk in the banking book is the risk of capital or earnings volatility due to changes in market interest rates.

Our policies regarding the funds transfer pricing process and the management of interest rate risk in the banking book are described on pages 80 and 83, respectively, of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

The Group utilises sensitivity of net interest income to assess the overall level of interest rate risk in the banking book. This measure reflects all interest rate risk in the banking book, including that transferred to BSM.


Sensitivity of net interest income

The following tables set out the assessed impact to a hypothetical base case projection of our net interest income ('NII'), excluding insurance, under the following scenarios:

•    an immediate shock of 25 basis points ('bps') to the current market-implied path of interest rates across all currencies on 1 July 2019 (effects over one year and five years); and

•    an immediate shock of 100bps to the current market-implied path of interest rates across all currencies on 1 July 2019 (effects over one year and five years).

The sensitivities shown represent our assessment of the change to a hypothetical base case NII, assuming a static balance sheet and no management actions from BSM. They incorporate the effect of interest rate behaviouralisation, managed rate product pricing assumptions and customer behaviour, including the prepayment of mortgages or customer migration from non-interest-bearing to interest-bearing deposit accounts. The scenarios represent interest rate shocks to the current market implied path of rates.

The NII sensitivities shown are indicative and based on simplified scenarios. Immediate interest rate rises of 25bps and 100bps would increase projected NII for the 12 months to 30 June 2020 by $842m and $2,991m, respectively. Conversely, falls of 25bps and 100bps would decrease projected NII for the 12 months to 
30 June 2020 by $848m and $3,563m, respectively.

The sensitivity of NII for 12 months has increased by $213m and $111m comparing June 2019 with December 2018 in the plus and minus 100bps parallel shocks, respectively.

The increase in the sensitivity of NII for 12 months in the plus 100bps parallel shock was mainly driven by sterling-linked amounts due to changes in balance sheet composition, primarily in the UK ring-fenced bank and the non-ring-fenced bank.

The increase in the sensitivity of NII for 12 months in the minus 100bps parallel shock was mainly driven by US dollar-linked amounts due to changes in balance sheet composition and migration of managed rate deposits into term deposits in anticipation of the US Federal Reserve cutting interest rates.

The change in NII sensitivity for five years is also driven by the factors above.

The structural sensitivity of NII arising within the four global businesses, excluding Global Markets, is positive in a rising rate environment and negative in a falling rate environment. Both BSM and Global Markets have NII sensitivity profiles that offset this to some degree. The tables do not include BSM management actions or changes in Global Markets' net trading income that may further limit the offset.

The NII sensitivity results should not be interpreted as predictive of future performance. The limitations of this analysis are discussed within the 'Risk management' section on page 73 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.




NII sensitivity to an instantaneous change in yield curves (12 months)


US dollar

HK dollar

Sterling

Euro

Other

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Change in Jul 2019 to Jun 2020 (based on balance sheet at

30 June 2019)







+25bps

56


245


245


98


198


842


-25bps

(129

)

(265

)

(286

)

1


(169

)

(848

)

+100bps

164


756


967


399


705


2,991


-100bps

(678

)

(1,061

)

(1,086

)

(14

)

(724

)

(3,563

)

Change in Jan 2019 to Dec 2019 (based on balance sheet at 31 Dec 2018)







+25bps

70


232


198


115


213


828


-25bps

(160

)

(301

)

(244

)

8


(187

)

(884

)

+100bps

147


773


777


408


673


2,778


-100bps

(523

)

(1,046

)

(1,122

)

9


(772

)

(3,454

)

 




NII sensitivity to an instantaneous change in yield curves (5 years)


Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

Total


$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Change in July 2019 to Jun 2020 (based on balance sheet at

30 June 2019)







+25bps

842


1,198


1,279


1,360


1,423


6,102


-25bps

(848

)

(1,339

)

(1,379

)

(1,456

)

(1,562

)

(6,584

)

+100bps

2,991


4,269


4,762


5,103


5,290


22,415


-100bps

(3,563

)

(5,026

)

(5,453

)

(5,873

)

(6,262

)

(26,177

)

Change in Jan 2019 to Dec 2019 (based on balance sheet at 31 Dec 2018)







+25bps

828


1,155


1,416


1,529


1,428


6,356


-25bps

(884

)

(1,127

)

(1,206

)

(1,296

)

(1,597

)

(6,110

)

+100bps

2,778


3,863


4,542


4,968


5,096


21,247


-100bps

(3,454

)

(4,632

)

(5,276

)

(5,691

)

(6,187

)

(25,240

)










Operational risk profile

Operational risk is the risk to achieving our strategy or objectives as a result of inadequate or failed internal processes, people, systems, or from external events.

During 1H19, we continued to strengthen our approach to managing operational risk, as set out in the operational risk management framework ('ORMF'). The framework sets out our governance and appetite. It provides a single view of non-financial risks that matter the most and associated controls. It incorporates a risk management system to enable active risk management.

Responsibility for minimising operational risk lies with our people. They are required to manage the operational risks of the business and operational activities for which they are responsible.

A summary of our current policies and practices for the management of operational risk is set out in 'Operational risk management' on page 84 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.


Operational risk exposures in the first half of 2019

In 1H19, we continued to strengthen the controls that manage our most material risks. Our measures included:

•    We further enhanced our controls to help ensure that we know our customers, ask the right questions, monitor transactions and escalate concerns to detect, prevent and deter financial crime risk.

•    We implemented a number of initiatives to raise our standards in relation to the conduct of our business as described below in 'Conduct of business'.

•    We increased monitoring and enhanced detective controls to manage fraud risks that arise from new technologies and new ways of banking.

•    We strengthened security controls to help prevent cyber-attacks.

•    We improved controls and security to protect customers when using digital channels.

•    We continued to enhance our third-party risk management capability to help enable the consistent risk assessment of any third-party service and to ensure the continuity of our business operations.


Conduct of business

In the first half of 2019, we continued to promote and encourage good conduct through our people's behaviour and decision making to deliver fair outcomes for customers and preserve market integrity.

Our 1H19 initiatives included:

•    We developed data and artificial intelligence ethics principles to help ensure we use customer data appropriately, for example in support of digital products and services.

•    In specific markets, we continued to support customers in vulnerable or potentially vulnerable circumstances. This

 

included awareness and training initiatives for our people, and deployment of those with specialist knowledge of conditions such as dementia. Financial inclusion initiatives included activities to combat financial abuse and focus on development of financial education schemes for older customers.

•    We prepared our fifth annual global mandatory training course on conduct for all our people. This training continues to be complemented by multi-channel internal conduct-related communications, with emphasis on sharing examples of good conduct.

•    We expanded recognition programmes across business areas for our people when they deliver exceptional service when working directly with customers or in supporting roles.


Insurance manufacturing operations

risk profile

The majority of the risk in our insurance business derives from manufacturing activities and can be categorised as financial risk and insurance risk. Financial risks include market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. Insurance risk is the risk, other than financial risk, of loss transferred from the holder of the insurance contract to HSBC, the issuer.

A summary of our policies and practices regarding the risk management of insurance operations, our insurance model and the main contracts we manufacture are provided on page 86 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

There have been no material changes to the policies and practices for the management of risks arising in our insurance operations described in the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

Insurance manufacturing operations risk profile in the first half of 2019

The risk profile of our insurance manufacturing businesses is measured using an economic capital approach. Assets and liabilities are measured on a market value basis, and a capital requirement is defined to ensure that there is a less than one in 200 chance of insolvency over a one-year time horizon, given the risks to which the businesses are exposed. The methodology for the economic capital calculation is largely aligned to the pan-European Solvency II insurance capital regulations. A key risk appetite metric is the economic coverage ratio, which is calculated by dividing the economic net asset value by the economic capital requirement. The business has a current appetite to remain globally above 140% with a tolerance to 110%. In addition to economic capital, the regulatory solvency ratio is also a metric used to manage risk appetite on an entity basis.

The risk profile of our remaining life insurance manufacturing businesses did not change materially during 1H19. The increase in policyholder liabilities during the period to $93.8bn 
(31 December 2018: $87.3bn) was primarily a result of increased net premium income and investment returns recognised in policyholder liabilities.


The following table shows the composition of assets and liabilities by contract type.





Balance sheet of insurance manufacturing subsidiaries by type of contract16



With

DPF

Unit-

linked

Other contracts17

Shareholder

assets and

liabilities

Total


Footnotes

$m

$m

$m

$m

$m

Financial assets


71,737


8,052


16,455


7,817


104,061


-  trading assets


-


-


-


-


-


-  financial assets designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss


20,349


7,736


3,000


1,610


32,695


-  derivatives


163


-


22


3


188


-  financial investments at amortised cost


34,754


22


12,462


3,994


51,232


-  financial investments at fair value through other comprehensive income


12,249


-


456


1,448


14,153


-  other financial assets

18

4,222


294


515


762


5,793


Reinsurance assets


1,325


72


1,445


2


2,844


PVIF

19

-


-


-


8,083


8,083


Other assets and investment properties


2,345


5


190


538


3,078


Total assets at 30 Jun 2019


75,407


8,129


18,090


16,440


118,066


Liabilities under investment contracts designated at fair value


-


1,810


3,935


-


5,745


Liabilities under insurance contracts


74,181


6,183


13,430


-


93,794


Deferred tax

20

192


22


46


1,161


1,421


Other liabilities


-


-


-


3,776


3,776


Total liabilities


74,373


8,015


17,411


4,937


104,736


Total equity


-


-


-


13,330


13,330


Total equity and liabilities at 30 Jun 2019


74,373


8,015


17,411


18,267


118,066









Financial assets


66,735


7,337


15,552


7,120


96,744


-  trading assets


-


-


-


-


-


-  financial assets designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss


17,855


7,099


3,024


1,264


29,242


-  derivatives


200


-


33


4


237


-  financial investments at amortised cost


33,575


70


11,597


4,171


49,413


-  financial investments at fair value through other comprehensive income


11,499


-


450


1,385


13,334


-  other financial assets

18

3,606


168


448


296


4,518


Reinsurance assets


1,255


69


1,368


-


2,692


PVIF

19

-


-


-


7,149


7,149


Other assets and investment properties


2,670


2


235


453


3,360


Total assets at 31 Dec 2018


70,660


7,408


17,155


14,722


109,945


Liabilities under investment contracts designated at fair value


-


1,574


3,884


-


5,458


Liabilities under insurance contracts


69,269


5,789


12,272


-


87,330


Deferred tax

20

179


21


15


1,051


1,266


Other liabilities


-


-


-


3,659


3,659


Total liabilities


69,448


7,384


16,171


4,710


97,713


Total equity


-


-


-


12,232


12,232


Total equity and liabilities at 31 Dec 2018


69,448


7,384


16,171


16,942


109,945


For footnotes, see page 75.



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