Annual Financial Report

Annual Report 2009 Publication of the Annual report Bodycote plc announces that its Annual report for the year ended 31 December 2009, the Notice of Annual General Meeting and form of proxy are now available on the Company's website at www.bodycote.com/?OB=33&POB=6. Printed copies of these documents will be posted to shareholders on or around 25 March 2010 and they will shortly be available for inspection at the UK Listing Authority's document viewing facility at 25 The North Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London E14 5HS. In accordance with paragraph 6.3.5 of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules we set out below a management report extracted from the Annual report in unedited full text. Accordingly, page references in the text below refer to page numbers in the Annual report. A condensed set of financial statements was included in our final results announcement issued on February 25, 2010. The Annual report contains a responsibility statement in compliance with DTR 4.1.12 signed on behalf of the Board by Stephen Harris, Chief Executive and David Landless, Finance Director. This confirms that to the best of their knowledge: * the financial statements, prepared in accordance with the relevant financial reporting framework, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole; and * the Chairman's Statement, the Chief Executive's Report, the Finance Director's Report, all the information contained on pages 8 to page 55 together comprise the Directors' Report for the year ended 31 December 2009. It includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face. The Annual General Meeting of the Company will take place at 12:00 noon on Wednesday, 28 April 2010 at Springwood Court, Springwood Close, Tytherington Business Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 2XF. CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT OVERVIEW In 2008, the Board indicated that the Group was already experiencing the effects of what might become a deep economic downturn. Looking at the situation one year on, the recession has proved to be every bit as bad as anticipated and while the worst seems to be over, there is little sign yet of any meaningful improvement in trading conditions. Following the disposal of the Testing division in the final quarter of 2008, the Board announced the appointment of Stephen Harris as the new Chief Executive with effect from the start of 2009. In his first year he has led a major transformation exercise concentrating to date on three specific areas: * Following an in-depth strategic review, the Group's operations and organisation are now focused on its core technologies and key markets. * A major restructuring programme has taken place, addressing the sharp reduction in demand and reducing the fixed and variable cost base. The results of this are now contributing to the improved operational results. * Linked to the strategic review, a full evaluation of management strength in all disciplines has been carried out. This has resulted in a number of new appointments already, as part of delayering the organisation, and several positions will be filled in the first half of 2010. In the absence of any significant trading upturn, it is still too early to see the full impact of these initiatives. Nevertheless, the Board expects that with a revitalised management team focused on key markets and core technologies, together with a reduction in the proportion of low value-added activities, the Group should soon be reporting improved results. The full benefit will only be realised when sustainable growth returns to our major areas of activity. GROUP RESULTS The difficulties encountered by most of the businesses are clearly reflected in the 2009 results. Revenue from operations declined by 21.1% to £435.4m. At constant rates of exchange, the sales reduction exceeded 29%. To compensate for the loss of business, employee numbers have been reduced by a similar proportion and 25 of the original 203 operating sites have been closed. The profit recovery in the second half of 2009 has started to reflect these adjustments to the cost base, although the full effect of the changes will not be evident until the second half of 2010. It was pleasing to note that the focus on cash management resulted in a satisfactory year end position. The cash cost of re-organising the Group's activities was largely funded by a sharp reduction in working capital such that the £20.8m increase in net debt during 2009 was entirely accounted for by the tax paid following the successful disposal of the Testing division in 2008. It is also reassuring to report that the Group's major borrowing facility has, in January 2010, been renewed with existing banks through until March 2013. This will ensure that Bodycote can complete its restructuring programme while providing the fixed and working capital resources which will enable the Group to fully benefit from the anticipated recovery in major markets over the next three years. SUSTAINABILITY Despite the enormous efforts made during the year to reposition the Group's operations, management recognise that sustainability must be a key element of the business strategy to deliver future growth. A responsible approach to the environment is important to ensure that Bodycote has a sustainable long term future. Already over 75% of the facilities have met the ISO 14001 standard which helps minimise the risk of adverse environmental effects and the aim is to achieve 100% accreditation in all plants during the coming years. Health and Safety statistics are closely monitored and are the subject of review at each Board and executive meeting. As a business, Bodycote is committed to providing its employees with a safe working environment while supporting and enhancing their health and wellbeing. BOARD The Non-executive Directors play a vital role in the governance of the Company and a key measure of Bodycote's success is their ability to provide wise counsel to the members of the executive team. The Board pays great attention to its corporate governance responsibilities and each year undertakes a review of its own performance. It is pleasing to report that after a number of changes in 2007 and 2008 the new Board is performing well, with each member contributing positively. DIVIDEND The Board considered carefully the level of dividend to be paid out to shareholders following the 2009 results. Having maintained the half year payout at the 2008 level, Board members felt that recent improving trading conditions, linked to the renewal of the major banking facility, enabled a final dividend of 5.35p per share to be recommended, giving a total of 8.30p for the year, unchanged from 2008. Although the disappointing result in 2009 means that the dividend will not be covered by earnings, the Board is confident that the actions taken to improve the operating performance, underpinned by a strong year end balance sheet, should enable the Group to fully cover the payout in 2010. The final dividend will be paid to shareholders in May following approval at the Annual General Meeting. SUMMARY Over the last two years the Non-executive Directors have visited a large number of Group facilities and met with employees at all levels. They have been impressed by the dedication and professionalism of the Group's staff and would like to thank them for their contribution in what has been an extremely turbulent and challenging period. The Board believes that Stephen and his colleagues have taken the right decisions to ensure that Bodycote emerges from this unprecedented recession in a position to deliver enhanced value to shareholders. A M Thomson, Chairman 25 February 2010 CHIEF EXECUTIVE'S REVIEW 2009 TRADING OVERVIEW 2009 was undoubtedly one of the fiercest economic storms that Bodycote, and indeed most other companies, has endured. In the face of rapidly declining demand on almost every front, volumes fell at the worst point to nearly 37% below prior year levels. The storm started to abate in the fourth quarter of the year and the final picture for the whole of 2009 was a year-on-year revenue decline of £116.4m, or 29.6% in constant currencies, to £435.4m. Aided by significant and rapid restructuring actions, the fall in headline operating profit1 was contained to £63.2m, so that the year end figure finished at £8.0m (2008: £71.2 m), notwithstanding the loss that was incurred in the first half. This represents an operational gearing of 40%, at constant currencies, well below that exhibited by Bodycote in previous downturns. The restructuring actions led to an exceptional charge of £25.4m, of which £12.8m was cash and £12.6m was asset write-downs. In addition, the impairment of goodwill and investments amounted to £31.5m. The restructuring programme has involved the closure of 25 facilities in total, the permanent decommissioning of some inefficient process lines and mothballing of others at a number of the remaining plants, together with the matching of headcount to demand throughout the organisation. The benefit has been a cost reduction of £30.4m in 2009 - equivalent to £43.0m on an annualised basis. In addition to these restructuring actions, all costs were critically examined and reduced where possible, leading to further substantial savings. The number of employees has been reduced by 29% since the peak in July 2008, to a total of 5,512. The savings achieved from closing or consolidating plants and decommissioning lines are permanent. Other savings are largely volume related and can be expected to reverse to some degree as volumes rise. Capital expenditure at £32.2m was well controlled and yielded a capital expenditure to depreciation ratio of 0.6, net of £4.3m of asset sales. This was 57% lower than in 2008. Headline operating cash flow1 was £34.7m, well above headline operating profit. Year end net debt was £85.5m (2008: £64.7m). The increase in net debt was effectively due to £22.4m of tax paid in the year relating to the disposal of the Testing division that occurred in 2008. A new £110m debt facility, extending until 2013, was put in place in January 2010, replacing the expiring 2010 facility. A second facility for $20m, which was also due to expire in 2010 was renewed in February 2010 and also extends to 2013. The covenant terms are unchanged, and the facilities provide headroom for expansion opportunities. 1. A detailed reconciliation is provided on page 13 RESHAPING BODYCOTE As the restructuring activities have progressed, great care has been taken to ensure that operational excellence and customer service have been maintained and that the business is ready for the upturn. In addition, a detailed strategic review has been carried out that has enabled us to refine our future strategy and reshape the business along specific strategic lines. The Group has now been organised as two business areas, each facing a different customer set with different characteristics and different requirements. The Aerospace, Defence & Energy (ADE) business consists of 63 facilities and is organised on a global basis. It includes the Group's aerospace, defence and energy certified heat treatment activities, hot isostatic pressing and surface technology services. The latter two of these technologies are predominantly used in the aerospace, defence and energy markets and the total available market is overwhelmingly in these end-user sectors. The Automotive & General Industrial (AGI) business consists of 115 facilities organised into four geographically based sub-divisions. The geographic organisation reflects the predominance of local work that is carried out for customers in the automotive and general industrial sectors. It is worth noting that all of Bodycote's facilities in the emerging markets (Eastern Europe, Brazil and Asia), with the exception of the facilities in Singapore and Dubai, are part of the Automotive & General Industrial business. While this does not impede our ability to expand in the ADE sectors when it is required in these geographies, it does reflect the growth of core manufacturing activities in the emerging markets that the AGI customers are driving. So far, our customers from the developed markets in the ADE sectors have moved (or are in the process of moving) primarily activities such as assembly to these markets. Little or none of this ADE assembly activity requires the thermal processing services that Bodycote offers. One of the refinements to the strategy is to be more selective about which emerging markets we pursue, and to drive harder in those we target. As a consequence of this approach, we have consolidated our facilities in India into one (from three) and have exited Thailand. The small associate venture in Thailand was sold back to the original owners in late 2009. In total, the new divisional structure allows the Company to discriminate much more readily between different types of customer needs and to focus activity and investment in a more deliberate way. In keeping with the new organisational structure, the executive committee has been expanded from five to nine members with the addition of two new global Divisional Presidents, a Director of Human Resources and a Director of Business Development. THE FUTURE Irrespective of the pace of the recovery, in the short term the tighter business disciplines and more focused capital investment procedures which were put in place in 2009 will enhance shareholder value in 2010 and beyond. The business process improvement and customer service enhancement programmes initiated during the year are another part of the drive for value creation. Bodycote's recovery will be driven not only by general global demand but also by our own ability to gain market share. In addition, in the longer term, Bodycote stands to benefit from two trends. The first is a likely acceleration in the trend for customers to outsource. In 2009 many have seen the problems associated with having high fixed cost thermal processing operations in-house that are entirely dependent on their own product throughput. Outsourcing this type of activity, which is often not core to our customers' business, is becoming a hotter topic as a result of the recession. The second significant factor that will help to drive Bodycote's business in the coming years is the growing awareness of environmental sustainability and the need for carbon reduction. One of Bodycote's core competences as specialists in thermal processing is the efficient use of energy. The ability to aggregate work from multiple customers and process the work in a more energy efficient way helps reduce costs for customers and also lowers their aggregate carbon footprint. Clearly, the key to Bodycote's future success is its employees. The difficulties of 2009 have been demanding, and the Group's employees have risen to the challenge that the world economy threw at us and moved the business a long way forward, even in the face of adversity. SUMMARY & OUTLOOK 2009 was a year of transition for Bodycote, with a major cost reduction programme implemented, a new strategy defined and the Group reshaped accordingly. End markets were very challenging with sharply lower volumes, the impact of which was addressed by significant cost reductions. We delivered a headline operating profit for the full year, more than offsetting the losses incurred in the first half. Many of our automotive and general industrial markets have already started to recover but we do not expect the aerospace, defence and energy markets to strengthen until later in 2010. The pace of recovery remains uncertain and potentially uneven. We anticipate that full recovery in demand may take several years. This notwithstanding, we enter 2010 with a reshaped business and renewed vigour. Stephen Harris Chief Executive 25 February 2010 BUSINESS PERFORMANCE 2009 2008 £m £m Revenue 435.4 551.8 Operating loss (50.2) (51.7) Add back: Major facility closure costs 25.4 77.6 Impairment charge 31.5 44.0 Amortisation of acquired intangible 1.3 1.3 fixed assets Headline operating profit 8.0 71.2 Group revenue from continuing operations was £435.4m, a decrease of £116.4m (21.1%) on 2008 (£551.8m). The decline in revenues at constant exchange rates amounted to £163.3m (29.6%), which included revenues of £12.5m (2.3%) lost due to plant closures. The restructuring of the Group was largely completed in 2009, but required a further charge of £25.4m, of which asset write-downs accounted for £12.6m and cash costs for £12.8m. No further restructuring charges are expected in 2010. An impairment charge of £31.5m was made following the management's review of the carrying value of assets. Of the total charge, £29.0m related to goodwill and the balance of £2.5m arose following the unwinding of the associate venture in Thailand. Consequently the Group is reporting an operating loss of £50.2m (2008: loss £ 51.7m). Headline operating profit for the Group's continuing operations was £8.0m, a decrease of £63.2m compared to 2008. Foreign currency movements increased profits by £1.1m (1.5% on 2008). Headline operating margins from continuing operations declined from 12.9% to 1.8%. 2009 2009 2009 2008 Total Total Headline Exceptional £m £m £m £m EBITDA1 57.4 (12.8) 44.6 118.3 Working capital movement 9.0 - 9.0 (13.0) Provision movement 0.5 (6.4) (5.9) 30.6 Net capital expenditure (32.2) - (32.2) (74.9) Operating cash flow 34.7 (19.2) 15.5 61.0 Interest (4.4) - (4.4) (8.0) Taxation (2.0) (22.4) (24.4) (20.5) Lump sum contribution to pension (1.5) - (1.5) (21.0) plan Free cash flow 26.8 (41.6) (14.8) 11.5 1. Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, impairment and share based payments Headline Operating cash flow of £34.7m is made up of £57.4m EBITDA, a positive contribution from reduced working capital of £9.0m, and net capital expenditure of £32.2m. After interest and tax payments, the headline free cash flow was £26.8m. The outflow on exceptional items totalled £41.6m, of which £22.4m was the tax payable on the Testing disposal, and £19.2m was the cash spend on the restructuring programme, of which £6.4m had been accrued in the previous year. Capital expenditure was restricted to necessary items of renewal along with the completion of expansion projects started before the downturn. Capital spend (net of asset sales) in 2009 was £32.2m, being 0.6 times depreciation compared to 1.3 times in 2008. There has been a continued focus on cash collection and debtor days have been reduced to an average of 66 days in 2009, compared to 68 days in 2008, which along with the decline in revenue, accounts for the reduction in working capital. KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS The Group focuses on a small number of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), which cover both financial and non-financial metrics. The financial KPIs are Return on Capital Employed (1)(ROCE) and Return on Sales (2)(ROS) and the non-financial KPIs are the Percentage of ISO 14001 accredited facilities and Accident Frequency(3). As a direct consequence of the severe economic downturn, and despite the major restructuring programme and a multitude of other cost reduction action, ROCE for 2009 was 1.5% (2008: 12.1%) and ROS was 1.8% (2008: 12.9%). Reducing the environmental impact of the Group's activities is taken very seriously. Compliance with the requirements of ISO 14001 helps minimise the risk of adverse environmental effects at Bodycote locations. At the end of 2009, 77% of our plants had ISO 14001 accreditation - 137 plants out of a total of 178 (2008: 137 out of 193). Bodycote works tirelessly to reduce workplace accidents and is committed to providing a safe environment for anyone who works at, or visits our locations. The major restructuring programme has not made this an easy task in 2009. Nevertheless, the Accident Frequency rate fell to 1.9 from 2.0 in 2008. Definitions: (1) Headline operating profit as a percentage of average capital employed from continuing operations. Capital employed includes tangible and intangible assets and all non-interest bearing assets and liabilities. (2) Headline operating profit as a percentage of revenue from continuing operations. (3) Accident Frequency - the number of lost time accidents x 200,000 (approximately 100 man years), divided by the total hours worked. BUSINESS OVERVIEW The activities and management of the Group have been reorganised into two market-facing business areas: * Aerospace, Defence & Energy (ADE) * Automotive & General Industrial (AGI) This reflects the differing market and customer characteristics in the two broadly defined groupings. Within the ADE sectors, our customers tend to think and operate globally and increasingly expect Bodycote to service them in the same way. Consequently, the ADE business is organised globally. This gives Bodycote a notable advantage as the only thermal processing company with a global footprint and knowledge of operating in all of the world's key manufacturing areas. A number of Bodycote's most important customers fall within the compass of ADE and Bodycote intends to continue to leverage its unique market position to increase revenues in these market sectors. The business incorporates the Group's activities in hot isostatic pressing and surface technology as well as the relevant heat treatment services. Whilst the AGI marketplace has many multinational customers, it also has very many medium sized and smaller businesses, with the large multinationals tending to operate on a more regionally focused basis, as opposed to globally. Generally, there are more competitors to Bodycote in AGI and much of the business is very locally oriented, meaning that proximity to the customer is very important and excellent service is vital. Bodycote's uniquely large network of 115 AGI facilities enables the business to offer the widest range of technical capability and security of supply. The AGI business aims to increase the proportion of technically differentiated services it offers. Bodycote has a long and successful history of serving this wide-ranging customer base and the newly established AGI business serves the following geographies: * North America * Western Europe * Emerging Markets AEROSPACE, DEFENCE & ENERGY (ADE) RESULTS Revenues for ADE were £189.5m in 2009 compared to £220.1m in 2008, a reduction of 13.9%. Revenues in constant currencies were lower by 23.5% reflecting reduced aerospace after-market requirements, some postponement of large power generation projects and the impact of lower oil prices on oil & gas exploration and production. Revenues benefited by 9.6% as a consequence of the weakness of sterling compared to most of the currencies in the countries in which the Group operates. Headline operating profit for ADE was £24.7m (2008: £45.5m), with margins weakening from 20.7% to 13.0%. The restructuring programme delivered cost savings of £9.8m in 2009 and the annualised rate as we enter 2010 is expected to amount to £14.5m. 2009 was characterised by a significant reduction in capital expenditure across the Group, including in ADE, as widespread reduction in customer demand left capacity available for medium-term development. Long lead-time projects which were started before the recession, most notably the installation of a new large HIP unit in Sweden, were, however, completed or largely completed in 2009. Capital employed in ADE in 2009 was £244.2m (2008: £249.8m). The reduction reflects the effects of the restructuring programme, which included the closure of facilities and the removal of assets from service in a number of other locations, partly offset by investment to enhance the capabilities of the business. Net capital expenditure in 2009 was £19.1m (2008: £20.2m) which represents 1.1 times depreciation (2008: 1.2 times depreciation). Return on capital employed in 2009 was 10.1% (2008: 18.2%). MARKETS Aerospace demand declined at a steady rate throughout the year with after-market requirements falling in response to reduced flying hours by airlines. Business with OEM airframe and engine manufacturers remained solid, especially for wide-body programmes. Defence demand has remained good. Power generation requirements softened as the year progressed and in Europe demand fell substantially in the second half. This impacted both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing and reflects customer inventory adjustments and some push-back in major power station build programmes around the world. Oil & gas suffered significant decline as global energy prices fell and with them exploration and production activity, although work for production activity started to strengthen towards the end of the year. ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2009 2009 saw the formation of the global Aerospace, Defence & Energy business. This has resulted in the realignment of some 63 facilities into a single, market-focused organisation targeted at meeting the requirements of major OEMs and their supply chains throughout the world. The ADE business has 34 Nadcap accredited facilities. Many facilities are also approved to the aerospace quality standard AS 9100. An important area of development in 2009 was to position the business to benefit from the impending growth in build programmes for the Airbus A380 and Boeing Dreamliner for airframe, engine and landing gear components. ORGANISATION AND PEOPLE The establishment of the ADE business required a number of organisational changes to enable the new market-focused approach to operate efficiently. At the same time, management implemented significant cost cutting measures, including the closure of six locations to deal with the effects of reduced demand. The majority of the processing capability and sales were transferred to other facilities. The objective has been to reduce the cost base and, at the same time, improve the efficiency of service. Although this resulted in a headcount reduction of 439 during the year and 489 since July 2008, the business is now positioned to be more effective in meeting customer requirements. LOOKING AHEAD The key objective for ADE in 2010 is to realise the benefits of the new market-facing organisation and drive the expansion of its proprietary and differentiated technologies. The new market-facing organisation is targeted at improving the customer experience of Bodycote and increasing the business's understanding of the requirements of prime manufacturers. This in turn, is expected to increase sales to existing clients and to improve the conversion rate of potential into actual business. AUTOMOTIVE & GENERAL INDUSTRIAL (AGI) RESULTS Automotive & General Industrial revenues were £245.9m in 2009, which compares to £331.7m in 2008, a reduction of 25.9%. In constant currencies revenues were down by 33.1%, reflecting the widespread reduction in manufacturing output in all geographies. Revenues benefited by 7.2% as a result of the weakness of sterling compared to 2008. Demand began to improve slowly in the fourth quarter of 2009, but had only a modest impact on the year as a whole. Headline operating loss in AGI was £13.3m compared to a headline operating profit of £29.8m in 2008. Margins fell from 9.0% to minus 5.4%. The restructuring programme has been substantial and the AGI business realised savings of £20.6m in 2009. This is expected to increase to £28.5m in 2010. Net capital expenditure in 2009 was £12.5m (2008: £34.9m), which represents 0.4 times depreciation (2008: 1.1 times depreciation). Return on capital employed in 2009 was minus 4.2% (2008: 7.9%). On average, capital employed in 2009 was £ 315.1m (2008: £377.6m). The major part of the reduction was due to the effects of the restructuring programme, including the various plant closures. The business is increasingly focusing on higher added-value activities. MARKETS AND GEOGRAPHIES The Automotive & General Industrial business serves an extensive variety of customers and has been impacted by the wide-ranging recession that began to affect Bodycote's business in the fourth quarter of 2008. This has only recently begun to abate, albeit at a modest pace. The largest reductions were in the heavy truck sector (down by 48.1%), followed by automotive (down by 29.0%). General industrial sectors were down by an average of 22.7%. Overall, the business recorded sales down by 25.9% compared to 2008, a notable part of which was the result of supply chain destocking. In North America, automotive demand began to fall early in this recession (during the middle of 2008) and the year-on-year reduction in 2009 was 15.5%. Demand began to improve in the second half of 2009. General industrial sales declined by 17.7% in 2009 and have remained at these reduced levels in the latter part of 2009. In Western Europe, sales in the automotive sector were down by over 40.0% and this had a significant impact on Bodycote's business, particularly in France, Germany and Italy. The most severe impact of the downturn, however, was felt in the heavy truck sector, in which Bodycote has a concentration in Sweden and Germany. Sales to this sector were down by approximately 60%, with only a modest recovery to date. Across Western Europe sales were down by 27.7% compared to 2008. The impact of the recession has been quite varied in Bodycote's emerging market territories. In Eastern Europe, the Czech Republic was down 40.5% year-on-year, reflecting its reliance on German manufacturing. By contrast, Polish sales declined by 30.9% as heavy machinery and mining demand was less severely impacted than automotive. In Brazil, sales are split broadly evenly between automotive and general industrial markets and, although year-on-year revenues were down 25.9%, sales have started to recover. In Asia (China and India) the downturn was short-lived and recovery is well underway. As a consequence, 2009 sales were only 5.2% below those of 2008. ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2009 During the year, the Group has reinforced the geographically oriented management structure within the Automotive & General Industrial business. The nature of the markets has some distinct differences in each of the North American, Western European and emerging economies, particularly in the level of the maturity of thermal processing requirements. This, along with the typically local nature of customer requirements, means the business is organised to focus on geographic areas. As a consequence of reductions in demand, restructuring of the AGI's cost base has been critical and has been pursued vigorously. The business has continued to increase capacity in several specialist technologies which have all suffered less than average reductions in demand during the downturn and, in some cases, sales have increased in 2009. Low pressure carburising, which is being used increasingly for high-end automotive gears, in both North America and Europe, recorded growth, as new transmissions were introduced by power train manufacturers. 2009 also saw the first full year of production for Speciality Stainless Steel Processes (a sub-division of the AGI business) in southern Germany, to complement existing capability in the Netherlands, France and the USA. A new facility in Finland is now operational and able to service the wind energy market for deep case carburising of very large gears. ORGANISATION AND PEOPLE In July 2008, the AGI business employed 5,201 people, but by the end of 2009 this had been reduced to 3,505. At the same time, 19 facilities were shut permanently and in many locations equipment and production lines have been mothballed. In addition, many pieces of equipment from closed sites have been transferred to new locations or placed in storage for future use, as and when customer demand increases. LOOKING AHEAD The major objectives for the Automotive & General Industrial business are to realise the full benefits of the extensive restructuring programme of 2009, expand the use of Bodycote's proprietary technologies and drive migration of technology from the developed to the emerging markets. Additionally, the business will continue to reduce the amount of low-return work it processes and increasingly focus on delivering value to customers. FINANCE DIRECTOR'S REPORT FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 2009 20081 £m £m Revenue 435.4 551.8 Headline operating profit 8.0 71.2 Amortisation of acquired intangible (1.3) (1.3) fixed assets Impairment charge (31.5) (44.0) Major facility closure costs (25.4) (77.6) Operating loss (50.2) (51.7) Net finance costs (4.3) (3.6) Loss before tax (54.5) (55.3) Group results for 2009 were severely impacted by the economic downturn, with revenue falling by 21.1% from £551.8m to £435.4m and, as a consequence, headline operating profit fell from £71.2m to £8.0m. To deal with the changed circumstances an impairment charge of £31.5m was made and a wide ranging restructuring of the Group's activities, aimed at better aligning the cost base with these lower demand levels, resulted in an exceptional charge for facility closures of £25.4m. In 2010 these restructuring initiatives, begun in 2008 and extended in 2009, can be expected to generate annualised savings of £43.0m for the Group, of which £36.2m are cash savings. Consequently the Group reported an operating loss for the year of £50.2m (2008: £51.7m). Despite the much reduced headline operating profit, the Group was still able to report a positive operating cash flow of £15.5m (2008: £61.0m), mainly because net capital expenditure in 2009 fell to £32.2m compared to £74.9m in 2008. After deducting interest, tax and lump sum pension contributions, the Group reported a negative free cash flow of £14.8m (2008: positive £11.5m). Bodycote begins 2010 with its funding position secured. Two of the three bank facilities were due to mature during 2010. These have been refinanced in line with the Group's funding requirements following the disposal of the Testing division and taking into account the cost of holding undrawn funds. Total funding now available to Bodycote under its committed facilities is £233.4m (2008: £359.8m). EXCEPTIONAL COSTS The total exceptional costs charged to the income statement amounted to £58.2m (2008: £122.9m) and were made up of the following elements: Amortisation of acquired intangible fixed assets £1.3m (2008: £1.3m) The charge relates to the amortisation of intangible assets arising from acquisitions. There were no acquisitions during 2009 and, as a result, there was no change to the charge compared to 2008. Impairment Charge £31.5m (2008: £44.0m) The impairment charge arose as a result of the write-down of goodwill (£29.0m) and a further £2.5m arose in respect of the unwinding of the associate venture in Thailand. The Group tests goodwill semi-annually and the charge relates to goodwill for businesses that have been discontinued or where management has concluded that book value of goodwill was in excess of its recoverable amount. The largest impairment was for goodwill attributable to the 2001 Lindberg acquisition in the North American heat treatment business, amounting to £25.0m. Major Facility Closure Costs £25.4m (2008: £77.6m) P&L Exceptional Charge Total Asset Write Cash Phasing of Down Cash spend £m £m £m £m 2008 77.6 42.7 34.9 2.1 2009 25.4 12.6 12.8 19.2 2010 - - - 17.7 2011 & later - - - 8.7 Total 103.0 55.3 47.7 47.7 The major facility closure costs of £25.4m relates to the 2009 restructuring programme and includes asset write-downs of £12.6m and cash costs of £12.8m. The restructuring programme was started in 2008 in response to the economic downturn that began in the last quarter of that year. It became clear early in 2009 that the downturn was deeper than anticipated and additional restructuring initiatives were launched across the Group, with the most significant being in Brazil, France, Germany and Sweden. The total cost of the restructuring programme since 2008 has been £103.0m, of which £55.3m related to the write-down of assets and £47.7m to cash costs including redundancies, dismantling and site clean-up. As at 31 December 2009, £21.3m of the cash costs had been spent. Of the remaining £26.4m cash costs, £17.7m is expected to be spent in 2010 and £8.7m in 2011 and later. Of these costs, £6.2m is to cover redundancy payments, £10.7m for site closure and £9.5m for environmental remediation. Annual savings compared to pre-restructuring base Western North Emerging Total Europe America Markets £m £m £m £m 2009 30.4 16.1 11.1 3.2 2010 43.0 25.1 13.9 4.0 The restructuring initiatives delivered savings of £30.4m in 2009, of which £ 25.6m are cash savings. The level of savings will increase to £43.0m in 2010, as Bodycote sees the benefits of the completion of the restructuring programme. Restructuring provisions outstanding at 31 December 2009 total £27.1m, being £ 26.4m related to the 2008/2009 programme and £0.7m related to environmental remediation from earlier initiatives. OPERATING LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS After charging exceptional items of £58.2m (2008: £122.9m), the operating loss from continuing operations was £50.2m (2008: loss of £51.7m). LOSS BEFORE TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS Headline profit before tax for the continuing operations was £3.7m (2008: £ 67.6m). The loss before tax for the continuing operations was £54.5m (2008: loss of £55.3m). Headline profit before tax is derived as follows: 2009 2008 £m £m Headline operating profit1 8.0 71.2 Net finance charge (4.3) (3.6) Headline operating profit before tax 3.7 67.6 Amortisation of acquired intangible (1.3) (1.3) fixed assets Impairment charge (31.5) (44.0) Major facility closure costs (25.4) (77.6) Loss before tax (54.5) (55.3) 1 Operating profit pre-exceptional items. FINANCE CHARGE The net finance charge from the continuing operations of the Group was £4.3m compared to £3.6m in 2008. The increase arose from a combination of higher average net debt and higher pension finance costs offset by lower interest rates. TAXATION Total taxation was a credit of £3.4m for the year compared to a credit of £ 17.2m for 2008. The effective tax rate for the Group of 6.2% resulted from the impact of blending profit-making jurisdictions with loss-making jurisdictions and of differing tax rates in each of the countries in which the Group operates (2008: 31.1%). The headline tax rate on continuing operations for 2009 was 108.1% (2008: 18.3%), being stated before amortisation of goodwill and acquired intangibles (both of which are generally not allowable for tax purposes) and before exceptional items. The unusual tax rate in 2009 results from the impact of combining the results of profit-making and loss-making entities that have different underlying tax rates and from the de-recognition of certain tax losses. A revival in economic conditions should enable utilisation and recognition of these tax losses in future years. The average underlying tax rates for Bodycote's profit and loss making subsidiaries were 28.8% and 24.9% respectively. ASSOCIATED COMPANY - SSCP COATINGS SARL (SSCP) SSCP is a highly leveraged private equity controlled business. Bodycote currently owns 24.4% of the share capital of SSCP, but the Group has previously fully impaired its equity and loans to this business. There is no impact in the Group's accounts in 2009 (2008: impairment charge of £12.1m). DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS Bodycote has not discontinued any business streams during 2009. In 2008, the Group sold its Testing division, which recorded sales of £164.9m and an operating profit of £19.9m in 2008. EARNINGS PER SHARE Basic headline earnings per share (as defined in note 10) decreased to 0.4p from 17.5p. Basic (loss)/earnings per share for the year are shown in the table below: 2009 2008 Pence Pence Basic (loss)/earnings per share from: Continuing and discontinued operations (27.0) 48.2 less discontinued operations - 60.7 Continuing operations (27.0) (12.5) DIVIDEND The Board has recommended a final dividend of 5.35p (2008: 5.35p) bringing the total dividend to 8.30p per share (2008: 8.30p). In December 2008 an additional, special distribution of 40p per ordinary share (from the proceeds from the disposal of the Testing division) was paid in December 2008. The 2009 dividend is not covered by basic headline earnings per share, as defined in note 10 (2008: 2.1 times). If approved by shareholders, the final dividend of 5.35p per share for 2009 will be paid on 7 May 2010 to all shareholders on the register at close of business on 9 April 2010. CAPITAL STRUCTURE The Group's balance sheet at 31 December 2009 is summarised below: Assets Liabilities Net Assets £m £m £m Property, plant and equipment 461.8 - 461.8 Goodwill and intangible assets 118.8 - 118.8 Current assets and liabilities 109.9 (135.4) (25.5) Other non current assets and 4.1 (19.6) (15.5) liabilities Retirement benefit obligations - (15.0) (15.0) Deferred tax 56.9 (73.4) (16.5) Total before net debt 751.5 (243.4) 508.1 Net debt 19.6 (105.1) (85.5) Net assets as at 31 December 2009 771.1 (348.5) 422.6 Net assets as at 31 December 2008 1,158.7 (661.8) 496.9 Net assets decreased by £74.3m (15.0%) to £422.6m (2008: £496.9m). The major movements compared to 31 December 2008 were due to a decrease in property, plant and equipment (£71.5m), and goodwill and intangible assets (£35.6m), which were partly offset by an increase in net current assets (£41.7m). The largest decrease in property, plant and equipment came from foreign exchange translation losses (£37.7m) as a consequence of the stronger sterling rates on 31 December 2009 compared to 31 December 2008, particularly for the Euro and the US Dollar. Furthermore, net capital expenditure of £32.2m was exceeded by depreciation of £50.9m, while asset write-downs, as part of the restructuring programme, accounted for £12.6m. The decrease in the goodwill asset resulted largely from the impairment testing performed by management. Large movements were reported for net current assets. The reduced level of trading activity in 2009 compared to 2008 meant that trade receivables and other receivables decreased by £37.3m and trade and other payables decreased by £25.7m. Current tax liabilities decreased by £22.2m because the 2008 figure included a taxation liability which was settled during 2009 in respect of gains on disposal of the US Testing business of £22.4m. Net liabilities for derivative financial instruments decreased by £26.0m due to a combination of instrument maturity and changes in exchange and interest rates. NET DEBT Group net debt was £85.5m (2008: £64.7m). During the year, loans of £209.1m under committed facilities were repaid and as a consequence gross cash decreased by £238.8m to £19.6m. The Group continues to be able to borrow at competitive rates and, therefore, currently deems this to be the most effective means of funding. CASH FLOW The net decrease in cash and cash equivalents was £231.6m (2008: net increase of £209.4m), made up of net cash from operating activities of £11.0m, less investing activities of £27.3m and less cash used in financing activities of £ 215.3m, following the use of surplus cash balances to reduce debt. The total cash generated by the Group during 2009 was £441.0m lower than last year. In 2008 the Group benefited from the £400.1m received from the disposal of the Testing division, of which £128.8m was distributed to shareholders as a special dividend. Furthermore, in 2009 the Group also suffered from lower cash generated from operating activities of £91.5m compared to 2008, mainly because the EBITDA for 2009 was lower by £73.7m (62.3% lower than 2008). This reduction in cash generation from operations was largely mitigated by lower net expenditure on capital expenditure and acquisitions (down £84.0m). The net cash outflow arising from loan repayments and new bank loans raised amounted to £ 192.8m. There has been a continued focus on cash collection with debtor days at 31 December 2009 falling to 63 days from 68 days a year earlier. Net interest payments for the year were £4.4m (2008: £8.0m) and tax payments were £24.4m (2008: £20.5m), of which £22.4m related to the disposal of the Testing division. CAPITAL EXPENDITURE Net capital expenditure (capital expenditure less proceeds from asset disposals) for the year was £32.2m (2008: £74.9m). The multiple of net capital expenditure to depreciation was 0.6 times (2008:1.3 times), which was a reflection of the Group's response to the economic environment by reducing non-essential capital expenditure. A proportion of the capital expenditure was incurred to support the restructuring programme in the consolidation of plants and the re-installation of furnaces transferred from closed plants. However, to increase capacity the Group continued to invest in a small number of long-lead time projects such as the new large HIP unit in Surahammar (Sweden) and a new Corr-I-Dur plant in Krnov (Czech Republic). BORROWING FACILITIES At 31 December 2009, Bodycote had three committed bank facilities: £225.0m (2008: £225.0m), expiring August 2010; €125.0m (2008: €125.0m), expiring July 2013; and US$20.0m (2008: US$20.0m), expiring July 2010, totalling £348.4m (2008: £359.8m). At the same date, the three facilities were drawn £0.0m (2008: £194.8m), £96.2m (2008: £107.3m) and £6.5m (2008: £10.5m) respectively, totalling £102.7m (2008: £312.6m). On 8 January 2010 the £225m Revolving Credit Facility was refinanced with a committed facility at a lower amount of £110m to reflect the Group's lower expected funding requirements, with a maturity date of 31 March 2013. In addition, on 18 February 2010, the US$20m revolving credit facility was also refinanced to a maturity date of 31 March 2013. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as a going concern, while maximising the return to shareholders. The capital structure of the Group consists of debt which includes borrowings, cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the parent, comprising capital, reserves and retained earnings. The capital structure is reviewed regularly by the Group's Board of Directors. The Group's policy is to maintain gearing, determined as the proportion of net debt to total capital, within defined parameters, allowing movement in the capital structure appropriate to the business cycle and corporate activity. The gearing ratio at 31 December 2009 was 20.2% (2008: 13.0%). The Group's debt funding policy is to borrow centrally (where it is tax efficient to do so), using a mixture of short-term borrowings, longer-term loans and finance leases. These borrowings, together with cash generated from operations, are lent or contributed as equity to certain subsidiaries. The aim of the Group's funding policy is to ensure continuity of finance at reasonable cost, based on committed facilities from several sources, arranged with a spread of maturities. The current market for bank funding is restricted to shorter tenors than have been available in the past and, therefore, steps will be taken in due course to extend the maturity profile of the Group's funding (currently 3.3 years). DEFINED BENEFIT PENSION ARRANGEMENTS The Group has defined benefit pension obligations in the UK, Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, USA and Brazil and cash lump sum obligations in France, Italy and Turkey, the entire liabilities for which are reflected in the Group balance sheet. In the UK, the Group has a final salary scheme which was closed to new members in April 2001, but continues to accrue benefits for the 131 current employee members. The deficit, as calculated by the scheme actuary at 31 December 2009, using the principles of IAS 19, is £3.7m (2008: £0.7m). The Group's heat treatment business in Germany has inherited several small defined benefit arrangements. They are all unfunded and are closed to new members but the existing members continue to accrue benefits. The IAS 19 liability at 31 December 2009 was £3.5m (2008: £3.3m). In Liechtenstein the IAS 19 liability at 31 December 2009 was £0.2m (2008: £0.3m) and in Switzerland was £0.1m (2008: £0.1m). Arrangements in both countries are funded. In Sweden, the last remaining defined benefit arrangement was bought out in full in July 2009 at a cost of £1.5m. The company now only has a defined contribution liability. In France, the Group operates a plan which pays a cash lump sum on retirement and also for long service. The plan is open to new employees but by its nature is not mortality dependent. It is unfunded and the IAS 19 liability at 31 December 2009 was £5.7m (2008: £6.8m). Italy and Turkey also have unfunded cash lump sum obligations which are open to new members. The IAS 19 liability is £ 0.8m for Italy (2008: £0.8m) and £0.2m for Turkey (2008: £0.1m). The Group sponsors three defined benefit pension arrangements in the USA which were inherited with the acquisition of Lindberg and these had a total IAS 19 deficit at 31 December 2009 of £0.6m (2008: £1.2m) There is no further accrual of benefits. In Brazil, Bodycote operates a defined benefit plan for three senior members of staff. It is funded and the members continue to accrue benefits. At 31 December 2009 it had a deficit of £0.2m (2008: £0.2m surplus). POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS On 8 January 2010, the Group concluded the refinancing of a new £110m Revolving Credit Facility replacing the larger, £225m facility, which was set to mature in August 2010. The lower facility size reflects the reduced borrowing requirement following the disposal of the Testing division in 2008. On 18 February 2010 the Group also concluded the refinancing of its $20m Revolving Credit Facility. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES The changes in accounting policies are detailed in the Accounting Policies on page 61 of this report. GOING CONCERN The Group's business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position are set out in this Group Review. The review includes an overview of the Group's financial position, its cash flows, liquidity position and borrowing facilities. In addition, there is a description of the Group's objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management objectives; details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; and its exposures to credit and liquidity risk. The Group meets its working capital requirements through a combination of committed and uncommitted facilities and overdrafts. The overdrafts and uncommitted facilities are repayable on demand but the committed facilities are due for renewal as shown below. There is sufficient headroom in the committed facility covenants to assume that these facilities can be operated as contracted for the foreseeable future. * US$20m Revolving Credit Facility maturing 31 March 2013 * £110m Revolving Credit Facility maturing 31 March 2013 * €125m Revolving Credit Facility maturing 31 July 2013 The current economic conditions create uncertainty, particularly over the levels of demand for the Group's services and the availability of bank and capital market finance in the future. However, the Group's forecasts and projections, taking account of reasonable potential changes in trading performance, show that the Group should be able to operate within the level of its current committed facilities. After making enquiries, the Directors have formed a judgement, at the time of approving the financial statements, that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason the Directors continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES OPERATIONAL MARKETS The key risk faced by the Group is a reduction in end market demand. Forecasting this demand, given short visibility and the macro uncertainty faced by much of Bodycote's customer base, is difficult and means the Group must remain constantly ready to adapt to the changing environment. However, during 2009 the Group has demonstrated that it is able to react quickly to any change in external demand. Regular dialogue with customers and monitoring of macro-economic forecasts help alert the Group to likely changes in demand. A proportion of the workforce is employed on temporary contracts to ensure that the cost base can be changed quickly. Bodycote has excellent long-term relationships with its major customers and the Group's network of strategically located facilities ensures that it is the supplier of choice to these major manufacturers. COMMERCIAL RELATIONSHIPS The Group benefits from many long term and partnership agreements with key customers. Damage to, or loss of, any of these relationships may be detrimental to Group results, although management believe this is highly unlikely. Given that Bodycote's top ten customers account for less than 12% of sales, with the balance made up by many thousands of customers, revenue concentration risk is low and, therefore, there is no significant customer dependency. COMPETITORS Bodycote's markets are fragmented, although less so in Aerospace, Defence and Energy, and this means that the actions of competitors are typically felt locally, rather than across the Group. HUMAN RESOURCES People are Bodycote's greatest asset and also form its largest cost. The Group works hard at maintaining a respectful and trusting relationship with all employees. Individually tailored training and development is conducted to enhance employee effectiveness, and assessment prior to recruitment is rigorous. However, Bodycote is mindful that there must be strong control on people costs, which can be adjusted more easily in North America, the UK and some emerging economies, but much less so in continental Europe where the Group strives to keep a portion of its workforce flexible against a background of more restrictive employment laws. DEFINED BENEFIT PENSION ARRANGEMENTS The Group provides retirement benefits for its former and current employees through a number of pension schemes in the UK and overseas. Future actuarial valuations and annual funding checks for these arrangements may require increased employer contributions, the level of which will depend on investment performance, mortality rates, annuity rates and changes in other actuarial assumptions. The arrangements in France, Italy and Turkey, which offer a lump sum payable on retirement, are not subject to mortality risk and are open to new and existing employees. The final salary scheme in the UK was closed to new entrants in 2001 but allows future accrual to its 131 active members. No new defined benefit schemes will be established, and other schemes in the Group have modest liabilities - for more detail refer to page 93. SAFETY & HEALTH The Group's work environment has numerous and varied risks. Bodycote strives to mitigate these by providing specific systems, equipment, training and supervision relating to different working environments. Risk is evaluated by internal and external resources so that it is continuously managed and mitigated. BRAND AND REPUTATION As the world leader in the provision of thermal processing services, Bodycote is a valuable and well-known business-to-business brand. Any damage to the brand because of the breakdown of commercial relationships, non-compliance with laws and regulations, misuse of human or other resources in breach of the Group's corporate ethos could have an adverse impact on the business as a whole. For these reasons Bodycote has instituted an effective programme under which employees can and do use the Group's Open Door Policy to report legitimate concerns about business conduct to the most senior executives and Non-executive Directors. ENERGY An increase in energy cost is a risk which the Group is largely able to mitigate, although with some time lag, through price adjustments or surcharges. Bodycote expects to be able to continue this practice. An Energy Risk Management Committee operates to oversee the purchasing of all the Group's energy requirements. OPERATIONS The Group's stringent quality systems, along with internal and external audits and as well as customers' verification of results, minimises the risk of releasing into use work which is not in compliance with specification, which could arise as a result of system or human failure. ENVIRONMENT Bodycote is mindful of the need to reduce its impact on the environment to a minimum. Some of the Group's heat treatment plants use solvents and other hazardous chemicals in small quantities and, where such substances are used, there is the potential for ground contamination. Past exposures are provided for and remediated as and when required. The likelihood of future problems is mitigated by stringent procedures, typically under the requirement of ISO 14001 environmental systems. FINANCIAL The Group's treasury function provides a centralised service to the Group for funding, foreign exchange, interest rate management and counterparty risk. Treasury activities have the objective of minimising risk and treasury operations are conducted within a framework of policies and guidelines authorised and reviewed by the Board. The Group uses a number of derivative instruments that are transacted, for risk management purposes only, by specialist treasury personnel. The use of financial instruments, including derivatives, is permitted when approved by the Board, where the effect is to minimise risk for the Group. Speculative trading of derivatives or other financial instruments is not permitted. There has been no significant change during the financial year, or since the end of the year, to the types or scope of financial risks faced by the Group. However, the Group no longer actively hedges the risk that foreign exchange rate movements have on the translation of overseas net assets as the Board has chosen to manage the sterling value of the Group's net debt in preference to the value of shareholders' funds. There is no significant change to the scope and management of the remaining financial risks faced by the Group. LIQUIDITY RISK Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Group might not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time or at a reasonable price. Liquidity risk arises as a result of mismatches between cash inflows and outflows from the business. This risk is monitored on a centralised basis through regular cash flow forecasting, a three-year rolling strategic plan, an annual budget agreed by the Board each December and a quarterly re-forecast undertaken during the financial year. To mitigate the risk, the resulting forecast net debt is measured against the liquidity headroom policy which, at the current net debt levels, requires committed facilities (plus term loans in excess of one year) to exceed net debt by 50%. As at 31 December 2009, the Group had committed facilities of £348.5m (2008: £ 359.7m) which exceeded net debt of £85.5m (2008: £64.7m) by 307.6% (2008: 456.0%). The Group also uses uncommitted short-term bank facilities to manage short-term liquidity but these facilities are excluded from the liquidity headroom policy. The Group manages longer-term liquidity through committed bank facilities and will, if appropriate, raise funds on capital markets. Following the completion of the £110m Revolving Credit Facility and the completion of the $20m Revolving and Letter of Credit facility on 8 January 2010 and 18 February 2010 respectively, the Group's principal committed bank facilities have the following maturity dates: * $20m Revolving and Letter of Credit Facility 31 March 2013 (3.3 years) * £110m Revolving Credit Facility 31 March 2013 (3.3 years) * €125m Revolving Credit Facility 31 July 2013 (3.6 years) In addition, cash management pooling, netting and concentration techniques are used to minimise borrowings. As at 31 December 2009, the Group had reduced gross cash to £19.6m (2008: £ 258.4m), primarily as a result of sterling cash being used to repay currency gross debt during the year. INTEREST RATE RISK Interest rate risk arises on borrowings and cash balances (and derivative liabilities and assets) which are at floating interest rates. Changes in interest rates could have the effect of either increasing or decreasing the Group's net profit. Under the Group's interest rate management policy, the interest rates on each of the Group's major currency monetary assets and liabilities are managed to achieve the desired mix of fixed and variable rates for each major net currency exposure. These major currencies currently include the US Dollar, Euro, Sterling and Swedish Krona. Measurement of this interest rate risk and its potential volatility to the Group's reported financial performance is undertaken on a monthly basis and the Board uses this information to determine, from time to time, an appropriate mix of fixed and floating rates. As at 31 December 2009, 3% of net financial liabilities were at fixed rates (2008: 23%). The decrease is primarily due to a change in the currency mix of the Group's interest rate derivatives and movements in exchange rates. The average tenor of the fixed rate derivatives and debt was 3.9 years (2008: 3.7 years). CURRENCY RISK Bodycote has operations in 27 countries and is therefore exposed to foreign exchange translation risk when the profits and net assets of these entities are consolidated into the Group accounts. Nearly 88% of the Group's sales are in currencies other than sterling (EUR 41.1%, USD 28.0%, SEK 4.9% and BRL 4.4%). Cumulatively over the year, sterling was weaker than the prior year such that the sales for the year were £45.5m higher than if sales had been translated at the rates prevailing in 2008. Taking the 2009 sales by currency, a +/-10% movement in the 2009 cumulative average rates for all currencies versus sterling would have given rise to a £ 42.3m movement in sales. The impact on headline operating profit is affected by the mix of losses and profits in the various currencies. However, taking the 2009 operating profit mix, a +/- 10% movement in 2009 cumulative average rates for all currencies would have given rise to a £0.2m movement in headline operating profit. It is Group policy not to hedge exposure for the translation of reported profits. The Group's current translation policy is that currency net assets are not actively hedged. However, where appropriate, the Group will still match centrally held currency borrowings and financial derivatives to the net assets. The Group principally borrows in the US Dollar, Euro, Swedish Krona and Sterling, consistent with the location of the Group's assets. The Group recognises foreign exchange movements in equity for the translation of net investment hedging instruments and balances. As a result of the Group's change of translation policy, during the year sterling gross cash was used to repay currency debt. Accordingly at 31 December 2009, £28.2m of gross debt (2008: £ 321.6m) and £84.6m of foreign exchange and cross currency swap liabilities (2008: £90.5m) were in currencies other than sterling and gross cash of £0.1m (2008: £229.8m) and cross currency swap assets of £81.2m (2008: £60.2m) were in sterling. Transaction foreign exchange exposures arise when entities within the Group enter into contracts to pay or receive funds in a currency different from the functional currency of the entity concerned. It is Group policy to hedge exposure to cash transactions in foreign currencies when a commitment arises, usually through the use of foreign exchange forward contracts. Even though approximately 88% of the Group's sales are generated outside the UK, the nature of the business is such that cross border sales and purchases are limited and, other than interest, such exposures are immaterial for the Group. MARKET RISK SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS The Group has measured the estimated charge to the income statement and equity of either an instantaneous increase or decrease of 1% (100 basis points) in market interest rates or a 10% strengthening or weakening in sterling against all other currencies from the applicable rates as at 31 December 2009, for all financial instruments with all other variables remaining constant. This analysis is for illustrative purposes only. The sensitivity analysis excludes the impact of market risks on net post employment benefit obligations. INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY The interest rate sensitivity analysis is based on the following assumptions: * changes in market interest rates affect the interest income or expense of variable interest financial instruments; * changes in market interest rates only affect the income statement in relation to financial instruments with fixed interest if these are recognised at their fair value; and * changes in market interest rates affect the fair value of derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments. Under these assumptions, a one percentage point fall or rise in market interest rates for all currencies in which the Group has variable net cash (and derivative assets) or net borrowings (and derivative liabilities) at 31 December 2009 would reduce or increase profit before tax by approximately £0.9m (2008: £0.7m). There is no material impact on equity. CURRENCY SENSITIVITY The currency risk sensitivity analysis is based on the assumption that changes in exchange rates affect the non-sterling financial assets and liabilities and the interest relating to those financial assets and liabilities. Under this assumption, a 10% strengthening or weakening of sterling against all exchange rates at 31 December 2009 for non-sterling financial assets and liabilities would have reduced or increased profit before tax and equity (before tax effects) as follows: £m CHF EUR SEK USD Other Total Impact on equity 0.7 7.0 0.8 0.1 (0.1) 8.5 Profit before tax - 0.3 - 0.1 0.1 0.5 Non-sterling financial liabilities offset the exchange rate impact on non-sterling net assets. COUNTERPARTY RISK Counterparty risk encompasses settlement risk on derivative financial instruments and money market contracts and credit risk on cash, time deposits and money market funds. The Group monitors its credit exposure to its counterparties via their credit ratings (where applicable) and through its policy, thereby limiting its exposure to any one party to ensure there is no significant concentration of credit risk. Group policy is to enter into such transactions only with counterparties with a long-term credit rating of A-/A3 or better. However, acquired businesses occasionally have dealings with banks with lower credit ratings. Business with such banks is moved as soon as practicable. The counterparties to the financial instruments transacted by the Group are major international financial institutions and, whilst these counterparties may expose the Group to credit losses in the event of non-performance, it considers the risk of material loss to be acceptable. The notional amounts of financial instruments used in interest rate and foreign exchange management do not represent the credit risk arising through the use of these instruments. The immediate credit risk of these instruments is generally estimated by the fair value of contracts with a positive value. The maximum exposure to credit risk for time deposits and other financial assets is represented by their carrying amount. CREDIT RISK Credit risk arises from the possibility that customers may not be able to settle their obligations as agreed. To manage this risk, the Group periodically assesses the financial reliability of customers. The majority of the Group's trade receivables are due for maturity within 60 days. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited. The Group has a diverse customer base of many tens of thousands of customers and is not reliant on any one business sector, end market or client. The largest customer represents less than 4% of total Group revenue. The Group's trade and other receivable balance as at 31 December 2009 amounted to £94.1m and the top 10 accounts amounted to approximately 12%. Bodycote's diverse client base provides the Group with balanced demand from a number of sectors. Management is mindful of the continuation of the difficult trading conditions being experienced in a number of sectors in which Bodycote trades and has reviewed the provisions for bad and doubtful debt accordingly. D F Landless Finance Director 25 February 2010 Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements This announcement contains certain forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate only to historical or current facts. In particular, all statements that express forecasts, expectations and projections with respect to future matters, including trends in results of operations, margins, growth rates, overall market trends, the impact of interest or exchange rates, the availability of financing for the Company, anticipated cost savings or synergies and the completion of the Company's strategies, are forward-looking statements. By their nature, these statements and forecasts involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results or developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements and forecasts. The forward-looking statements reflect the knowledge and information available at February 25, 2010, the date of signing of the Annual report, and will not be updated during the year. Nothing in this announcement should be construed as a profit forecast. This announcement contains non-statutory accounts within the meaning of section 435 of the Companies Act 2006. The statutory accounts for the year ended 31 December 2009, upon which an unqualified audit opinion has been given and which did not contain a statement under Section 498 (2) or 498 (3) of the Companies Act 2006, will be filed in due course with the Registrar of Companies. From continuing operations

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