Final Results

Caledonia Investments PLC 19 May 2004 Preliminary Results for the 12 months ended 31 March 2004 Key points • Substantial total return outperformance against FTSE All-Share Total Return • 90% outperformance over five years (77% vs -13%) • 44% outperformance over ten years (138% vs 94%) • 13% outperformance of NAV per share against FTSE All-Share over 12 months • Top quartile TSR performance over one, three, five and ten years • Company total return for the year of £283m (392p per share) • 4% increase in annual dividend to 27p marks 37th year of progressive annual dividends • £108m invested and £105m of divestments • Narrowing of share price discount to NAV from 30% to 20% over the year • Circular to shareholders for elective special dividend expected to be sent today Tim Ingram, Chief Executive, commented: 'Following our conversion to an investment trust, we have made considerable progress in enhancing NAV and our discount has substantially narrowed. We are continuing to see a strong flow of good business opportunities where our long term active approach is valued.' 19 May 2004 Enquiries: Caledonia Investments plc 020 7457 2020 (today) Tim Ingram, Chief Executive 020 7802 8080 (thereafter) Jonathan Cartwright, Finance Director College Hill Tony Friend 020 7457 2020 Richard Pearson Chairman's statement Results The first year for Caledonia as an authorised investment trust has been highly successful with significant outperformance recorded against its chosen benchmark. Total shareholder returns of 77% and 138% over five and ten years have outdistanced the FTSE All-Share Total Return index by 90% and 44% respectively. This performance has been achieved by following our long established strategy of taking significant stakes in businesses of which we have a good understanding, with particular emphasis on identifying high calibre management. We also take the longer term view. We are particularly pleased that this continued outperformance is being recognised in our share price, which over the financial year has increased by 58% from 642.5 pence to 1017 pence. This not only reflects the improved underlying net asset value but, just as encouragingly, a narrowing of the share price discount from 30% to 20%. Whilst it is always wise to acknowledge that we cannot control our own share price, we have made determined efforts to explain ourselves more widely to the retail investing community, which we believe has contributed to increased investor interest and the marked reduction in the discount. Our good results have enabled us to recommend an increased final dividend of 18.6 pence per share, resulting in an increase in our annual dividend from 26 pence to 27 pence. This is in line with our stated aim of progressive dividend increases, which has been unbroken for the past 37 years, and we are well positioned for this with distributable reserves of £451m which is unusually high for an investment trust. Settlement proposals In my interim statement I explained the proposals, put to us in June of last year, which would have resulted in the liquidation of the assets of Caledonia and destroyed a company that has produced outstanding long term performance for its shareholders. These proposals were nevertheless carefully considered by your board with advice from N M Rothschild & Sons and Cazenove & Co. With the benefit of this advice, the board unanimously concluded that the proposals were not in the best interests of shareholders. These proposals had been formulated by a minority group of shareholders in The Cayzer Trust Company, a 38% shareholder in Caledonia and wholly owned by members of the Cayzer family and related trusts. The support of a majority in Cayzer Trust was needed for the proposals to succeed, but in the event they were overwhelmingly rejected and formally withdrawn on 17 October 2003. Your board, as represented by all of its independent directors, was quite clear that it was not in the interests of the shareholders of Caledonia, nor its business, for this highly public dispute, which had lasted for several years, to continue and urged the board of Cayzer Trust to continue to seek a solution. This subsequently led to Caledonia's announcement, on 15 March this year, of a proposed return of funds by way of an elective special dividend, on up to two-ninths of all shareholdings, of an amount based on an 18% discount to the company's net asset value per share. This net asset value per share will be after making provision for the proposed final dividend, which will be paid to all shareholders on all their shares, whether or not they elect to receive the special dividend. All shares on which the special dividend is elected will be cancelled for nil consideration through a Court approved reduction of capital. If this proposal is approved, this net asset value will be struck shortly before the elective dividend is due to be paid in early July and will result in an enhanced net asset value per share for continuing shareholders of between 1.6% and 4.7%, depending on the level of take up of the elective special dividend. Cayzer Trust will elect to receive its dividend in full, which will enable it, in conjunction with existing resources, to pay out its dissident minority group of shareholders under the terms of an agreed settlement. We expect to send to shareholders today a circular setting out full particulars of the elective special dividend proposals and your board very much hopes that these proposals will be successfully concluded and allow management to concentrate fully on the development of the business. The circular also sets out proposals for Caledonia to renew its authority to make market purchases of its own shares and for approval of a waiver of the mandatory offer provisions in the City Code that might otherwise apply to the Cayzer concert party as a consequence of such purchases. Market purchases will only be made if the board believes that purchases of ordinary shares are in the best interests of Caledonia and its shareholders as a whole and will result in an increase in its net asset value per ordinary share. In no circumstances will Caledonia make market purchases that would result in the Cayzer concert party's voting rights exceeding 49.9%. Following new regulations which came into force on 1 December 2003, companies are enabled to hold shares acquired by market purchase as treasury shares. These shares can subsequently be held for cancellation or reissued for cash. The ability to do this would provide Caledonia with additional flexibility in the management of its capital base. Consequently, a minor amendment to the company's articles of association will be proposed to shareholders that, if passed, will enable the board to reissue shares on a non pre-emptive basis. These proposals are explained in detail in the circular. Board We were pleased to welcome John May, who joined the board as an executive director on 1 September last year. His experience over 25 years of advising, managing and investing in both listed and unlisted companies is well fitted to Caledonia's business model and he has already made a significant contribution. This appointment partly anticipated the retirement of Sir David Kinloch, who reached the age of 62 in January this year, but who remains a non-executive director until the conclusion of this year's AGM. David, who joined British & Commonwealth shortly before the separation from Caledonia, was a founder executive director of Caledonia when it took on its new life in 1988 and became deputy chief executive in 1994. His shrewd judgement and overall contribution during this time has been of great value to shareholders and I would like to welcome him most warmly. Outlook The difficult political and economic background, combined with instability in the Middle East, make the climate for investment judgements, as ever, most challenging. However, we continue to identify an encouraging number of opportunities, which we have found over the years do not always conform with world economic trends. Such opportunities can, if carefully chosen, still deliver value against the trend and we shall endeavour to succeed in this regard. Peter Buckley Chairman Chief executive's report This is the first year we are reporting our results as an investment trust, as we believe we have been meeting all the requirements for this status as from 1 April 2003. However, as for all investment trusts, this can only be confirmed by the Inland Revenue at a time after the end of each financial year. In the context of our new status, it is pleasing to note that we have been awarded the 'Brightest Newcomer' by the Investment Trusts magazine. Performance The year ended 31 March 2004 has seen strong growth in the value of our investment portfolio. Net assets per share have grown from 915p at the beginning of the year to 1278p at 31 March 2004 - a 40% growth. As the FTSE All-Share index has grown by 27% over the same period, this represents outperformance in net assets for the year of around 13%. Part of this outperformance can be attributed to the extent to which our investments have been in sectors which have grown at rates faster than the market as a whole, and nearly 8% of our outperformance can be attributed to us having, in aggregate, invested in companies that have themselves outperformed within their sectors. Table 1 shows an attribution summary of our performance over the year. One year performance attribution Table 1 Return % Market (FTSE All-Share index) 26.6 Stock selection 7.9 Sector allocation 7.0 Management and other expenses (1.8) Caledonia's NAV per share 39.7 Notwithstanding our good one year performance, we continue to believe that, given our long term approach, our total shareholder return ('TSR') measured over 5 and 10 year periods, gives a better measure of how we are performing for our shareholders. In this respect, as table 2 shows, for our TSR over 5 years we have again produced good absolute returns when the market as a whole has been negative, while we have also comfortably outperformed the market over 10 years. 5 and 10 year relative TSR performance Table 2 Caledonia FTSE All-Share Outperformance TSR TSR To 31 March 2004 % % % 5 years 77.2 (12.7) 89.9 10 years 138.5 94.3 44.2 This again easily puts us in the top quartile for TSR performance when measured against the Association of Investment Trust Companies global growth sector. Investment activity We believe that we have, in particular, two distinctive characteristics inherent in our investment style that help produce this performance. The first is the strong deal flow of investment opportunities that are specifically presented to us as a result of our valuable reputation as a long term supportive and constructively active investor. In this respect, during the course of last year our investment committee evaluated over 170 potential and serious new investment opportunities. We shortlist such opportunities down to a more manageable number that are then intensively evaluated. Considerable time is spent making sure that such investment opportunities are suitable for our approach, and indeed that the entry price offers good value. The most intensive part of our appraisal is the assessment of the calibre and capabilities of the management team. Out of all these opportunities during the year, we invested in just 7 new investments for a total amount of around £64m. In addition, we invested a further £44m as follow-on funding in existing investments. Both new and follow-on investments are shown in table 3. New and follow-on investments Table 3 Total Investment Amount holding Category Business £m % New investments Eddington 15.8 50.0 1 Unquoted Fund of hedge funds management company, plus Capital investment in fund Marketform 15.1 26.8 Unquoted Managing agent and insurance company SVB Holdings 14.0 5.3 Quoted Insurance company Melrose 6.0 6.7 Quoted Oil and gas company Resources MORI 5.8 16.0 Unquoted Opinion poll and market research company Oval 4.5 34.0 Unquoted Commercial lines insurance broker Tribal Group 2.3 1.6 Quoted Support services company 63.5 Follow-on investments Polar Capital 14.4 24.6 2 Unquoted Investment in various new funds launched by funds Polar Easybox 9.0 99.2 Unquoted Self storage business in Spain and Italy Paladin 4.1 11.1 Quoted Oil and gas company Resources Savills 3.3 3.8 Quoted Estate agency business Other 13.5 Includes drawdowns by various private equity funds 44.3 107.8 1. Holding in the management company. 2. Holding in the management company was unchanged. The second significant distinctive characteristic in our investment style is our hands on constructive involvement with each investee company, whether they are quoted or unquoted. This, we believe, provides more value creation than a passive investment style and has therefore significantly contributed to our outperformance. In most of our major investments, we have representation on the board - as evidenced by the fact that we have a Caledonia executive as a director on the boards of 16 of our top 20 investments. Throughout the year we have used these positions to influence constructively the operations and strategies of each investee company and in all cases maintain a close contact with the management of all of our major investee companies. Although we are long term investors, we are not 'forever' investors and believe that there comes a time when it is appropriate for us to divest. During the year, we realised nearly £105m from such divestments, which are listed in the table 4. Divestments Table 4 £m ICAP 26.4 Meinl European Land 14.1 Offshore Logistics/Bristow 1 12.9 Polar Capital funds 11.9 Ionian fund 9.1 Bateman Chapman 6.0 Compco 3.7 Quintain Estates & Development 2.3 Other 18.3 104.7 1. Redemption of loan note on maturity plus receipt from capital reduction. Naturally we seek to maximise returns when we realise an investment. However, care is taken to ensure that we do not damage our valuable reputation as a long term supportive investor. Liquidity The chairman's statement has explained the background and brief details of the recent proposal to pay an elective special dividend. More details on this are contained in our shareholder circular dated 19 May 2004. As the circular explains, based on valuations at 30 April 2004, the maximum estimated cash requirement for this proposal would be £158m. In this context, as at the same date, Caledonia had committed term bank facilities of £200m. This means that, notwithstanding the potential cash requirements of the proposal, we are well placed to take advantage of new investment opportunities. Shareholders In line with my comments last year, we have been continuing to make company presentations to private client fund managers and brokers in order to broaden the market for our shares. As a result, the percentage of our shares held by retail investors has increased. Over the long term, our ability to increase the asset value per share should provide the main component of shareholder returns. Nonetheless, we are fully aware of the desire of our shareholders also to see a narrowing of the discount of our share price compared with net assets per share. It is therefore pleasing to note that whereas this discount was 30% at 31 March 2003, by 31 March 2004 the discount had narrowed to 20%, and has further narrowed since then. We plan to continue our efforts to expand our appeal to retail investors during the current year. Recent activity Since the year end, we have invested about £50m. Table 5 lists our most significant recent investments. Significant investments since the year end Table 5 Total Investment Amount holding Category Business £m % Cobepa 20.0 10.0 Unquoted Belgium-based investment company Oval 10.5 34.0 Unquoted Commercial lines insurance broker (follow-on investment) Incisive Media 8.3 6.8 Quoted Business publishing Tribal Group 5.0 5.0 Quoted Support services for the UK public sector (follow-on investment) Our most significant divestment has been the sale of our stake in Radio Investments, which should realise £14m. The future We are continuing to see a strong flow of good business opportunities where our long term active approach is valued and can create outperformance. However, as in the past, we will be highly selective in choosing in which companies to invest and will be careful not to overpay. By carefully selecting the right opportunities where there are strong management teams, by continuing our active involvement in investee companies and through divesting when appropriate, we seek to maintain our distinctive performance. Tim Ingram Chief executive Objectives and strategy Objectives Caledonia aims to achieve a long term total shareholder return in excess of the FTSE All-Share while maintaining a progressive annual dividend, through a focused portfolio of significant stakes in companies where it believes there to be good opportunities for building value. Caledonia measures its performance over the long term by comparing its total shareholder return against the FTSE All-Share Total Return index over five and ten year periods. Strategy Caledonia's strategy is to invest in and actively manage significant stakes in 30 to 40 companies and situations where it believes there to be good opportunities for building value. Active management will usually be achieved by working closely and constructively with the investee management, often through board representation, as a long term supportive shareholder. Risk is managed by holding a diversified portfolio, with at least 50% of the portfolio in quoted securities or liquid assets. Caledonia self-manages its portfolio using in-house expertise, as well as using third party managers who specialise in particular asset classes or geographical areas. Caledonia seeks new investments with a typical size of £10m to £25m. Although Caledonia usually aims to have an influential minority stake it will, on occasion, be prepared to take a controlling interest where it believes that this will maximise shareholder value. When considering an investment opportunity, particular care is taken in appraising the capabilities and commitment of the management team of the prospective investee company. The anticipated total return from the investment, the strategy in relation to it, and the overall risks, are carefully analysed as part of the investment process. Caledonia will invest part of its portfolio in third party managed funds. Again, a core skill is its ability to assess the capabilities and commitment of the fund management team and Caledonia will often seek to obtain a significant stake in the management company, thereby potentially enhancing returns to shareholders. Caledonia seeks to work closely and constructively with the management of companies that it has backed and to make available the considerable experience of its own team to help the investee company's management to address the business issues. The strategy for each investment, including the returns and the timing of eventual disposal, is reviewed regularly. Investments are realised when it is believed that the funds released can provide better long term returns, but in a manner consistent with Caledonia's reputation as a supportive long term investor. Whilst the source of funding for new investments generally comes from its own resources, Caledonia may at times seek to enhance returns by taking on moderate levels of gearing. Tight control is exercised over costs, notwithstanding Caledonia's active and participative management style. Cost containment is significantly aided by managing the large majority of investments through the in-house management team. Competitive advantages Caledonia believes that its history and strategy deliver the following key competitive advantages: Favoured access - Caledonia's long established and valuable reputation as a supportive long term investor attracts a strong deal flow of opportunities not always available to others, which enables it to be highly selective in its investments. Long experience - Caledonia's management team has long experience of proactively working with the management teams of investee companies to identify and promote business growth opportunities. Self-management - Caledonia's portfolio is largely self-managed, thereby reducing third party fees and ensuring that performance gains accrue to Caledonia's shareholders. Where investments are made in managed funds, Caledonia seeks to secure a stake in the asset management business, to enhance further potential returns. Progressive dividends - Caledonia has a substantial level of distributable reserves to support its progressive dividend policy for the foreseeable future. Investment analysis Holdings of 1% or more of total assets Proportion Country of of total Name incorporation Nature of business Total assets £m % Close Brothers 1,2 UK Merchant banking 203.2 21.8 Kerzner International 1,2 Bahamas Resorts owner/operator 143.9 15.4 British Empire Securities 1,2 UK Investment trust 76.6 8.2 Quintain Estates & Development 1 UK Property holding/development 38.3 4.1 Paladin Resources 1 UK Oil and gas exploration 37.4 4.0 Rathbone Brothers 1,2 UK Fund management 34.9 3.7 Aberforth Partnership fund 3 UK Managed fund 32.9 3.5 Polar Capital 2,4 and funds 3 UK/Ireland Fund manager and funds 28.0 3.0 Offshore Logistics/Bristow 1,2 USA/UK Helicopter services 20.9 2.3 ISIS Asset Management 1,2 UK Fund manager 19.2 2.0 Eddington Capital 2,5 and fund 3 UK/Ireland Fund manager and funds 17.7 1.9 SVB Holdings 1,2 UK Insurance 15.5 1.7 Marketform 2 UK Insurance 15.1 1.6 Edinmore 2 UK Property trading 12.8 1.4 Amber Industrial 2 UK Specialty chemicals 12.7 1.4 A G Barr 1 UK Soft drinks 12.0 1.3 Radio Investments 2 UK Local radio 11.3 1.2 Wallem 2 Cayman Shipping services 10.7 1.2 Easybox 2 Luxembourg Self-storage 10.6 1.1 Savills 1,2 UK Property agency 10.0 1.1 Sterling Industries 2 UK Engineering 10.0 1.1 Melrose Resources 1 UK Oil and gas exploration 9.7 1.0 The Sloane Club 2 UK Residental club owner/operator 9.3 1.0 Buckingham Gate 2 UK Property holding 9.3 1.0 Other investments 87.7 9.4 Total investments 889.7 95.4 Net liquid assets 6 43.1 4.6 Total assets 932.8 100.0 Dividend accrual (13.4) Loan notes (4.8) Shareholders' funds 914.6 1. Equity securities listed on the UK or overseas stock exchanges. 2. Board representation. 3. Advisory committee representation. 4. Included £6.1m for the management company and £21.9m of funds. 5. Included £0.7m for the management company and £17.0m of funds. 6. Included £3.3m of net liquid assets held in subsidiary holding companies and £3.9m of own shares. Investment analysis Asset distribution Sector £m % Financial 302.8 32.5 Leisure and media 176.7 18.9 Industrial and services 129.3 13.9 Property 84.8 9.1 Managed general funds 188.7 20.2 Other 7.4 0.8 Net liquid assets 43.1 4.6 932.8 100.0 Category £m % Equities - quoted 640.4 68.7 Equities - unquoted 87.7 9.4 Loans and fixed income 59.2 6.3 Private equity LPs 52.9 5.7 Hedge and other funds 49.5 5.3 Net liquid assets 43.1 4.6 932.8 100.0 Geography £m % United Kingdom 706.3 75.7 Continental Europe 25.8 2.8 North America 182.0 19.5 Asia and Far East 17.4 1.9 Latin America 1.3 0.1 932.8 100.0 Based on country of domicile or underlying spread for funds. Currency £m % Pounds sterling 803.1 86.1 US dollar 97.2 10.4 Euro 17.3 1.9 Other 15.2 1.6 932.8 100.0 Based on currency of investment, net of currency hedges. Investment analysis Sector weighting Caledonia organises its investments into sectors, based on groupings of the FTSE industry sectors. The following table shows how the FTSE industry sectors are allocated to the Caledonia sectors. UK listed securities are classified according to their standard listing sector. Other securities are classified according to the FTSE sector they would probably be included in if they were listed. Financial Industrial and services Other Banks Aerospace and defence Electricity Insurance Automobiles and parts Food and drug retailers Life assurance Chemicals Food producers and processors Speciality and other finance Electronic and electrical Gas distribution equipment Engineering and machinery General retailers Leisure and media Oil and gas Health Beverages Steel and other metals Household goods and textiles Leisure, entertainment and Support services Information technology hardware hotels Media and photography Transport Mining Tobacco Personal care and household products Property Pharmaceuticals and biotech Managed general funds Construction and building Software and computer services Investment companies materials Telecommunication services Forestry and paper Utilities other Real estate The following table shows the weighting of Caledonia's portfolio by sector in relation to the equivalent FTSE industry grouping: FTSE Portfolio Portfolio All-Share £m % % Financial 302.8 34.0 24.1 Leisure and media 176.7 19.9 11.7 Industrial and services 129.3 14.6 20.9 Property 84.8 9.5 4.6 Managed general funds 188.7 21.2 2.5 Other 7.4 0.8 36.2 889.7 100.0 100.0 Investment analysis Holdings by sector Private Loans equity Hedge Proportion and and of Equity Quoted Unquoted fixed partner- other total Name interest equities equities income ships funds Total assets % £m £m £m £m £m £m % Financial Close Brothers 17.6 203.2 -- -- -- -- 203.2 21.8 Rathbone Brothers 11.3 34.9 -- -- -- -- 34.9 3.7 ISIS Asset Management 6.3 19.2 -- -- -- -- 19.2 2.0 SVB Holdings 5.3 10.0 -- 5.5 -- -- 15.5 1.7 Marketform 26.8 -- 7.6 7.5 -- -- 15.1 1.6 Polar Capital 24.6 -- 4.4 1.7 -- -- 6.1 0.7 Oval 34.0 -- 3.0 1.5 -- -- 4.5 0.5 Eddington Capital 50.0 -- 0.1 0.6 -- -- 0.7 0.1 Other investments -- 3.6 -- -- -- 3.6 0.4 267.3 18.7 16.8 -- -- 302.8 32.5 Leisure and media Kerzner International 1 20.2 143.9 -- -- -- -- 143.9 15.4 A G Barr 9.4 12.0 -- -- -- -- 12.0 1.3 Radio Investments 39.5 -- 10.6 0.7 -- -- 11.3 1.2 The Sloane Club 100.0 -- 9.3 -- -- -- 9.3 1.0 Other investments -- 0.2 -- -- -- 0.2 -- 155.9 20.1 0.7 -- -- 176.7 18.9 Industrial and services Paladin Resources 11.1 37.4 -- -- -- -- 37.4 4.0 Offshore Logistics/ 5.8 16.3 4.6 -- -- -- 20.9 2.3 Bristow Amber Industrial 100.0 -- 0.9 11.9 -- -- 12.8 1.4 Wallem 74.4 -- 10.7 -- -- -- 10.7 1.2 Easybox 99.2 -- -- 10.6 -- -- 10.6 1.1 Sterling Industries 100.0 -- 9.7 0.3 -- -- 10.0 1.1 Melrose Resources 6.7 9.7 -- -- -- -- 9.7 1.0 Other investments 6.9 1.4 7.6 1.3 -- 17.2 1.8 70.3 27.3 30.4 1.3 -- 129.3 13.9 Property Quintain Estates & 7.0 38.3 -- -- -- -- 38.3 4.1 Development Edinmore 100.0 -- 3.7 9.0 -- -- 12.7 1.4 Savills 3.8 10.0 -- -- -- -- 10.0 1.1 Buckingham Gate 100.0 -- 8.5 0.8 -- -- 9.3 1.0 Other investments -- 8.1 1.5 -- 4.9 14.5 1.5 48.3 20.3 11.3 -- 4.9 84.8 9.1 Managed general funds British Empire Securities 19.7 76.6 -- -- -- -- 76.6 8.2 Aberforth Partnership 25.5 -- -- -- 32.9 -- 32.9 3.5 fund Polar Capital funds -- -- -- -- 21.9 21.9 2.3 Eddington Capital fund -- -- -- -- 17.0 17.0 1.8 Other investments 14.6 1.3 -- 18.7 5.7 40.3 4.4 91.2 1.3 -- 51.6 44.6 188.7 20.2 Non-categorised 7.4 -- -- -- -- 7.4 0.8 investments Total investments 640.4 87.7 59.2 52.9 49.5 889.7 95.4 Net liquid assets 43.1 4.6 Total assets 932.8 100.0 Dividend accrual (13.4) Loan notes (4.8) Shareholders' funds 914.6 1. Included £3.7m representing the value of hedges against $150m of currency exposure. Investment review Financial Caledonia has a history of success with investments in financial services and our active involvement in the development of many financial services businesses has given us an extensive knowledge of this sector. Our weighting of 34% is greater than the FTSE All-Share weighting of 24% and reflects our belief in the sector's long term prospects. Over the year, the value of our holdings in financial services companies has risen by 60%, compared with an increase of 27% in this sector of the FTSE All-Share. Close Brothers valuation: £203.2; holding: 17.6% Close Brothers is the largest independent quoted merchant bank in the UK. Caledonia has been a supportive shareholder in Close Brothers since 1986, a fact that highlights both our long term investment approach and our ability to identify sound management. Caledonia plays an active role at Close Brothers with a non-executive directorship. The success of this investment has resulted in it becoming our largest holding by value. Over the year, the performance of the shares has been strong, rising 64% and far outstripping the rise in the FTSE All-Share index of 27%. In addition, Close Brothers paid a dividend of 26p per share for its financial year to 31 July 2003 out of earnings per share before goodwill amortisation of 41.0p. Close Brothers released its interim results for 2004 at the beginning of March. The results demonstrated the continued steady organic growth of its lending activities and, following the end of the long bear market, the improved fortunes and outlook for its investment banking operations. Overall, group operating profits before taxation and goodwill amortisation rose by 46% to £57.8m and earnings per share before amortisation of goodwill rose by 44% to 27.7p. Banking profits, which represented around 52% of group operating profits, rose by 10% compared with the same period a year earlier. The loan book grew by 11% and bad debt charges remained stable. Meanwhile, investment banking profits more than doubled compared with the first half of 2003. The asset management division saw funds under management grow to £5.0bn at the end of January 2004, with net new funds totalling £300m. Within corporate finance, activity improved in mergers and acquisitions, and market making profits doubled, reflecting the strong rise in the equity market and increased private client confidence. Rathbone Brothers valuation: £34.9m; holding: 11.3% This has been a good year for Rathbones, one of the UK's leading private client discretionary fund management businesses. Over our year to 31 March 2004, the share price rose by 68%, making it one of our best performing investments. The company announced an unchanged dividend of 26p per share for its year ending 31 December 2003. Caledonia originally identified Rathbones as an investment opportunity, because of its strong and highly regarded management, and in 1995 we bought a stake of 8%. We have a representative on the board. In the year ending 31 December 2003, Rathbones' funds under management grew by 28% to £6.8bn. This compared with a rise in the FTSE 100 index of 13.6% over the same period. During the year, the company had particular success in attracting mandates from charities and its excellent investment performance has continued to attract funds into its unit trust business, where funds under management at its year end stood at over £500m. These encouraging trends, together with a focus on managing costs in the business, led to a 12.4% increase in earnings per share before goodwill amortisation to 38.1p. ISIS Asset Management valuation: £19.2m; holding: 6.3% ISIS is one of the ten largest UK fund management businesses and aims to be one of the top five by 2007. Caledonia has been a significant investor in ISIS and its forerunners - Ivory & Sime and Friends, Ivory & Sime - since 1994. A Caledonia director has been the chairman since 1995. Funds under management have grown from £3.0bn in 1994 to £63.5bn at the end of December 2003. Like many asset management companies, the shares have risen strongly since the stock market bottomed in March 2003, increasing in value by 45% during the year to 31 March 2004. The company paid an unchanged dividend for its 2003 financial year of 11p per share. During 2003, ISIS saw a significant improvement in its financial performance, with earnings per share before amortisation of goodwill and exceptional items increasing by over 15% to 12p. Operating margins increased from 28.2% to 32.7%, reflecting in part the company's focus on cost control as well as the successful integration of Royal & SunAlliance Investments, which it acquired in 2002. 2003 saw a number of initiatives to grow the business. A combination of improved investment performance, underpinned by focused advertising and significant profile building exercises in the media, has resulted in a number of ISIS's retail funds being added to the recommendation lists of leading independent financial advisers. ISIS also successfully launched a new listed investment company, the ISIS Property Trust, which invests directly in UK commercial properties. More recently, the company has signed heads of agreement to acquire an equity stake in Cardinal Capital Partners, which is a new business focused on the rapidly growing sector of alternative investments. SVB Holdings valuation: £15.5m; holding: 5.3% SVB is a Lloyd's insurance business, focusing on longer tail speciality lines, such as financial institutions cover, directors' and officers' liability and professional indemnity, as well as shorter tail property insurance, aviation re-insurance and some marine risks. Its shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange, but have traded at a discount to net tangible assets since the events of 11 September 2001. Premium rates turned up sharply after those losses and SVB has benefited from this. Before May 2003, Caledonia had no exposure to the insurance underwriting sector, but believed that there were good opportunities available. We agreed to act as a cornerstone investor in SVB's placing and open offer in May 2003, and following a further strengthening of its management team last summer, bought further shares in the market, taking the total cost to £9.1m. In November 2003, we subscribed £4.9m towards its £50m sterling convertible bond issue. SVB announced its results for 2003 in mid March, which were in line with market expectations, in spite of making substantial further additions to underwriting reserves for 2001 and prior years. Caledonia has had board representation since January 2004. Marketform valuation: £15.1m; holding: 26.8% Established in the 1980s, Marketform is an unquoted Lloyd's insurance business with substantial management ownership. It specialises in medical malpractice and other specialist classes of liability underwriting business for clients outside the USA. Marketform manages the business of a consortium of medical malpractice underwriters on a fee and profit commission basis and participates in the consortium through Syndicate 2468, for which it is also the managing agent. Premium rates for Marketform's classes of business hardened after 11 September 2001. In autumn 2003, Caledonia became a minority shareholder through an investment of £15m in equity and loan capital designed to enable Marketform to take additional underwriting capacity in advantageous market conditions. Caledonia has two representatives on the board. Results for 2003 have been in line with expectations and the outlook for premium rates remains attractive. Polar Capital valuation: £6.1m (£28.0m including funds); holding: 24.6% In January 2001, Caledonia co-founded Polar Capital with three highly respected fund managers. Our ability to help them in formulating the Polar Capital structure, obtaining FSA approvals and recruitment of its key personnel, illustrates well our ability to play a constructive role in the formation of a business that has shown impressive growth. Funds under management have grown substantially over the year and totalled US$2.2bn at the year end. Polar Capital is a research driven fund management company, providing a highly entrepreneurial environment for talented managers within a structure that offers a level of marketing, administrative and operational support normally only found in much larger organisations. With 29 investment professionals on the staff, Polar Capital manages US$0.7bn in hedge funds and the balance in long-only funds. Polar Capital's funds under management can be broken down as follows: US$1.0bn in technology funds, US$0.8bn in the Japanese portfolio and US$0.4bn in various European and UK products. Caledonia owns 24.6% of the company, with the staff owning the balance, and is represented on the board of the management company and the boards of its funds. As a result of the success and profitability of the business, the value of our investment increased from £3.6m to £6.1m during the year. The cost of our investment in Polar Capital was £2.4m. Oval valuation: £4.5m; holding: 34.0% UK commercial insurance broking is a fragmented industry with many participants. Oval is a company formed to bring together the best of these, buying regional broking businesses for a mixture of cash and its own shares, whilst retaining the value of local relationships. A growing market share should enable the group to benefit from economies of scale and better terms of trade from insurers. RP Hodson, a substantial commercial broking and financial services business based in Wakefield, was Oval's first acquisition, completed in October 2003. Oval's second acquisition, signed in April 2004, is Bland Bankart, a leading commercial broker with offices in Leicester, Nottingham, Birmingham, Luton and London. Caledonia has participated in Oval by subscribing a total of £15m for ordinary shares and convertible loan stock, 30% of which was called up at 31 March 2004. Caledonia has two representatives on the Oval board. Eddington Capital valuation: £0.7m (£17.7m including funds); holding: 50.0% Eddington Capital was established in 2003 and is another example of Caledonia co-founding a business in the fund management arena. As a specialist in high return fund of hedge funds, Eddington Capital launched its flagship Triple Alpha Fund on 1 September 2003, which Caledonia seeded with £15m. So far, the performance of the Triple Alpha Fund has been promising, increasing by 13.5%, net of all fees, in the first seven months. Eddington Capital, based in London, is a joint venture between its management and Caledonia. Caledonia is represented on its board. Investment review Leisure and media Caledonia has experience of the leisure and media sector through its involvement in the hospitality, print and broadcasting industries. Our confidence in the long term prospects of this sector has led to a weighting greater than the FTSE All-Share index, at 20% compared with 12%. Over the year, our holdings have increased in value by 49%, compared with an increase in the leisure and media companies in the FTSE All-Share index of 40%. Kerzner International valuation: £143.9m; holding: 20.2% Kerzner International ('KI') is a leading developer, owner and operator of luxury resort hotels worldwide. Caledonia backed the management team when Sun International Hotels (now KI) was founded in 1994. Over the year, the shares have risen by 95% in dollar terms and, during the year, we have offset some of the negative impact of a weaker dollar by partially hedging our exposure. Caledonia has had board representation since the outset. KI recently reported a strong set of results for the year ended 31 December 2003. Adjusted earnings per share were US$2.36, an increase of 15% over the previous year, due primarily to Paradise Island, Mohegan Sun and a lower interest expense. At Paradise Island in the Bahamas, the company's flagship operation, KI achieved record gross revenue and EBITDA for the second consecutive year. KI owns 50% of Trading Cove Associates, which receives a 5% participation in the gross revenues of the recently expanded Mohegan Sun Casino complex in Connecticut, USA, owned by the Mohegan Tribe. Gross revenues grew strongly in 2003, rising by 14%. KI's share of the fees was US$35.7m. In February 2004, KI announced the official opening of the One&Only Palmilla, which is its latest addition to the One&Only brand. The company has transformed one of the best-known properties in the Los Cabos region of Mexico into an unparalleled six-star destination. In addition to good trading results with continued growth shown by the first quarter's figures, KI has a number of important developments in the pipeline. A further US$800m expansion is planned for Paradise Island and in Dubai, where the One&Only Royal Mirage management contract continues to perform well, a new Atlantis, The Palm, Jumeirah, is planned in conjunction with a local partner. This new Atlantis would comprise a 1,000 room hotel together with an extensive water theme park. In the UK, KI was recently granted a gaming licence to enable it to move forward with its first casino, in Northampton. It also holds a 37.5% interest in the BLB consortium which has bid for Wembley plc. A G Barr valuation: £12.0m; holding: 9.4% A G Barr is a Scottish-based manufacturer, marketer and distributor of soft drinks, which includes well known brands such as Irn-Bru, Tizer and Orangina. Profits for its year to 31 January 2004 improved by a satisfactory 13% to £13.8m, due to the good summer and tighter cost control. Earnings per share rose by 14.0% to 49.9p and the dividend increased by 10.4% to 25.5p. Cash increased substantially to £25m during the year, reflecting not only excellent trading, but lower investment than usual, although the company anticipates increasing capital expenditure to provide efficiencies for the future. The share price rose 34% over our year to 31 March. Caledonia has a long association with the management, where a number of changes have recently taken place. Robin Barr, chairman and chief executive for 26 years, has divided these roles, remaining chairman and appointing a new chief executive. Radio Investments valuation: £11.3m; holding: 39.5% Caledonia has been a cornerstone investor in Radio Investments since 1989 and throughout this period has had board representation. Caledonia currently provides Radio Investments' non-executive chairman. Investing in Radio Investments provided Caledonia with an indirect interest in Capital Radio, the UK's largest commercial radio operation. In 1998, Radio Investments placed its stake in Capital Radio, realising a profit on cost of over £40m, part of which was distributed to shareholders. Radio Investments currently has interests in 22 smaller radio stations and has become a market leader in the independent local radio sector. Recent trading has been healthy with Radio Investments returning to profitability in the 18 month period to March 2004. This was driven by a combination of cost containment and good revenue growth in an improving advertising environment. In the near term, Radio Investments should benefit from further increases in advertising spending and it is well positioned to take part in any consolidation in the radio sector. Since the year end, the sale of Radio Investments has been announced, by means of an accelerated IPO. Following completion, Caledonia expects to receive about £13.6m net of costs for its shareholding in the company. The Sloane Club valuation: £9.3m; holding: 100% The Sloane Club is a residential members club, based in the heart of Chelsea. Caledonia bought the Club in 1993 on a long lease, both as a property investment and because of its trading potential. It has been enlarged and modernised and currently has a membership of around 3,750. In January of this year, a £1m programme to upgrade the rooms and install air conditioning was commenced, with completion planned for the summer season. Caledonia provides the chairman of The Sloane Club and is actively involved in its management. Towards the end of the year, the financing structure of The Sloane Club was changed, with the Club taking on bank borrowing of £14.0m and returning funds to Caledonia, thereby reducing our equity value by this amount. In addition, there was a small reduction in valuation reflecting the downturn in activity. Whilst membership has remained stable, profitability has been adversely affected by a slowdown in the number of overseas visitors. In common with many clubs, The Sloane Club has reciprocal arrangements with overseas clubs, however, their members are being deterred from visiting London by a combination of the strength of sterling and the perceived risk of terrorist activity. Investment review Industrial and services Caledonia's experience in the industrial and services sector dates back many decades, giving us the expertise to work closely with management teams. Despite this, good opportunities in this sector have been difficult to find and, as a result, only 15% of our investments are in this sector, compared with 21% for the FTSE All-Share index. However, we have made follow-on investments in activities where we see value opportunities. Over the year, our holdings have increased in value by 12%, compared with an increase in the industrial and services companies in the FTSE All-Share index of 22%. Paladin Resources valuation: £37.4m; holding: 11.1% Paladin is an independent oil and gas producer with assets in the UK, Norwegian and Danish sectors of North Sea, Indonesia and Tunisia. Caledonia developed an association with the management of Paladin in the early 1990s when they successfully developed, and eventually sold, Clyde Petroleum. The management have set demanding targets for both production and reserves and have strategically positioned the company as the natural partner for oil majors wanting to dispose of assets. A targeted exploration programme supplements this strategy. Paladin completed another highly successful year with pre-tax profit rising from £66.0m to £84.8m. This translated into a 15% rise in earnings per share to 8.92p. Caledonia took the opportunity to increase its shareholding to 11.1% by participating in Paladin's placing and open offer in January 2004, the proceeds of which contributed towards the US$153m purchase of a package of North Sea interests from BP and Amerada Hess. Paladin's share price has risen by 46% during our year to 31 March 2004 and the company recently increased its full year dividend by 5% to 1.575p per share for its financial year ended 31 December 2003. Offshore Logistics/Bristow valuation: £20.9m; holding: 5.8% Offshore Logistics/Bristow is the world's largest provider of helicopter transportation services to the oil and gas industry. Caledonia has been connected with this industry for many years, initially through Bristow Helicopters, which, since 1996, has been associated with Offshore Logistics, the NYSE listed helicopter operator. During the year to 31 March 2004, the company's shares rose by 28%. Caledonia has board representation. In February this year, Offshore Logistics reported diluted earnings per share of US$0.86 for the three quarters to 31 December 2003, compared with US$1.39 for the comparative period, after charging US$0.28 per share of reorganisation and recapitalisation costs and after US dollar weakness on non-dollar denominated revenues. In an extremely competitive industry, with powerful and demanding customers, the company is taking further steps to maintain its pre-eminent position through new fleet introductions, customer and safety orientated initiatives and a drive for increased efficiencies. Also during the year, loan stock of £6.5m was repaid and we received a further £6.4m following a capital reorganisation of Bristow. These repayments reduced the net carrying value of our investment. Amber Industrial valuation: £12.8m; holding: 100% Amber is a specialty chemicals business, traditionally focussing on silicone compounding, aerosol products and specialist industrial consumables. However, Amber is currently in discussions to sell its aerosol division and this sale should be concluded by the early part of the summer. There has also been further expansion within the silicone division, with the acquisition of Engineered Polymers Inc, and the building of a new facility in Richmond, Virginia. Trading profits were down by 40%, however this included some significant one-off costs related to stock write-offs, the expansion of the silicones division and the potential sale of the aerosol division. As a result, Amber's valuation has been reduced to £12.8m. Wallem valuation: £10.7m; holding: 74.4% Wallem is a leading diversified shipping services business based in Hong Kong. Its activities encompass ship and cargo broking, ship management and ship agency services. Caledonia's investment in Wallem was made in 1992, following a long association with the Wallem management. The valuation of this investment has risen by over £3m during the year, reflecting its strong operating performance in buoyant markets. Wallem is geographically well positioned to take advantage of the rapid growth in Chinese trade. The company produced good results in its last financial year ended 30 September 2003 and against a background of a very active shipping sector, it is producing strong results in its current financial year. The continued global economic recovery, coupled with Wallem's long-standing presence in Asia, augurs well for the company. Easybox valuation: £10.6m; holding: 99.2% Easybox is a self-storage business currently operating in Italy and Spain, which was established by Caledonia in 2000 with a 49.6% joint venture partner. The management team had previously successfully developed Abacus Self Storage, a Caledonia subsidiary which was sold in 1998 for a substantial profit. During the year, Caledonia bought out the joint venture partner. Whilst individual sites are trading well, Easybox itself has yet to reach critical mass and is seeking further sites, which is continuing to prove difficult. During the year, it added one site in Milan, taking the total number of facilities to six, and is currently appraising a further site in Rome. Sterling Industries valuation: £10.0m; holding: 100% Sterling Industries is the holding company for three core businesses. Sterling Hydraulics is a manufacturer of hydraulic valves primarily used in construction and off-road machinery, Process Combustion Corporation is a specialist thermal engineering company providing thermal solutions for pollution control and Bloom Burners is a manufacturer of burners for the iron, steel and aluminium industries. Trading has been stronger at Sterling Hydraulics with the beginnings of a recovery in demand. Process Combustion has also had a successful year, incorporating two small but strategic acquisitions and winning further projects for the current year. Bloom has had a difficult year with the steel industry starting off in a very depressed state, but now with strong steel prices, mills are working flat out, which bodes well for the current year. The investment in a new facility in China is on course and Bloom China recently won its first local order. Melrose Resources valuation: £9.7m; holding: 6.7% During the year, we have built up a shareholding in this oil and gas exploration and production company. Melrose operates principally in Bulgaria and Egypt, but also owns stakes in US oil fields. Over the past 12 months, Melrose announced significant exploration successes in Egypt, which have been rapidly brought on stream. An aggressive drilling programme is in place for 2004 to take advantage of these successes and expand the Egyptian operations. In Bulgaria, where the company has interests in three 100% owned concessions, work has recently finished on a pipeline and onshore process plant with first production expected in April 2004. Further exploration will be undertaken in Bulgaria throughout the year. In the US, Melrose is concentrating on developing its working interests with an eye to a step change in production over the next two to three years. For 2003, Melrose announced a small profit on turnover of £7m and earnings per share of 6.3p, compared with a loss of 13.6p in 2002. Production during the year increased 127% to 2,600 barrels of oil equivalent per day at year end and there was a 46% increase in reserves to 42m barrels of oil equivalent. Investment review Property Caledonia's history of property investment has gained us valuable knowledge of this sector. We invest in both property assets and in property management teams. Our weighting in property companies is 9%, compared with 5% in the FTSE All-Share index, which represents quoted property companies only and not properties held through unquoted vehicles. Over the year, our holdings have increased in value by 40%, compared with an increase in the property companies in the FTSE All-Share index of 56%. Quintain Estates & Development valuation: £38.3m; holding: 7.0% Quintain is a property investment and development company with a proven track record. It specialises in commercial properties with challenging financial characteristics. The shares have performed strongly during the year, rising by 87% and outperforming both the FTSE All-Share index and the FTSE property sector index. Two of Quintain's special projects are at the Greenwich Peninsula and Wembley, which, combined, make one of the largest urban regeneration programmes in the UK. At Wembley, Quintain owns 55 acres surrounding, but not including, the new National Stadium and at the Greenwich Peninsula it owns 18.5 acres of land as well as a 49% stake in Meridian Delta, which has rights to develop the 190 acre site. Edinmore valuation: £12.7m; holding: 100% Edinmore is a wholly owned property trading company with a profit sharing arrangement with the management. Edinmore has established an excellent reputation, which brings opportunities not always available to others. Caledonia provides loan funding and is actively involved in investment decisions. During the year, Edinmore bought £19m of new properties and resold £18m which, net of costs and management fees, generated a pre-tax return to Caledonia of £1.6m. The bulk of the remaining trading stock is expected to be sold in the second half of the current year. Savills valuation: £10.0m; holding: 3.8% Savills is a property agency and advisory company. Recognising the strength and calibre of the management team, and the potential for value creation, Caledonia built up its stake mainly in early 2003. During our financial year, the shares performed very strongly, rising by 213%. Savills' results for its financial year to 31 December 2003 showed a strong growth in the business, with operating profits of £36.5m up 25% on the previous year. One of Caledonia's directors is a non-executive director of Savills. Buckingham Gate valuation: £9.3m; holding: 100% Caledonia acquired 30 Buckingham Gate in 2001 for its headquarters as the scale of our activities had outgrown the former City office. The property is a seven floor office building and is in a prime West End location. Caledonia occupies four floors, with the remaining space let out. As well as being our head office, this allows us to let space, and thereby provide easy access, to some of our investee companies. During the year, external loan finance of £6.5m was put in place for this investment, to repay a loan from Caledonia, thereby reducing the valuation of our investment. In addition, an external valuation of the building caused a further small reduction in value. Investment review Managed general funds Caledonia has particular expertise in identifying, supporting and encouraging asset management teams, which we often back with an investment in the management company as well as in the managed fund. Our weighting of 21% in managed general funds is greater than the 2% of investment companies that make up the FTSE All-Share index, as a substantial proportion of our interests in managed funds are structured as limited partnerships or offshore investment funds. Over the year, our holdings have increased in value by 53%, compared with an increase in the managed general funds companies in the FTSE All-Share index of 40%. British Empire Securities valuation: £76.6m; holding: 19.7% British Empire Securities is a UK investment trust whose objective is to achieve capital growth through a focused portfolio of investments, particularly in companies whose share prices stand at a discount to estimated underlying asset value. Caledonia has actively backed British Empire Securities and its management since 1991, when we took a significant stake in the company. Since that date we have had board representation. British Empire Securities is the best performing investment trust over five years, in terms of share price total return, in the AITC global growth sector. The trust trades on a very low discount to its net asset value, which at the end of March 2004 was 4.8% compared with 15.2% for the global growth sector as a whole. The net asset value of British Empire Securities rose by 50.8% and its total shareholder return was 61.3% for the year ended 31 March 2004. This compared with a total shareholder return of 31.0% for the FTSE All-Share index. The company recently announced that it had won two industry awards. It achieved first place in Investment Week's Investment Trust of the Year Awards - Global including US category and it also achieved first place in the Global category of the Moneywise investment trust awards 2004. Aberforth Partnership fund valuation: £32.9m; holding: 25.5% This limited partnership has a remit to acquire significant shareholdings in smaller UK listed companies and to work with boards and managements to release latent value. At launch in March 2001, Caledonia committed £25m to this £163m geared fund and the full commitment was drawn down by 31 March 2003. The net cost of our original investment was reduced to £19m by March 2004 as a result of realisations by the partnership and distributions to the limited partners. As at 31 March 2004, the fund had investments in twelve companies and, based on realised and unrealised gains, had generated an IRR of some 26% since launch, significantly outperforming the FTSE All-Share index. Caledonia is represented on the advisory committee. Polar Capital funds valuation: £21.9m (£28.0m including holding in manager) Caledonia has an investment in both Polar Capital and a number of its investment funds. Our investment in the management company is described above and our investments in the Polar Capital funds are described below. The majority of our Polar Capital fund investments are in hedge funds, which aim to generate a positive return substantially above the market risk free rate, irrespective of market conditions. These funds have performed well, returning between 12% and 24% over the year. During the year, and in anticipation of a weakening dollar, we have moved out of US dollar and into sterling denominated funds. We also invested an additional £2.7m in the new European hedge fund. We also hold a £5.9m investment in the long-only Global Technology Fund, which increased in value by 106% over the year, substantially outperforming the NASDAQ 100. Eddington Capital fund valuation: £17.0m (£17.7m including holding in manager) Caledonia has an investment in both Eddington Capital and in its Triple Alpha Fund. Our investment in the management company is described above and our £15.0m investment in the Triple Alpha Fund is described below. The Eddington Capital Triple Alpha Fund uses a multi-strategy fund of hedge funds approach and seeks to return 20% per annum net to investors. Fund selection is both qualitative and quantitative and aims to combine exceptional fund managers with intelligent portfolio construction. The performance of the Triple Alpha Fund has been promising, increasing net asset value by 13.5%, net of all fees, in the first seven months. Financial review As at 1 April 2003, Caledonia had completed the substantial restructuring needed to enable the company to be managed in accordance with the requirements for authorised investment trust status. However, as with all investment trusts, compliance can only be confirmed by the Inland Revenue after the end of each financial year. In order to provide financial information that is comparable with other investment trusts, presentation and accounting policy changes have been made. Some of these changes took effect in the last annual report, and some appear this year for the first time. For the reasons discussed below, we believe that the company statement of total return and company balance sheet are the most relevant statements for reporting our performance as an investment trust company. Therefore, this statement discusses the financial results of the company. Presentation of the financial statements Caledonia is an investment trust company, but we are relatively unusual among our peers because we hold trading subsidiaries as part of our investment portfolio. Our ownership of subsidiaries requires us to prepare consolidated financial statements, but the accounting rules prevent us from including subsidiaries in those statements at valuation. The consolidated balance sheet would not, therefore, give a presentation of our investment portfolio consistent with other investment trusts. However, the company balance sheet does allow us to show the entire portfolio (including subsidiaries) at valuation and is, therefore, considered to be the most relevant statement in presenting our financial position. Actual proceeds from the disposal of any individual investment will inevitably depend on market and economic conditions prevailing at the time. The company statement of total return is presented as part of the audited financial statements for the first time. Comparatives for the year to 31 March 2003 have been presented, but on a pro forma basis only, as Caledonia was not an investment trust company during 2003. The comparatives show the position had Caledonia been an investment trust company during that period, but exclude the effect of the restructuring. A further change in presentation has been made this year. In previous years, Caledonia, as a trading and investment company, took the view that entities over which it exercised significant influence were associated undertakings and were accounted for using the equity method. On its conversion to an investment trust company on 1 April 2003, we reviewed this treatment. Only those entities through which the company carries out its own business and over which the company exercises significant influence are regarded as associated undertakings. Caledonia now views all other entities that were previously classed as associated undertakings as part of the investment portfolio. As required by FRS 9, these investments are not accounted for by the equity method, but held at valuation. Company total return Company total return for the year was £282.8m, or 391.5p per share, compared with a pro forma loss of £183.2m, or -254.0p per share, last year. Realised capital profits of £20.1m included profits of £21.0m and £8.2m on the sale of ICAP and of Meinl European Land respectively. This was offset by losses of £5.1m and £3.5m on the sale of London Forfaiting and the Ionian fund investments, as the portfolio was rationalised following the strategic review that took place in 2002. Unrealised capital gains of £254.2m reflected substantial rises in the value of investments. Of particular note, the valuation of Close Brothers rose by £79.4m and Kerzner International by £60.5m, the latter after taking account of US$150m of forward currency contracts. These were taken out to enable us to hedge part of our US dollar investment in Kerzner International against the expected weakening of the US dollar. Income from investments of £21.5m rose marginally from last year's figure of £20.0m. This reflected maintained or increased dividends from our principal investments. Management costs rose to £9.1m from £8.3m last year. This movement included increased bonuses, reflecting the company's substantial outperformance. Other corporate costs of £2.5m comprised the costs incurred in relation to the liquidation proposals promoted by a minority of shareholders in The Cayzer Trust Company, which were subsequently withdrawn, and also the costs of a proposed elective special dividend, details of which are contained in a circular being sent to shareholders. These matters are referred to in the chairman's statement. The total taxation charge (revenue and capital) for the year amounted to £0.4m, compared with a £14.0m credit last year. Last year's credit included the release of the provision against unrecognised losses amounting to £17.9m and a £5.5m charge associated with the restructuring. Dividend An interim dividend of 8.4p per share has been paid and the directors have recommended a final dividend of 18.6p per share, making a total of 27.0p per share for the year at a cost of £19.4m. This is a 3.8% increase over the total dividend for 2003 of 26.0p per share. The final dividend will be paid to all shareholders on all of their shares, whether or not they elect to receive the special dividend referred to in the chairman's statement. Jonathan Cartwright Finance director Company statement of total return For the year ended 31 March 2004 Pro Pro Pro forma forma forma Revenue Capital Total Revenue Capital Total 2004 2004 2004 2003 2003 2003 £m £m £m £m £m £m Gains/(losses) on investments Realised -- 20.1 20.1 -- 17.1 17.1 Unrealised -- 254.2 254.2 -- (221.8) (221.8) -- 274.3 274.3 -- (204.7) (204.7) Income 21.5 -- 21.5 20.0 -- 20.0 Administrative expenses (9.1) -- (9.1) (8.3) -- (8.3) Costs of liquidation and settlement proposals (2.5) -- (2.5) -- -- -- Restructuring costs -- -- -- (4.0) -- (4.0) Return before finance costs and tax 9.9 274.3 284.2 7.7 (204.7) (197.0) Interest payable (1.0) -- (1.0) (0.2) -- (0.2) Return before tax 8.9 274.3 283.2 7.5 (204.7) (197.2) Tax on ordinary activities -- (0.4) (0.4) 1.5 12.5 14.0 Return attributable to shareholders 8.9 273.9 282.8 9.0 (192.2) (183.2) Return per ordinary share Basic 12.3p 379.2p 391.5p 12.5p -266.5p -254.0p Diluted 12.3p 378.4p 390.7p 12.5p -266.5p -254.0p Company reconciliation of movement in shareholders' funds 2004 2003 £m £m Revenue return 8.9 9.0 Capital return 273.9 (192.2) Total return 282.8 (183.2) Dividends (19.4) (18.8) Purchase of own shares -- (3.4) Movement in the year 263.4 (205.4) Opening balance 651.2 856.6 Closing balance 914.6 651.2 Dividends per ordinary share 27.0p 26.0p The proposed final dividend of 18.6p per ordinary share will be paid on 29 July 2004 to shareholders on the register at the close of business on 25 June 2004. Company balance sheet At 31 March 2004 2004 2003 £m £m Fixed assets Investments 896.9 656.4 Current assets Debtors 12.4 5.5 Short term deposits 32.8 38.9 Cash at bank and in hand 6.0 1.4 51.2 45.8 Creditors falling due within one year Short term borrowings -- (8.6) Other creditors (18.5) (28.1) (18.5) (36.7) Net current assets 32.7 9.1 Total assets less current liabilities 929.6 665.5 Creditors falling due after more than one year Long term borrowings (4.8) (4.8) Amounts due to subsidiary undertaking (10.2) (9.5) (15.0) (14.3) Net assets 914.6 651.2 Capital and reserves Called up share capital 4.0 4.0 Share premium account 1.3 1.3 Non-distributable reserves 458.0 184.1 Distributable reserves 451.3 461.8 Total shareholders' funds 914.6 651.2 Net asset value per ordinary share After accrued final dividend 1260p 897p Before accrued final dividend 1278p 915p Key accounting policies Basis of preparation The accounts have been prepared under the historical cost convention, modified to include the revaluation of investments, and in accordance with applicable accounting standards. Investment trust companies generally report under the Statement of Recommended Practice - Financial Statements of Investment Trust Companies ('IT SORP'), dated January 2003 and published by the Association of Investment Trust Companies. The IT SORP assumes, however, that an investment trust is also an investment company and can take advantage of the special provisions given to investment companies under company law and accounting standards. Caledonia is not an investment company and, in these circumstances, the IT SORP states that an investment trust company should prepare its financial statements in accordance with the normal rules contained in Schedule 4 to the Companies Act 1985 and accounting standards. Caledonia recognises, however, that presenting information that is comparable with other investment trusts is important to investors. It therefore augments its financial statements with the information and disclosures required by the IT SORP in respect of the performance of the holding company. This is because the holding company balance sheet (unlike that of the group) can reflect full net asset value, and the movement in this figure is a key measure of Caledonia's performance. A statement of total return on an IT SORP basis is also presented to explain this movement. The company converted to an investment trust company on 1 April 2003. The comparative figures in the company's statement of total return have been prepared on a pro forma basis to reflect the estimated results of the company had it been an investment trust company throughout the previous year. These are derived from a combination of the company profit and loss account and the company statement of total recognised gains and losses, adjusted to reflect the estimated position if the company had been an investment trust company throughout the previous year. In particular, investments that were held by subsidiary undertakings for most of the year and transferred to the company before the year end (or would have been so transferred if they had not been realised during the year) are imputed to the company for the whole of the previous year (or up to the date of sale). Therefore, any investment income arising from those investments and movements in valuation have been imputed to the company. Likewise, any costs incurred by subsidiary investment holding companies, which were no longer operating as such at the previous year end, have been imputed to the company. The effect of the reorganisation carried out during the previous year in order to enable the company to achieve investment trust status has been eliminated, except for the net costs associated with undertaking the reorganisation. On its conversion to an investment trust company on 1 April 2003, the company reviewed the treatment of investments over which it had significant influence or joint control. Only those entities through which the group carried out its own business were regarded as associated undertakings or joint ventures. Where investments were held as part of a portfolio, the value of which was through their marketable value as part of a basket of investments, they were not regarded as associated undertakings or joint ventures, but were stated in accordance with all other investments at valuation. On 1 April 2003, therefore, former associated undertakings that were no longer regarded as associated undertakings were transferred to other investments, based on the share of net assets retained, including any related goodwill, and revalued to market value at that date. Joint ventures and associated undertakings Entities through which the group carries out its own business, in which the holdings are intended to be held for the long term and over whose operating and financial policies it exerts significant influence, are treated as joint ventures or associated undertakings and accounted for using the gross equity method or equity method as appropriate. Investments in which the group has a long term interest and over whose operating and financial policies it exerts significant influence, but which are held as part of an investment portfolio, the value of which is through their marketable value as part of a basket of investments, are not regarded as joint ventures or associated undertakings. The directors believe that equity accounting for such investments, which may come within the Companies Act definition of associated undertakings, would not give a true and fair view of the income from investment activities of the group, since this is better measured by the inclusion of dividends and interest income. It is impracticable to quantify the effects of this departure. The treatment adopted is in accordance with FRS 9: Associates and Joint Ventures. Valuation of investments Investments are included according to the following guidelines, which have been drawn up having regard to the British Venture Capital Association ('BVCA') guidelines. Quoted investments, for which an active market exists, are valued at mid-market price. Unquoted equity investments are valued by the directors on a number of bases depending on the nature of each investment. Early-stage investments will generally be valued at cost, less a provision if performance is substantially below expectations, for one year or until the investment starts to earn significant maintainable profits. Investments earning significant maintainable profits are generally valued using an earnings multiple, based on current year profit after tax and an earnings multiple for a comparable quoted company or sector average. A discount will be applied to recognise the absence of a ready market on which the holding can be sold. The liquidity discount will normally be 30%, but may be reduced to 10% if an initial public offering or realisation is imminent. For some asset-backed businesses, such as where there is a significant property element, the earnings multiple method of valuation is inappropriate, and a net realisable asset basis is applied. It may also be appropriate to use the net realisable asset basis of valuation if this results in a higher valuation than the earnings method, or the company is incurring losses. A third party valuation, such as an independent valuation report or a material arm's length transaction, will provide prima facie evidence of fair value and will usually take precedence over other methods. Unquoted fixed income shares and loan investments are valued at the lower of cost or recoverable amount. Investments in unquoted funds are valued at the net asset value of the fund, with an appropriate adjustment where the net asset value has not been calculated in accordance with BVCA guidelines. Realised surpluses or deficits on the disposal of investments are taken to the realised capital reserve of the company, and unrealised surpluses and deficits on the revaluation of investments are taken to the unrealised capital reserve. Consolidated profit and loss account For the year ended 31 March 2004 2004 2003 £m £m Turnover 125.8 132.1 Operating loss (11.5) (9.4) Share of operating profit of associates -- 26.1 Amortisation of goodwill on acquisition of associates -- (0.4) Total operating loss (11.5) 16.3 Profit on sale of operations -- 4.9 Loss on ordinary activities before investment income (11.5) 21.2 Income from investments 17.3 8.7 Interest receivable 1.1 3.2 Interest payable (0.8) (9.5) Profit on ordinary activities before tax 6.1 23.6 Tax on profit on ordinary activities (2.2) (5.7) Profit on ordinary activities after tax 3.9 17.9 Minority interests (equity) (0.1) (0.4) Profit for the financial year 3.8 17.5 Dividends (19.4) (18.8) Loss charged for the financial year (15.6) (1.3) Earnings per ordinary share Basic 5.3p 24.2p Diluted 5.3p 24.2p Dividends per ordinary share 27.0p 26.0p Consolidated statement of total recognised gains and losses For the year ended 31 March 2004 2004 2003 £m £m Gains/(losses) on investments Realised 21.3 17.1 Unrealised 270.4 (75.7) Revaluation of former associates transferred to investments (21.3) -- Exchange differences (3.7) (15.9) Share of results of associates -- (13.7) Tax on sales of investments (0.4) 8.5 Minority interests (equity) (0.1) 0.1 Other recognised gains and losses 266.2 (79.6) Profit for the financial year 3.8 17.5 Total recognised gains and losses 270.0 (62.1) Consolidated balance sheet At 31 March 2004 2004 2003 £m £m Fixed assets Intangible assets 4.9 5.3 Tangible assets 84.1 59.4 Investments in associates -- 288.5 Investments other 834.9 255.5 923.9 608.7 Current assets Stocks 26.4 20.4 Debtors 36.6 32.7 Short term deposits 40.2 43.9 Cash at bank and in hand 14.6 4.6 117.8 101.6 Creditors falling due within one year Short term borrowings (4.3) (0.4) Other creditors (50.0) (47.2) (54.3) (47.6) Net current assets 63.5 54.0 Total assets less current liabilities 987.4 662.7 Creditors falling due after more than one year Long term borrowings (42.3) (4.9) Provision for liabilities and charges Deferred taxation (1.5) (1.4) 943.6 656.4 Minority interests Equity (0.8) (0.6) Non-equity (0.3) (0.3) 942.5 655.5 Capital and reserves Called up share capital 4.0 4.0 Share premium account 1.3 1.3 Capital redemption reserve 1.2 1.2 Revaluation reserve 270.7 21.2 Profit and loss account 665.3 627.8 Total shareholders' funds 942.5 655.5 Company and consolidated cash flows For the year ended 31 March 2004 Company Group 2004 2003 2004 2003 £m £m £m £m Net cash inflow from operating activities 3.1 34.5 (0.2) 12.4 Dividends from associates -- -- -- 9.2 Servicing of finance Interest paid (1.0) (5.3) (0.7) (0.2) Dividends paid to minority shareholders -- -- (0.1) (0.2) (1.0) (5.3) (0.8) (0.4) Taxation UK tax paid (1.3) (1.8) (1.3) (5.8) Overseas tax paid -- -- (0.5) (0.8) (1.3) (1.8) (1.8) (6.6) Capital expenditure and financial investment Purchase of investments (107.3) (27.3) (96.7) (47.7) Sale of investments 125.8 2.6 109.2 35.4 Liquidation of subsidiary undertakings 6.9 15.9 -- -- Purchase of tangible fixed assets -- -- (6.6) (3.3) Sale of tangible fixed assets -- -- 0.4 0.3 25.4 (8.8) 6.3 (15.3) Acquisitions and disposals Purchase of subsidiary undertakings -- -- (9.2) (0.2) Cash acquired with subsidiary undertakings -- -- 0.6 -- Sale of subsidiary undertakings -- -- -- 7.0 Acquisition of associated undertakings -- -- -- (12.4) Sale of associated undertakings -- -- -- 1.1 -- -- (8.6) (4.5) Equity dividends paid (19.1) (18.1) (19.1) (18.1) Net cash inflow before management of liquid resources and financing 7.1 0.5 (24.2) (23.3) Management of liquid resources 6.1 18.0 3.7 21.5 Financing Repayment of short term loans -- -- (0.3) -- Repayment of long term loans -- -- -- (0.4) Issue of long term loans -- -- 27.4 -- Purchase of own shares -- (3.4) -- (3.4) Issue of shares by subsidiary undertakings -- -- 0.1 0.3 -- (3.4) 27.2 (3.5) Increase in cash in the year 13.2 15.1 6.7 (5.3) Reconciliation of net cash flows to movement in net funds Company Group 2004 2003 2004 2003 £m £m £m £m Increase in cash in the year 13.2 15.1 6.7 (5.3) Cash inflow from increase in debt -- -- (27.1) 0.4 Cash inflow from decrease in deposits (6.1) (18.0) (3.7) (21.5) Change in net funds resulting from cash flows 7.1 (2.9) (24.1) (26.4) Acquisitions -- -- (10.4) 4.6 Exchange differences -- -- (0.5) (2.1) Movement in net funds in the year 7.1 (2.9) (35.0) (23.9) Opening balance of net funds 26.9 29.8 43.2 67.1 Closing balance of net funds 34.0 26.9 8.2 43.2 The information in this news release does not constitute statutory accounts within the meaning of Schedule 240 of the Companies Act 1985 (the Act). The statutory accounts for the year ended 31 March 2004 will be delivered to the Registrar of Companies in England and Wales in accordance with Section 242 of the Act. The auditor has reported on those accounts; the report was unqualified and did not contain a statement under Section 237(2) or (3) of the Act. Copies of this statement are available at the company's registered office, Cayzer House, 30 Buckingham Gate, London SW1E 6NN. This information is provided by RNS The company news service from the London Stock Exchange
UK 100

Latest directors dealings