Half-yearly report

ABERFORTH SMALLER COMPANIES TRUST plc INTERIM RESULTS For the Six Months to 30 June 2007 FEATURES Net Asset Value Total Return +5.4% Benchmark Index Total Return +4.6% Increase in Interim Dividend per Ordinary Share +10.6% Aberforth Smaller Companies Trust plc (ASCoT) invests only in small UK quoted companies and is managed by Aberforth Partners LLP. CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT For the six months to 30 June 2007, Aberforth Smaller Companies Trust plc (ASCoT) achieved a net asset value total return of 5.4%, which compares with a total return of 4.6% from the Hoare Govett Smaller Companies Index (Excluding Investment Companies) (HGSC (XIC)), your Company's investment benchmark. Larger companies, as represented by the FTSE All-Share Index, registered a total return of 7.6%. ASCoT, therefore, out-performed its benchmark during a period when smaller companies under-performed larger companies. In each of the four financial years to 31 December 2006, ASCoT's net asset value total return ranged from 24.9% to 37.1% resulting in a compound annual return for the four years of 29.2%. These were exceptional returns and I noted in my Chairman's Statement, issued in January this year, that sooner or later there would be more testing stockmarket conditions. That comment appears prescient as stockmarkets had a material setback in late February when a number of events (referred to more fully in your Managers' Report) caused investors to review their appetite for risk. But stockmarkets quickly recovered and through to early June seemed to be back to a form similar to the previous four years. As then, this proved challenging to ASCoT's relative performance. In early June, however, markets suffered a further setback after a sharp rise in short, medium, and long term interest rates. While this was less helpful to absolute returns, this assisted ASCoT's relative returns. Although interest rates have been rising for well over a year, the abruptness of these recent moves unsettled most stockmarkets as investors became concerned that debt funded M&A may provide less impetus than has been the case. It is very difficult to gauge whether this will transpire, and indeed, the broad market indexes have now recovered from their early-June falls, albeit leaving UK smaller companies somewhat behind. Meanwhile, ASCoT seems relatively well positioned should either stockmarkets prove less ebullient or smaller companies experience weaker relative performance. Your Board is pleased to announce an interim dividend of 4.70p per share, which represents an increase of 10.6% compared with the equivalent period last year. While underlying growth in dividends from ASCoT's portfolio remains good, Shareholders should not extrapolate this increase for the year as a whole as your Board is seeking to rebalance slightly the relative weight of the interim and final dividends. The interim dividend will be paid on 23 August 2007 to Shareholders on the register on 27 July 2007. For Shareholders participating in ASCoT's Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRiP), the last date for submission of Forms of Election is 1 August 2007. For those Shareholders who wish to participate but are not already doing so, details of the DRiP are available from Aberforth Partners LLP on request, or from their website www.aberforth.co.uk. In 2004, the Association of Investment Companies (AIC), together with JPMorgan Claverhouse Investment Trust plc (Claverhouse), brought a case against HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to challenge the current imposition of VAT on management fees paid by investment trust companies. The case was referred to the European Court of Justice and its judgment was delivered on 28 June 2007 supporting the Claverhouse and AIC position. Whilst we await HMRC's response to this judgment, your Managers have submitted the necessary protective claims and beyond this, your Board has agreed with your Managers that, dependent on the final outcome, ASCoT will receive a refund of all VAT paid since 1 January 2001 including all VAT previously offset by your Managers. Certain VAT paid in relation to earlier periods may also be recoverable pending the outcome of further legal appeals. We will keep Shareholders updated with significant developments in these matters. Over the last few years the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) has attracted a large number of companies and has enabled many to raise funds. In previous years, ASCoT has not invested in AIM quoted companies although it has continued to own shares for a period of time in investee companies that have chosen to move from the "Full List" to AIM so as to avoid being a forced seller of otherwise sound investments. The trend of companies moving in that direction shows some signs of reversing with a number of companies now seeing merit in moving to the "Full List" from AIM. Your Board believes ASCoT should be able to invest in such companies before they actually become fully listed, but after they have committed to the move, and your Board has authorised your Managers accordingly. It is unlikely such investments will form a material part of ASCoT's portfolio, but they may, nevertheless, prove rewarding. At the Annual General Meeting, Shareholders renewed the authority for your Company to buy in up to 14.99% of its Ordinary Shares. No shares have been purchased to date. Your Board has established, and keeps under careful review, the circumstances under which such authority will be utilised. Should these circumstances arise, your Company will seek to purchase Ordinary Shares. Any Ordinary Shares bought back would be cancelled rather than held in treasury. David R Shaw Chairman 18 July 2007 MANAGERS' REPORT The strong returns enjoyed by the HGSC (XIC) in the first half were shared by many stockmarkets around the world. Indeed, several indices, including the FTSE All-Share, S&P500 and DAX, recorded new all-time highs. These were achieved despite a general environment of tightening monetary conditions in many major economies and two specific bouts of nervousness reminiscent of the risk aversion in the middle of 2006. The first wobble came in late February, when many asset classes - including commodities, low grade corporate debt and equities - endured sharp falls. While the Chinese stockmarket's 8% one day drop made the headlines, the climate of greater risk aversion appeared to stem from fears of contagion from the US sub-prime mortgage fiasco and from a 5% rise in the yen against the dollar, which was perceived to jeopardise the viability of leveraged investment strategies known as "carry trades". However, with the dollar actually rising by 3.5% over the first half as a whole, the yen's strength proved short-lived and the immediate effects of the sub-prime meltdown appeared to have been contained. Duly emboldened, markets regained lost ground and advanced further before encountering a second challenge in June, when large rises in US government bond yields prompted similar reactions in other bond markets including that of the UK. In contrast to events a year earlier, the cause did not appear to be nervousness about uncontrolled inflation: CPI data in the US proved unexciting and the gap between conventional and index linked yields did not expand significantly. Rather, the issue seemed to be a perception that real economic growth was more resilient than previously thought and that interest rate reductions later this year were therefore less likely. Apparently confirming the lower probability of a recession, the increases in longer bond yields removed the inversion in the US yield curve, so that long term bond yields now sit above short term yields. In the UK, monetary conditions also tightened over the first half as the Bank of England increased interest rates and gilt yields moved up sharply. However, in contrast to the US, the yield curve has remained inverted, in response to the continued appetite of pension funds for longer dated gilts and to the likelihood of further interest rate rises this year. Expectation of such rises reflects concerns about inflationary pressures, which in April necessitated an explanatory letter from Mervyn King to Gordon Brown. These concerns are fuelled by double digit broad money supply growth and a confident consumer sector that, unlike that of the US, continues to revel in annual house price appreciation of more than 10%. INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE As described by the Chairman, despite some weakness in June, small companies enjoyed another period of good absolute returns, with the HGSC (XIC) rising by 4.6% in total return terms. ASCoT succeeded in out-performing with a 5.4% return. In this, it was aided by a reversal of fortune with regard to sector selection. Last year, this made a substantial negative contribution to relative performance since ASCoT was heavily under-weight in four sectors - Oil & Gas Producers, Mining, Real Estate and General Financials - that performed strongly. In contrast, thus far in 2007, conviction in these under-weight positions has been vindicated, particularly in Real Estate, which may be feeling the effects of the tightening monetary conditions explained above: having reduced ASCoT's relative performance by 114 basis points over the whole of 2006, sector selection for Real Estate added 116 basis points in the first half of 2007. Eating into the beneficial effects of sector selection was a negative contribution from stock selection. The incidence of profit warnings, which are inevitable in a 107 stock portfolio over a six month period, was not uncommonly high. This in part reflects the continuation of benign trading conditions. More relevant is the effect of your Managers' consistent adherence to a value investment style, which was not in step with the bull market conditions that prevailed in much of the first half. A reluctance to expose the portfolio to companies whose growth prospects are more than discounted in exaggerated valuations proved particularly painful in two sectors. Within the benchmark, Media and Software & Computer Services performed strongly, rising by 11.3% and 13.5% respectively. In each case, however, these returns were driven by a small number of companies, typically also members of the FTSE 250, that over the first half were taken from what your Managers already considered to be high ratings to even higher valuations. They therefore eschewed these stocks, preferring to invest further down the size spectrum in businesses on more modest valuations but still with good, albeit less spectacular, growth prospects. These two-speed sectors together accounted for more than all the drag from stock selection experienced by the portfolio in the first half. De-equitisation, a term that describes the tendency over recent years to replace equity financing with debt financing, continued. ASCoT benefited, with four holdings taken over and another three in talks with potential acquirers at the end of June. However, in contrast to previous years, when takeover activity was concentrated within medium sized companies, much of the action has taken place out of ASCoT's reach within the large cap world. Underlying this shift is the strong performance of the FTSE 250 over recent years, which has taken many of its constituents to valuation levels above those of their larger peers and that are now often too high to be refinanced substantially with debt. Private equity firms have therefore been scrutinising larger businesses and completed several substantial deals in the first half, notably TXU for $45bn in the US and Alliance Boots for £11bn in the UK. This pick-up in takeover activity among larger companies helps explain the relative strength of the FTSE 100 against the FTSE 250 so far this year, only the second half-year of large cap out-performance since the end of 2002. While larger companies may now be making the headlines in terms of takeovers, de-equitisation in its less glamorous forms remains relevant to small companies. Dividend growth continues to exceed inflation by a substantial margin and indeed the long term average achieved by equities. This is demonstrated by the following analysis of ASCoT's portfolio of 107 companies at the end of June, a useful cross-section of the small cap universe. Of those companies, it was the policy of 22 not to pay a dividend, while a further 3 had been listed for less than two years, preventing growth calculations. Of the remaining 82, 5 cut their dividends, 9 left them unchanged and 68 reported increases. Of the 82, the median rate of dividend growth was 10%, though this median does not necessarily reflect ASCoT's actual receipts, since it is diluted by the other 25 holdings and since the portfolio is actively managed, with a specific rate of dividend growth not targeted. INVESTMENT OUTLOOK Two years ago, Alan Greenspan described as a "conundrum" the reluctance of long bond yields to respond to rising interest rates. It would, however, seem that the recent rapid rise in bond yields has gone some way to resolving that conundrum. An environment of higher government bond yields and, by extension, tighter monetary conditions may have profound implications for the valuation of other asset classes, including equities. First, higher borrowing costs ought eventually to have a dampening effect on economic activity and eventually corporate profitability. Second, costlier debt undermines the viability of highly leveraged investment activity that has driven the fantastic returns of recent years. Third, as the risk free rate, government bond yields are the basis for valuation of other asset classes - higher yields should, other things being equal, imply lower equity prices. In the face of these influences, the initially insouciant reaction of stockmarkets to the sell-off in bonds was surprising. It is, though, perhaps a reaction to the brighter outlook for the real economy, and by extension for corporate profitability, implied by a normalised US yield curve and to hints that the sovereign wealth funds of East Asian and oil-rich economies were looking to reduce bond exposures. However, as the half year drew to a close, there were signs of tighter credit conditions permeating the asset markets and greater risk aversion developing. The failure of two hedge funds that had bet heavily on bonds backed by sub-prime mortgages affected confidence, seeming to serve as a reminder that the US housing market remains troubled and will be an important influence on both real economic activity and the financial markets as the year goes on. Moreover, the market for leveraged loans is showing signs of strain, with several scheduled corporate bond issues either re-priced or delayed. Your Managers therefore retain a cautious stance and have oriented ASCoT's portfolio accordingly. They remain reluctant to expose ASCoT to parts of the market that trade on high valuations and that they perceive to have benefited from inflow of speculative capital. Accordingly, the portfolio retains a relatively low exposure to more highly valued mid cap stocks and maintains significant under-weight positions in Real Estate and Oil & Gas Producers. Moreover, the portfolio has been biased towards companies with comparatively robust balance sheets, which ought to afford a degree of defensiveness should trading conditions deteriorate and can also offer scope for value enhancement through de-equitisation. 30 June 2007 30 June 2006 Characteristics ASCoT Benchmark ASCoT Benchmark Number of Companies 107 487 115 560 Weighted Average Market Cap £500m £627m £381m £539m Price Earnings Ratio (Historic) 16.9x 15.8x 16.6x 16.9x Net Dividend Yield (Historic) 2.1% 2.0% 2.5% 2.2% Dividend Cover (Historic) 2.8x 3.2x 2.4x 2.7x With the return from cash, notwithstanding recent interest rate rises, comparatively low, a corollary of the portfolio's skew to companies with net cash on their balance sheets is an exaggerated PE, which, as the table above demonstrates, was 7% higher than that of the benchmark at the end of June. It is possible to look through this effect by examining ratios of enterprise value to operating profits, which are unaffected by how a company is funded. On this basis, ASCoT's portfolio sat on a discount of almost 10% to the benchmark, rather than the premium implied by PEs. Your Managers take comfort from this valuation advantage, which they believe forms a sound foundation for ASCoT's prospects. Aberforth Partners LLP Managers 18 July 2007 The Income Statement, Reconciliation of Movements in Shareholders' Funds, Balance Sheet and the Cash Flow Statement are set out below:- INCOME STATEMENT For the six months ended 30 June 2007 (unaudited) 6 months to 6 months to 30 June 2007 30 June 2006 Revenue Capital Total Revenue Capital Total £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 Realised net gains on sales - 72,930 72,930 - 51,897 51,897 Movement in unrealised - (33,181) (33,181) - (25,342) (25,342) appreciation ------ -------- -------- ------ ------- ------- Net gains on investments - 39,749 39,749 - 26,555 26,555 Dividend income 10,516 877 11,393 9,597 1,102 10,699 Interest income 191 - 191 360 - 360 Other income - - - 11 - 11 Investment management fee(1,487) (2,478) (3,965) (1,231) (2,052) (3,283) Transaction costs - (2,624) (2,624) - (1,763) (1,763) Other expenses (220) - (220) (203) - (203) ------ ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ Return on ordinary 9,000 35,524 44,524 8,534 23,842 3 2,376 activities before finance costs and tax Finance costs (35) (59) (94) - - - ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ Return on ordinary 8,965 35,465 44,430 8,534 23,842 32,376 activities before tax Tax on ordinary activities - - - - - - ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ Return attributable to equity shareholders 8,965 35,465 44,430 8,534 23,842 32,376 ====== ====== ====== ====== ====== ====== Returns per Ordinary Share 9.07p 35.89p 44.96p 8.64p 24.13p 32.77p The Board declared on 18 July 2007 an interim dividend of 4.70p per Ordinary Share (30 June 2006 - 4.25p) and the total amount payable will be £4,644,000 (30 June 2006 - £4,199,000). The Board also declared on 22 January 2007 the final dividend in respect of the year ended 31 December 2006 of 9.15p per Ordinary Share (30 June 2006 - 7.85p) and the total paid amounted to £9,041,000(30 June 2006 - £7,757,000). RECONCILIATION OF MOVEMENTS IN SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS (unaudited) For the six months ended 30 June 2007 Capital Capital Share Special reserve- reserve- Revenue capital reserve realised unrealised reserve TOTAL £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 Balance as at 31 December 2006 988 197,305 367,212 239,622 28,204 833,331 Return on ordinary activities after tax - - 68,646 (33,181) 8,965 44,430 Equity dividends paid - - - - (9,041) (9,041) ----- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------- Balance as at 988 197,305 435,858 206,441 28,128 868,720 30 June 2007 ===== ======= ======= ======= ====== ======= For the six months ended 30 June 2006 Capital Capital Share Special reserve- reserve- Revenue capital reserve realised unrealised reserve TOTAL £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 Balance as at 31 December 2005 988 197,305 286,488 162,442 23,951 671,174 Return on ordinary activities after tax - - 49,184 (25,342) 8,534 32,376 Equity dividends paid - - - - (7,757) (7,757) ----- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------- Balance as at 988 197,305 335,672 137,100 24,728 695,793 30 June 2006 ===== ======= ======= ======= ====== ======= BALANCE SHEET As at 30 June 2007 (unaudited) 31 30 June December 30 June 2007 2006 2006 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 Fixed assets: investments Investments at fair value 871,973 801,470 680,690 through profit or loss ---------- --------- --------- Current assets Amounts due from brokers 428 - 2,147 Other debtors 2,608 1,369 2,294 Cash at bank - 30,554 13,702 ---------- --------- --------- 3,036 31,923 18,143 ---------- --------- --------- Creditors (amounts falling due within one year) Bank overdraft (1,185) - - Amounts due to brokers (5,051) - (3,001) Other creditors (53) (62) (39) ---------- --------- --------- (6,289) (62) (3,040) ---------- --------- --------- Net current (3,253) 31,861 15,103 (liabilities)/assets ---------- --------- --------- Total assets less liabilities 868,720 833,331 695,793 ========= ========= ========= Capital and reserves: equity interests Called up share capital 988 988 988 (Ordinary Shares) Reserves: Special reserve 197,305 197,305 197,305 Capital reserve -realised 435,858 367,212 335,672 Capital reserve -unrealised 206,441 239,622 137,100 Revenue reserve 28,128 28,204 24,728 --------- --------- --------- 868,720 833,331 695,793 ========= ========= ========= Net Asset Value per Share 879.18p 843.37p 704.17p Share Price 745.00p 723.00p 619.00p CASH FLOW STATEMENT For the six months ended 30 June 2007 (unaudited) 6 months 6 months to 30 June to 30 June 2007 2006 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 £ 000 Net cash inflow from 6,146 6,522 operating activities Returns on investment and (89) - servicing of finance Capital expenditure and financial investment Payments to acquire investments (200,238) (135,374) Receipts from sales of 171,483 140,044 investments ------- ------- Net cash (outflow)/inflow from capital expenditure and financial investment (28,755) 4,670 ------ ------ (22,698) 11,192 Equity dividends paid (9,041) (7,757) ------ ------ (31,739) 3,435 Financing - - ------ ------ Change in cash during the period (31,739) 3,435 ====== ====== Reconciliation of net return before finance costs and taxation to net cash inflow from operating activities Net return before finance 44,524 32,376 costs and taxation Gains on investments (39,749) (26,555) Transaction costs 2,624 1,763 Increase in debtors (1,239) (1,040) Decrease in creditors (14) (22) ------ ------ Net cash inflow from 6,146 6,522 operating activities ====== ====== NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. ACCOUNTING STANDARDS The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified to include the revaluation of investments and in accordance with applicable accounting standards and the AIC's Statement of Recommended Practice "Financial Statements of Investment Trust Companies" issued in 2005. The total column of the Income Statement is the profit and loss account of the Company. All revenue and capital items in the Income Statement are derived from continuing operations. No operations were acquired or discontinued in the period. The same accounting policies used for the year ended 31 December 2006 have been applied. 2.DIVIDENDS Six Six months ended months ended 30 June 30 June 2007 2006 £'000 £'000 Amounts recognised as distributions to equity holders in the period: Final Dividend of 9.15p paid on 7 March 2007 (2006 - 7.85p paid on 7 March 2006) 9,041 7,757 7,757 ----- ------ An interim dividend of 4.70p (2006 - 4.25p) will be paid on 23 August 2007 to shareholders on the register on 27 July 2007. 3. RETURNS PER ORDINARY SHARE The calculations of the revenue return per Ordinary Share are based on net revenue of £8,965,000 (30 June 2006 - £8,534,000) and on Ordinary Shares of 98,809,788. The calculations of the capital return per Ordinary Share are based on net gains of £35,465,000 (30 June 2006 - £23,842,000) and on Ordinary Shares of 98,809,788. 4. NET ASSET VALUES The net asset value per share and the net assets attributable to the Ordinary Shares at each period end are calculated in accordance with their entitlements in the Articles of Association and were as follows: 30 June 31 December 30 June 2007 2006 2006 Pence Pence Pence Net asset value attributable per Ordinary Share 879.18 843.37 704.17 £000 £000 £000 Net assets attributable 868,720 833,331 695,793 As at 30 June 2007, the Company had 98,809,788 Ordinary Shares in issue (31 December 2006 and 30 June 2006 - same). 5. FURTHER INFORMATION The foregoing do not comprise statutory accounts (as defined in section 240(5) of the Companies Act 1985) of the Company. The statutory accounts for the year ended 31 December 2006, which contained an unqualified Report of the Auditors, have been lodged with the Registrar of Companies and did not contain a statement required under section 237(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 1985. The Interim Report is expected to be posted to shareholders on 23 July 2007. Members of the public may obtain copies from Aberforth Partners LLP, 14 Melville Street, Edinburgh EH3 7NS or from its website at www.aberforth.co.uk. CONTACT: David Warnock · Aberforth Partners LLP · 0131 220 0733 Aberforth Partners LLP, Secretaries - 18 July 2007 ANNOUNCEMENT ENDS
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